{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:23:51Z","timestamp":1793327031461,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,5]],"date-time":"2013-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383609600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosmedicine.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Med"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,5]],"date-time":"2013-11-05T16:47:21Z","timestamp":1383670041000},"page":"e1001547","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2601,"title":["Burden of Depressive Disorders by Country, Sex, Age, and Year: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Alize J.","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona J.","family":"Charlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosana E.","family":"Norman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott B.","family":"Patten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg","family":"Freedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.L.","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theo","family":"Vos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harvey A.","family":"Whiteford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712001511","article-title":"Global variation in the prevalence and incidence of major depressive disorder: a systematic review of the epidemiological literature","volume":"43","author":"AJ Ferrari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psycho Med"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e69637","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069637","article-title":"The epidemiological modelling of major depressive disorder: application for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"8","author":"AJ Ferrari","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2013.05.060","article-title":"The epidemiological modelling of dysthymia: application for the Global Burden of Disease 2010 Study","volume":"151","author":"FJ Charlson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Murray CJL, Lopez AD, editors (1996) The Global Burden of Disease: a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases, injuries, and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020. Cambridge (Massachusetts): Harvard School of Public Health on behalf of the World Health Organization & the World Bank."},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2008) The Global Burden of Disease: 2004 update. Switzerland. Available: http:\/\/www.who.int\/healthinfo\/global_burden_disease\/2004_report_update\/en\/<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"Mathers CD, Stein C, Ma Fat D, Rao C, Inoue M, et al<\/etal>.. (2002) Global Burden of Disease 2000: version 2 methods and results. Geneva: World Health Organization. Available: http:\/\/www.who.int\/healthinfo\/paper50.pdf<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"World Bank (1993) World Development Report 1993. Investing in health: world development indicators. New York: World Bank. Available: http:\/\/files.dcp2.org\/pdf\/World Development Report 1993.pdf<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.184.5.386","article-title":"Global burden of depressive disorders in the year 2000","volume":"184","author":"TB Ustun","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61238-0","article-title":"No health without mental health","volume":"370","author":"M Prince","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2000) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR). Washington (D.C.): American Psychiatric Association."},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"World Health Organization (1992) The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders. Clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines. Geneva: World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"Ayuso-Mateos JL (2000) Global burden of bipolar disorder in the year 2000: version 1. Geneva: World Health Organization. Available: http:\/\/www.who.int\/healthinfo\/statistics\/bod_bipolar.pdf<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61899-6","article-title":"GBD 2010: design, definitions, and metrics","volume":"380","author":"CJL Murray","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61689-4","article-title":"Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990\u20132010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"380","author":"CJL Murray","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2224","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61766-8","article-title":"A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990\u20132010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"380","author":"SS Lim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2095","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61728-0","article-title":"Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"380","author":"R Lozano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61680-8","article-title":"Common values in assessing health outcomes from disease and injury:disability weights measurement study for the Global Burden of Disease 2010","volume":"380","author":"JA Salomon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2163","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61729-2","article-title":"Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990\u20132010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"380","author":"T Vos","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref19","article-title":"The Global Burden of Mental and Substance Use Disorders, 2010","author":"HA Whiteford","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement","volume":"6","author":"D Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-004-1009-0","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence estimates of major depression: an indirect estimation method and a quantification of recall bias","volume":"20","author":"ME Kruijshaar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291709991036","article-title":"How common are common mental disorders? Evidence that lifetime prevalence rates are doubled by prospective versus retrospective ascertainment","volume":"40","author":"TE Moffitt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psycho Med"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036180","article-title":"Recall of psychiatric history in cross-sectional surveys: implications for epidemiologic research","volume":"17","author":"GE Simon","year":"1995","journal-title":"Epidemiol