{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T00:52:41Z","timestamp":1792457561513,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]],"date-time":"2020-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61872218, 61721003, and 61673241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61872218, 61721003, and 61673241"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosmedicine.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Med"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]],"date-time":"2020-08-06T13:36:06Z","timestamp":1596720966000},"page":"e1003188","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":182,"title":["Ambient air pollution and cause-specific risk of hospital admission in China: A nationwide time-series study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7897-381X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jiangshao","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0591-3322","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yifang","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0818-138X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Haibo","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongjiu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3228-9166","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"pmed.1003188.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.10.1127","article-title":"Fine particulate air pollution and hospital admission for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases","volume":"295","author":"F Dominici","year":"2006","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10","key":"pmed.1003188.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201510-2042OC","article-title":"Ultrafine and fine particles and hospital admissions in central Europe. Results from the UFIREG study","volume":"194","author":"S Lanzinger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"26","key":"pmed.1003188.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2513","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1702747","article-title":"Air pollution and mortality in the Medicare population","volume":"376","author":"Q Di","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"pmed.1003188.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2446","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.17923","article-title":"Association of short-term exposure to air pollution with mortality in older adults","volume":"318","author":"Q Di","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"10082","key":"pmed.1003188.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30505-6","article-title":"Estimates and 25-year trends of the global burden of disease attributable to ambient air pollution: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2015","volume":"389","author":"AJ Cohen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"17","key":"pmed.1003188.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2054","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.07.099","article-title":"Air pollution and cardiovascular disease: JACC state-of-the-art review","volume":"72","author":"S Rajagopalan","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pmed.1003188.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201804-0673PP","article-title":"Air pollution in the Asia-Pacific region. A joint Asian Pacific Society of Respirology\/American Thoracic Society perspective","volume":"199","author":"CM North","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"pmed.1003188.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e301","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(18)30140-2","article-title":"The 2016 global and national burden of diabetes mellitus attributable to PM2.5 air pollution","volume":"2","author":"B Bowe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"issue":"10119","key":"pmed.1003188.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32345-0","article-title":"The Lancet Commission on pollution and health","volume":"391","author":"PJ Landrigan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"pmed.1003188.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e74","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(17)30021-9","article-title":"Association between emergency admission for peptic ulcer bleeding and air pollution: a case-crossover analysis in Hong Kong\u2019s elderly population","volume":"1","author":"L Tian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"pmed.1003188.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e337","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(17)30136-5","article-title":"Association of air particulate pollution with bone loss over time and bone fracture risk: analysis of data from two independent studies","volume":"1","author":"D Prada","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmed.1003188.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2017030253","article-title":"Particulate matter air pollution and the risk of incident CKD and progression to ESRD","volume":"29","author":"B Bowe","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"7","key":"pmed.1003188.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e267","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(17)30117-1","article-title":"Associations of ambient coarse particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide with the risk of kidney disease: a cohort study","volume":"1","author":"B Bowe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"pmed.1003188.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107002","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP3304","article-title":"Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and chronic kidney disease: a cohort study","volume":"126","author":"TC Chan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"4","key":"pmed.1003188.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2014-306379","article-title":"Basic mechanisms for adverse cardiovascular events associated with air pollution","volume":"101","author":"MT Chin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"7","key":"pmed.1003188.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.026796","article-title":"Particulate matter exposure and stress hormone levels: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial of air purification","volume":"136","author":"H Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"pmed.1003188.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4542","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.6b08551","article-title":"Inhaled nanoparticles accumulate at sites of vascular disease","volume":"11","author":"MR Miller","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"39","key":"pmed.1003188.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10797","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1605941113","article-title":"Magnetite pollution nanoparticles in the human brain","volume":"113","author":"BA Maher","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"pmed.1003188.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.06.029","article-title":"Fine particulate air pollution and hospital visits for asthma in Beijing, China","volume":"230","author":"Y Tian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"issue":"4","key":"pmed.1003188.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz106","article-title":"Fine particulate air pollution and adult hospital admissions in 200 Chinese cities: a time-series analysis","volume":"48","author":"Y Tian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"pmed.1003188.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l2349","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l2349","article-title":"What can we learn from China\u2019s health system reform?","volume":"365","author":"Q Meng","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"pmed.1003188.ref022","unstructured":"World Health Organization. International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems, 10th revision. