{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,19]],"date-time":"2025-03-19T04:30:47Z","timestamp":1742358647533,"version":"3.40.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosmentalhealth.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLOS Ment Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Difficulties remembering the faces and the names of individuals are two of the most common memory complaints among older adults (OA\u2019s), with impaired performance on face-name recall tests implicated to be one of the earliest changes during the transition to Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Studies in children, young-, and middle-aged adults have identified that females generally perform better on face-name association tests than males, although little is known in terms of female versus male performance in OA\u2019s. Studies in these same age groups have identified the existence of a\u00a0\u201cgender bias\u201d whereby face-name recall is improved when facial images are from the same sex as the individual being evaluated. In the current study we employed a case-controlled study design to evaluate 115 OA males and 115 OA females in terms of their performance on the Face Name Hobby Recall (FNHR) test. OA females were observed to have significantly higher levels of both immediate and delayed recall on the FHNR test as compared to males. Improved FNHR test performance by females persisted for up to 12-months in the subset of 21 males and 21 females in the study for whom longitudinal data was available. The rates of learning for names and hobbies did not significantly differ between OA males and females. OA males and females did not exhibit improved FNHR test performance for facial images of their same sex, although OA males did show improved FHNR test performance with female faces as compared to male faces. Data from the current study have implications for future studies that examine the causes and consequences of perturbations in face-name recall in the context of aging and dementia-related research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmen.0000244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T17:29:41Z","timestamp":1742318981000},"page":"e0000244","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmen.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A case-controlled study investigating gender differences in Face Name Hobby Recall (FNHR) performance in healthy community-dwelling older adults"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8690-8082","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Luke D.","family":"Braun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3856-961X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"H. Raymond","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robbie A.","family":"Beyl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9892-7423","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jeffrey N.","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pmen.0000244.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1076\/jcen.24.2.200.989","article-title":"Facial identity and facial emotions: Speed, accuracy, and processing strategies in children and adults","volume":"24","author":"L De Sonneville","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Neuropsychol"},{"issue":"16","key":"pmen.0000244.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4434","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1704-15.2016","article-title":"A neural basis of facial action recognition in humans","volume":"36","author":"R Srinivasan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"pmen.0000244.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1997.9.5.605","article-title":"Face-specific processing in the human fusiform gyrus","volume":"9","author":"G McCarthy","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"issue":"11","key":"pmen.0000244.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4302","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.17-11-04302.1997","article-title":"The fusiform face area: a module in human extrastriate cortex specialized for face perception","volume":"17","author":"N Kanwisher","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmen.0000244.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.08.031","article-title":"Role of fusiform and anterior temporal cortical areas in facial recognition","volume":"63","author":"S Nasr","year":"2012","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"9\u201310","key":"pmen.0000244.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1080\/13506285.2013.823140","article-title":"Sex differences and the own-gender bias in face recognition: a meta-analytic review","volume":"21","author":"A Herlitz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Visual Cognition"},{"issue":"S18","key":"pmen.0000244.ref007","article-title":"Sex \/ gender bias on the face\u2010name associative memory exam in clinically\u2010normal older adults","volume":"19","author":"K Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s amp Dementia"},{"issue":"2","key":"pmen.0000244.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1080\/0361073X.2014.882210","article-title":"Age- and gender-related variations of emotion recognition in pseudowords and faces","volume":"40","author":"LR Demenescu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Exp Aging Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"pmen.0000244.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0000000000000771","article-title":"Sex differences in episodic memory in early midlife: impact of reproductive aging","volume":"24","author":"DM Rentz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Menopause"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmen.0000244.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12473","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.12473","article-title":"Face name associative memory exam and biomarker status in the ARMADA study: advancing reliable measurement in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and cognitive aging","volume":"15","author":"D Rentz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia (Amsterdam)"},{"key":"pmen.0000244.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2023.108678","article-title":"A novel face-name mnemonic discrimination task with naturalistic stimuli","volume":"189","author":"R Mannion","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"6","key":"pmen.0000244.