Rev"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291709991504","article-title":"Two plus two equals three? Do we need to rethink lifetime prevalence? A commentary on \u2018How common are common mental disorders? Evidence that lifetime prevalence rates are doubled by prospective versus retrospective ascertainment\u2019 by Moffitt et al. (2009)","volume":"40","author":"E Susser","year":"2010","journal-title":"Psycho Med"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/832945","article-title":"Factors influencing risk of premature mortality in community cases of depression: a meta-analytic review","volume":"2011","author":"AJ Baxter","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epidemiology Research International"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.61.11.1097","article-title":"The burden of major depression avoidable by longer-term treatment strategies","volume":"61","author":"T Vos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatr"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-7954-1-4","article-title":"A generic model for the assessment of disease epidemiology: the computational basis of DisMod II","volume":"1","author":"JJ Barendregt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Popul Health Metr"},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (2012) United States Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 2000\u20132009. Rockville (Maryland): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Available: http:\/\/meps.ahrq.gov\/mepsweb\/<\/ext-link>."},{"key":"ref29","unstructured":"U.S. National Institutes of Health National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (2013) National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions Wave 1 and Wave 2. Bethesda (Maryland): National Institutes of Health. Available: http:\/\/www.niaaa.nih.gov\/<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref30","unstructured":"Australian Bureau of Statistics (2008) National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing of Adults 1997. Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics. Available: http:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/AUSSTATS\/abs.nsf\/allprimarymainfeatures\/D5A0AC778746378FCA2574EA00122887?opendocumen<\/ext-link>."},{"key":"ref31","unstructured":"Ware JE, Kosinski M, Keller SD, QualityMetric Incorporated, New England Medical Center Hospital. Health Assessment Lab (2002) SF-12: how to score the SF-12 physical and mental health summary scales. Lincoln (Rhode Island); Boston: QualityMetric Inc, Health Assessment Lab."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-9-134","article-title":"Mental disorders as risk factors: assessing the evidence for the global burden of disease study","volume":"9","author":"AJ Baxter","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Medicine"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-9-47","article-title":"Should Global Burden of Disease estimates include depression as a risk factor for coronary heart disease?","volume":"9","author":"FJ Charlson","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Medicine"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2010.11.008","article-title":"Attributable risk of psychiatric and socio-economic factors for suicide from individual-level, population-based studies: a systematic review","volume":"72","author":"Z Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2007.01017.x","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of depressive disorder: the Baltimore ECA follow-up, 1981\u20132004","volume":"116","author":"WW Eaton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"235","article-title":"Changing trends in the prevalence of common mental disorders in Taiwan: a 20-year repeated cross-sectional survey","volume":"381","author":"TS Fu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e40593","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040593","article-title":"Predicting the impact of the 2011 conflict in Libya on population mental health: PTSD and depression prevalence and mental health service requirements","volume":"7","author":"FJ Charlson","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60283-4","article-title":"GBD 2010 country results: a global public good","volume":"381","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60188-9","article-title":"Health in the UK: could do even better?","volume":"381","author":"EG Jessop","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60355-4","article-title":"UK health performance: fi ndings of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"381","author":"CJL Murray","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2009.01.005","article-title":"The importance of functional impairment to mental health outcomes: a case for reassessing our goals in depression treatment research","volume":"29","author":"PE McKnight","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"ref42","unstructured":"Kessler RC, Ustun TB, editors (2008) The WHO World Mental Health Surveys: global perspectives on the epidemiology of mental disorders. New York: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1097\/YIC.0b013e3282f2b4d6","article-title":"Assessing treatment effects in clinical trials with the discan metric of the Sheehan Disability Scale","volume":"23","author":"KH Sheehan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharmacol"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-199606003-00015","article-title":"The measurement of disability","volume":"11","author":"DV Sheehan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int Clin Psychopharm"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3095","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.23.3095","article-title":"The epidemiology of major depressive disorder: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)","volume":"289","author":"RC Kessler","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["PLoS Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001547","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,31]],"date-time":"2019-07-31T21:41:02Z","timestamp":1564609262000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001547"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Phillipa J.","family":"Hay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,5]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001547","relation":{},"ISSN":["1549-1676"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1549-1676","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,5]]}}}