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016 [cited 2020 Mar 15]. https:\/\/icd.who.int\/browse10\/2016\/en."},{"issue":"9","key":"pmed.1003188.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1602469","article-title":"Trends in chronic kidney disease in China","volume":"375","author":"L Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"pmed.1003188.ref024","first-page":"2173","article-title":"Primary glomerular nephropathy among hospitalized patients in a national database in China","volume":"33","author":"J Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmed.1003188.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-018-1708-7","article-title":"The frequency of ANCA-associated vasculitis in a national database of hospitalized patients in China","volume":"20","author":"J Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"pmed.1003188.ref026","unstructured":"Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. Clinical Classifications Software (CCS) for ICD-9-CM. Rockville (MD): Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project; 2017 [cited 2020 Mar 15]. https:\/\/www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov\/toolssoftware\/ccs\/ccs.jsp."},{"issue":"6","key":"pmed.1003188.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.08.001","article-title":"Comorbidity risk-adjustment strategies are comparable among persons with hip fracture","volume":"61","author":"DC Radley","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"24","key":"pmed.1003188.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2659","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.15715","article-title":"Cause-specific risk of hospital admission related to extreme heat in older adults","volume":"312","author":"JF Bobb","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"24","key":"pmed.1003188.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200012143432401","article-title":"Fine particulate air pollution and mortality in 20 U.S. cities, 1987\u20131994","volume":"343","author":"JM Samet","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"18","key":"pmed.1003188.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2172","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.18.2172","article-title":"Coarse particulate matter air pollution and hospital admissions for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases among Medicare patients","volume":"299","author":"RD Peng","year":"2008","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmed.1003188.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201609-1862OC","article-title":"Fine particulate air pollution and daily mortality. a nationwide analysis in 272 Chinese cities","volume":"196","author":"R Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmed.1003188.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(17)30181-X","article-title":"Ambient carbon monoxide and cardiovascular mortality: a nationwide time-series analysis in 272 cities in China","volume":"2","author":"C Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"key":"pmed.1003188.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.04.019","article-title":"Associations between short-term exposure to ambient sulfur dioxide and increased cause-specific mortality in 272 Chinese cities","volume":"117","author":"L Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmed.1003188.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.12.001","article-title":"Differentiating the effects of fine and coarse particles on daily mortality in Shanghai, China","volume":"33","author":"H Kan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"issue":"4","key":"pmed.1003188.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2014-306165","article-title":"Relationship between fine particulate air pollution and ischaemic heart disease morbidity and mortality","volume":"101","author":"W Xie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Heart"},{"issue":"10","key":"pmed.1003188.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002668","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002668","article-title":"Association between ambient air pollution and daily hospital admissions for ischemic stroke: a nationwide time-series analysis","volume":"15","author":"Y Tian","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"pmed.1003188.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l6572","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l6572","article-title":"Association between ambient fine particulate pollution and hospital admissions for cause specific cardiovascular disease: time series study in 184 major Chinese cities","volume":"367","author":"Y Tian","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"pmed.1003188.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136896","article-title":"Ambient fine particulate matter and hospital admissions for ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes and transient ischemic attack in 248 Chinese cities","volume":"715","author":"J Gu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"pmed.1003188.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"j667","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j667","article-title":"Particulate air pollution and mortality in 38 of China\u2019s largest cities: time series analysis","volume":"356","author":"P Yin","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmed.1003188.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","article-title":"Controlling the false discovery rate\u2014a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing","volume":"57","author":"Y Benjamini","year":"1995","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Series B Stat Methodol"},{"issue":"39","key":"pmed.1003188.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10384","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1616784114","article-title":"New evidence on the impact of sustained exposure to air pollution on life expectancy from China\u2019s Huai River Policy","volume":"114","author":"A Ebenstein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmed.1003188.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7387","article-title":"Estimating the exposure-response relationships between particulate matter and mortality within the APHEA multicity project","volume":"113","author":"E Samoli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"4","key":"pmed.1003188.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8816","article-title":"The exposure-response curve for ozone and risk of mortality and the adequacy of current ozone regulations","volume":"114","author":"ML Bell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmed.1003188.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181d61eeb","article-title":"Negative controls: a tool for detecting confounding and bias in observational studies","volume":"21","author":"M Lipsitch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmed.1003188.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-13-38","article-title":"A national case-crossover analysis of the short-term effect of PM2.5 on hospitalizations and mortality in subjects with diabetes and neurological disorders","volume":"13","author":"A Zanobetti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"key":"pmed.1003188.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44741","DOI":"10.1038\/srep44741","article-title":"Short-term air pollution exposure aggravates Parkinson\u2019s disease in a population-based cohort","volume":"7","author":"H Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmed.1003188.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2018.12.006","article-title":"Air pollution and Parkinson\u2019s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis up to 2018","volume":"222","author":"MI Kasdagli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Hyg Environ Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"pmed.1003188.