{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T06:51:35Z","timestamp":1756191095150,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]],"date-time":"2019-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010409","name":"Children's Investment Fund Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G-1601-00920"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G-1601-00920"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010409","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosmedicine.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Med"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]],"date-time":"2019-07-23T17:25:57Z","timestamp":1563902757000},"page":"e1002860","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Care practices and neonatal survival in 52 neonatal intensive care units in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, India: A cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8066-7873","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Claudia","family":"Hanson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9441-0657","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Samiksha","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Zamboni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9821-934X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mukta","family":"Tyagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Swecha","family":"Chamarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1958-7396","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rajan","family":"Shukla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0708-3676","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joanna","family":"Schellenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9940","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60792-3","article-title":"Can available interventions end preventable deaths in mothers, newborn babies, and stillbirths, and at what cost?","volume":"384","author":"ZA Bhutta","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"2018","article-title":"Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation"},{"year":"2011","key":"ref3","article-title":"Programme evaluation of the Janani Suraksha Yojana"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"ref4","article-title":"Program evaluation of the Janani Suraksha Yojna","volume":"6","author":"R Ved","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Proceedings"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-015077","article-title":"Interfacility transfer of pregnant women using publicly funded emergency call centre-based ambulance services: a cross-sectional analysis of service logs from five states in India","volume":"7","author":"S Singh","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"National Health Mission, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. Government of India. Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakaram 2014. Available from: http:\/\/nhm.gov.in\/janani-shishu-suraksha-karyakram.html<\/ext-link>. [cited 2018 July 1]."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.4103\/2249-4863.222010","article-title":"Evaluation of Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram scheme and out of pocket expenditure in a rural area of Northern India","volume":"6","author":"S Chaudhary","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of family medicine and primary care"},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. Government of India. Operational Guidelines: Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karykram 2013. Available from: http:\/\/nhm.gov.in\/images\/pdf\/programmes\/RBSK\/Operational_Guidelines\/Operational%20Guidelines_RBSK.pdf<\/ext-link>. [cited 2018 July 1]."},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"National Health Mission, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. Government of India. India Newborn Action Plan 2014. Available from: http:\/\/nhm.gov.in\/images\/pdf\/programmes\/inap-final.pdf<\/ext-link>. [cited 2018 July 1]."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-1139-x","article-title":"Effectiveness of the WHO SCC on improving adherence to essential practices during childbirth, in resource constrained settings","volume":"16","author":"S Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC pregnancy and childbirth"},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"MOHFW. Laqshya: Labour room quality improvement initiative. National Health Mission New Delhi, India: MOHFW; 2017. Available from: http:\/\/nhm.gov.in\/New_Updates_2018\/NHM_Components\/RMNCH_MH_Guidelines\/LaQshya-Guidelines.pdf<\/ext-link>. [cited 2018 Dec 1]"},{"year":"2016","key":"ref12","article-title":"National Quality Assurance Standards for Public Health Facilities"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"National Neonatal Forum. National Neonatal Forum 2018. Available from: http:\/\/www.nnfi.org\/<\/ext-link>. [cited 2018 Nov 23]."},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. Government of India. Facility Based Newborn Operational Guide Delhi: Government of India; 2011. Available from: http:\/\/164.100.130.11:8091\/rch\/FNBC_Operational_Guideline.pdf<\/ext-link>. [cited 2018 Nov 23]."},{"issue":"5","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.3329\/jhpn.v29i5.8904","article-title":"Assessment of Special Care Newborn Units in India","volume":"29","author":"SB Neogi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"Child Health Division. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. INAP. India Newborn Action Plan New Dehli, India: 2014."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F260","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2015-308169","article-title":"Current status of neonatal intensive care in India","volume":"101","author":"N Karthik Nagesh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood\u2014Fetal and Neonatal Edition"},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. Government of India. National Family Health Survey\u20134 (2015\u201316). India Factsheet 2016. Available from: http:\/\/rchiips.org\/NFHS\/pdf\/NFHS4\/India.pdf<\/ext-link>. [cited 2018 July 1]."},{"key":"ref19","unstructured":"Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. Government of India. Care of Small and Sick Newborns in Special Newborn Care Units (SNCUs) India: Two year report April 2013\u2013March 2015. 2015."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.3329\/jhpn.v27i1.3318","article-title":"Gender differences in perception and care-seeking for illness of newborns in rural Uttar Pradesh, India","volume":"27","author":"J Willis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000433","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000433","article-title":"Quality of Private and Public Ambulatory Health Care in Low and Middle Income Countries: Systematic Review of Comparative Studies","volume":"8","author":"S Berendes","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001244","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001244","article-title":"Comparative Performance of Private and Public Healthcare Systems in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review","volume":"9","author":"S Basu","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"10044","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00343-3","article-title":"Performance of private sector health care: implications for universal health coverage","volume":"388","author":"R Morgan","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"9765","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61888-0","article-title":"Human resources for health in India","volume":"377","author":"M Rao","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"article-title":"Sector in Healthcare Delivery Market in India: Structure, Growth and Implications","year":"2015","author":"S Kiumar","key":"ref25"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e020532","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020532","article-title":"Can India's primary care facilities deliver? A cross-sectional assessment of the Indian public health system's capacity for basic delivery and newborn services","volume":"8","author":"J Sharma","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ open"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.16.179291","article-title":"Quality of routine essential care during childbirth: clinical observations of uncomplicated births in Uttar Pradesh, India","volume":"95","author":"G Sharma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1097\/XEB.0000000000000042","article-title":"Is the practice of public or private sector doctors more evidence-based? A qualitative study from Vellore, India","volume":"13","author":"O Akinyemi","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Evidence-based Healthcare"},{"issue":"10044","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30242-2","article-title":"Prohibit, constrain, encourage, or purchase: how should we engage with the private health-care sector?","volume":"388","author":"D Montagu","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"10011","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2422","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00955-1","article-title":"Assuring health coverage for all in India","volume":"386","author":"V Patel","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"ref31","unstructured":"Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. Government of India. Government of India. National Family Health Survey\u20134 (2015\u201316). Andhra Pradesh Factsheet 2016. Available from: http:\/\/rchiips.org\/nfhs\/pdf\/NFHS4\/AP_FactSheet.pdf<\/ext-link>. [cited 2019 April 3]."},{"key":"ref32","unstructured":"Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. Government of India. National Family Health Survey\u20134 (2015\u201316). Telangana Factsheet 2016. Available from: http:\/\/rchiips.org\/nfhs\/pdf\/NFHS4\/TG_FactSheet.pdf<\/ext-link>. [cited 2019 April 3]."},{"key":"ref33","unstructured":"Ministry of Home Affairs. Government of India. Sample Registration System Statistical report 2016. Available from: http:\/\/www.censusindia.gov.in\/vital_statistics\/SRS_Report_2016\/8.Chap%204-Mortality%20Indicators-2016.pdf<\/ext-link>. [cited 2019 April 3]."},{"issue":"10","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0140448","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0140448","article-title":"Facility Delivery, Postnatal Care and Neonatal Deaths in India: Nationally-Representative Case-Control Studies","volume":"10","author":"SA Fadel","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581466","DOI":"10.1080\/16549716.2019.1581466","article-title":"Evaluation of the Safe Care, Saving Lives (SCSL) quality improvement collaborative for neonatal health in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, India: a study protocol","volume":"12","author":"C Hanson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Global Health Action"},{"year":"2003","key":"ref36","article-title":"The Breakthrough Series. IHI\u2019s Collaborative Model for Achieving Breakthrough Improvement"},{"key":"ref37","unstructured":"ACCESS Health International. ACCESS Health International New York. Available from: http:\/\/accessh.org\/<\/ext-link>. [cited 2017 Sept 7]"},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Guidelines for District Hospitals (101 to 500 Bedded) 2012. Available from: http:\/\/nhm.gov.in\/images\/pdf\/guidelines\/iphs\/iphs-revised-guidlines-2012\/district-hospital.pdf<\/ext-link>. [cited 2017 November 25]."},{"key":"ref39","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Maternal and Newborn Health Toolkit. To provide quality maternal and newborn health services at health facilities in India 2013. Available from: http:\/\/nhsrcindia.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Maternal%20%20Newborn%20Health%20Toolkit.pdf<\/ext-link>. [cited 2017 November 25]."},{"key":"ref40","article-title":"Declaration of Helsinki\u2014Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subject"},{"year":"2010","key":"ref41","article-title":"Guidance on safe nurse staffing levels in the UK"},{"issue":"9301","key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07366-X","article-title":"Patient volume, staffing, and workload in relation to risk-adjusted outcomes in a random stratified sample of UK neonatal intensive care units: a prospective evaluation","volume":"359","author":"J Tucker","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-0896-x","article-title":"The availability of emergency obstetric care in the context of the JSY cash transfer programme in Madhya Pradesh, India","volume":"16","author":"Y Sabde","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"I46","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czu062","article-title":"Quality of inpatient care in public and private hospitals in Sri Lanka","volume":"30","author":"R Rannan-Eliya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Policy and Planning"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(18)30139-1","article-title":"Neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia: a global perspective","volume":"2","author":"BO Olusanya","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health"},{"issue":"10106","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1972","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32162-1","article-title":"Changes in cause-specific neonatal and 1\u201359-month child mortality in India from 2000 to 2015: a nationally representative survey","volume":"390","author":"SA Fadel","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2008.177","article-title":"Impact of a district level sick newborn care unit on neonatal mortality rate: 2-year follow-up","volume":"29","author":"A Sen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal Of Perinatology"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-016-0933-x","article-title":"Cost analysis of Healthcare in a Private sector Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in India","volume":"53","author":"G Karambelkar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref49","first-page":"335","article-title":"Addressing healthcare needs of people living below the poverty line: a rapid assessment of the Andhra Pradesh Health Insurance Scheme","volume":"24","author":"M Rao","year":"2011","journal-title":"National Med J India"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czw018","article-title":"Recent trends in working with the private sector to improve basic healthcare: a review of evidence and interventions","volume":"31","author":"D Montagu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Policy and Planning"},{"issue":"suppl_2","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ii25","DOI":"10.1093\/heapol\/czw017","article-title":"District decision-making for health in low-income settings: a case study of the potential of public and private sector data in India and Ethiopia","volume":"31","author":"S Bhattacharyya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Policy and Planning"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-018-1024-8","article-title":"Hospital Mortality\u2014a neglected but rich source of information supporting the transition to higher quality health systems in low and middle income countries","volume":"16","author":"M English","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-6219-6","article-title":"Hand hygiene in hospitals: an observational study in hospitals from two southern states of India","volume":"18","author":"M Tyagi","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"9879","key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60686-8","article-title":"Moving beyond essential interventions for reduction of maternal mortality (the WHO Multicountry Survey on Maternal and Newborn Health): a cross-sectional study","volume":"381","author":"JP Souza","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Lancet"}],"container-title":["PLOS Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002860","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T06:01:47Z","timestamp":1589004107000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002860"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Usha","family":"Ram","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002860","relation":{},"ISSN":["1549-1676"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1549-1676"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]]}}}