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0900599","article-title":"Air pollution, aeroallergens, and emergency room visits for acute respiratory diseases and gastroenteric disorders among young children in six Italian cities","volume":"117","author":"F Orazzo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"8","key":"pmed.1003188.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1206085","article-title":"Ambient ozone concentrations and the risk of perforated and nonperforated appendicitis: a multicity case-crossover study","volume":"121","author":"GG Kaplan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmed.1003188.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2017.136","article-title":"Environmental triggers in IBD: a review of progress and evidence","volume":"15","author":"AN Ananthakrishnan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmed.1003188.ref051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.08.009","article-title":"Exposure to ambient particulate matter induces a NASH-like phenotype and impairs hepatic glucose metabolism in an animal model","volume":"58","author":"Z Zheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pmed.1003188.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.07.020","article-title":"Exposure to fine airborne particulate matters induces hepatic fibrosis in murine models","volume":"63","author":"Z Zheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"pmed.1003188.ref053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3739","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2016010093","article-title":"Long-term exposure to air pollution and increased risk of membranous nephropathy in China","volume":"27","author":"X Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"pmed.1003188.ref054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"h1111","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h1111","article-title":"The relation between past exposure to fine particulate air pollution and prevalent anxiety: observational cohort study","volume":"350","author":"MC Power","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmed.1003188.ref055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP494","article-title":"Association of ambient air pollution with depressive and anxiety symptoms in older adults: results from the NSHAP study","volume":"125","author":"VC Pun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"12","key":"pmed.1003188.ref056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126002","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP4595","article-title":"Air pollution (particulate matter) exposure and associations with depression, anxiety, bipolar, psychosis and suicide risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"127","author":"I Braithwaite","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"10159","key":"pmed.1003188.ref057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32279-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"392","author":"GBD 2017 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9882","key":"pmed.1003188.ref058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61097-1","article-title":"Rapid health transition in China, 1990\u20132010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"381","author":"G Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10159","key":"pmed.1003188.ref059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32225-6","article-title":"Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"392","author":"GBD 2017 Risk Factor Collaborators","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"pmed.1003188.ref060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.10.042","article-title":"Air pollution and noncommunicable diseases: a review by the Forum of International Respiratory Societies\u2019 Environmental Committee, part 1: the damaging effects of air pollution","volume":"155","author":"DE Schraufnagel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"2","key":"pmed.1003188.ref061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.10.041","article-title":"Air pollution and noncommunicable diseases: a review by the Forum of International Respiratory Societies\u2019 Environmental Committee, part 2: air pollution and organ systems","volume":"155","author":"DE Schraufnagel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"4","key":"pmed.1003188.ref062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-1795","article-title":"Ambient air pollutants have adverse effects on insulin and glucose homeostasis in Mexican Americans","volume":"39","author":"Z Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"pmed.1003188.ref063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8977-8-19","article-title":"Particulate matter air pollution causes oxidant-mediated increase in gut permeability in mice","volume":"8","author":"EA Mutlu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Part Fibre Toxicol"},{"issue":"4","key":"pmed.1003188.ref064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e62220","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0062220","article-title":"Environmental particulate matter induces murine intestinal inflammatory responses and alters the gut microbiome","volume":"8","author":"L Kish","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"pmed.1003188.ref065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.114205","article-title":"Particulate matter pollution and hospital outpatient visits for endocrine, digestive, urological, and dermatological diseases in Nanjing, China","volume":"261","author":"C Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"issue":"4","key":"pmed.1003188.ref066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP302","article-title":"Associations between long-term particulate matter exposure and adult renal function in the Taipei metropolis","volume":"125","author":"YR Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"5","key":"pmed.1003188.ref067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e002742","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.115.002742","article-title":"Short-term exposure to air pollution and biomarkers of oxidative stress: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"5","author":"W Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"pmed.1003188.ref068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2019.05.066","article-title":"Maternal serum metabolome and traffic-related air pollution exposure in pregnancy","volume":"130","author":"Q Yan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"issue":"11","key":"pmed.1003188.ref069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201205-0850OC","article-title":"Inflammatory and oxidative stress responses of healthy young adults to changes in air quality during the Beijing Olympics","volume":"186","author":"W Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"pmed.1003188.ref070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1702036","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02036-2017","article-title":"Outdoor air pollution, exhaled 8-isoprostane and current asthma in adults: the EGEA study","volume":"51","author":"A Havet","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"issue":"5","key":"pmed.1003188.ref071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.00108419","article-title":"Exposure measurement error in time-series studies of air pollution: concepts and consequences","volume":"108","author":"SL Zeger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"}],"container-title":["PLOS Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003188","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,11]],"date-time":"2024-08-11T07:51:05Z","timestamp":1723362665000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003188"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Yuming","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003188","relation":{},"ISSN":["1549-1676"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1549-1676","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]]}}}