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2012.666230","article-title":"Validation of the face name associative memory exam in cognitively normal older individuals","volume":"34","author":"RE Amariglio","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Neuropsychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmen.0000244.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1207\/s15326942dn2703_6","article-title":"Understanding the nature of face processing impairment in autism: insights from behavioral and electrophysiological studies","volume":"27","author":"G Dawson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dev Neuropsychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pmen.0000244.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1992.4.2.150","article-title":"Savings in relearning face-name associations as evidence for \u201ccovert recognition\u201d in prosopagnosia","volume":"4","author":"MA Wallace","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"pmen.0000244.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2024.02.006","article-title":"What is developmental about developmental prosopagnosia?","volume":"173","author":"G Epihova","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmen.0000244.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1037\/pag0000217","article-title":"Association between subjective memory assessment and associative memory performance: role of ad risk factors","volume":"33","author":"MM Horn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"issue":"9","key":"pmen.0000244.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.02173","article-title":"Face\u2013Name associative memory performance among cognitively healthy individuals, individuals with subjective memory complaints, and patients with a diagnosis of aMCI","volume":"11","author":"C Kormas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pmen.0000244.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acaa107","article-title":"I know your face but can\u2019t remember your name: age-related differences in the FNAME-12NL","volume":"36","author":"S Enriquez-Geppert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Clin Neuropsychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pmen.0000244.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1080\/13803395.2021.1962252","article-title":"Worse associative memory recall in healthy older adults compared to young ones, a face-name study in Spain and Mexico","volume":"43","author":"JF Flores Vazquez","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Neuropsychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"pmen.0000244.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1037\/neu0000874","article-title":"Extended FNAME performance is preserved in subjective cognitive decline but highly affected in amnestic mild cognitive impairment","volume":"37","author":"JF Flores-V\u00e1zquez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"9","key":"pmen.0000244.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2776","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2011.06.006","article-title":"Face-name associative memory performance is related to amyloid burden in normal elderly","volume":"49","author":"DM Rentz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmen.0000244.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0244962","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244962","article-title":"Feasibility and validation of a web-based platform for the self-administered patient collection of demographics, health status, anxiety, depression, and cognition in community dwelling elderly","volume":"16","author":"M Calamia","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"pmen.0000244.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/85.10.1008","article-title":"Assessing mobility in older adults: the UAB study of aging life-space assessment","volume":"85","author":"C Peel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmen.0000244.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(82)90033-4","article-title":"Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report","volume":"17","author":"JA Yesavage","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"pmen.0000244.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610206003504","article-title":"Development and validation of the geriatric anxiety inventory","volume":"19","author":"NA Pachana","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Psychogeriatr"},{"key":"pmen.0000244.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2016.12.020","article-title":"The impact of level of education on age-related deficits in associative memory: behavioral and neuropsychological perspectives","volume":"91","author":"DJ Peterson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"issue":"60","key":"pmen.0000244.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3021","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.03021","article-title":"Seaborn: statistical data visualization","volume":"6","author":"M Waskom","year":"2021","journal-title":"JOSS"},{"key":"pmen.0000244.ref028","volume-title":"Python 3 reference manual","author":"G Van Rossum","year":"2009"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmen.0000244.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0686-2","article-title":"SciPy 1.0: fundamental algorithms for scientific computing in Python","volume":"17","author":"P Virtanen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"pmen.0000244.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seabold S, Perktold J. statsmodels: Econometric and statistical modeling with python. 9th Python in Science Conference. 2010.","DOI":"10.25080\/Majora-92bf1922-011"},{"key":"pmen.0000244.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McKinney W. Data Structures for Statistical Computing in Python. In: van der WS, Millman J (Editors). Proceedings of the Python in Science Conference. 2010:56\u201361. doi: 10.25080\/majora-92bf1922-00a","DOI":"10.25080\/Majora-92bf1922-00a"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmen.0000244.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1109\/MCSE.2007.55","article-title":"Matplotlib: A 2D graphics environment","volume":"9","author":"JD Hunter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Comput Sci Eng"},{"issue":"31","key":"pmen.0000244.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.21105\/joss.01026","article-title":"Pingouin: statistics in Python","volume":"3","author":"R Vallat","year":"2018","journal-title":"JOSS"},{"issue":"3","key":"pmen.0000244.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.4.3.295","article-title":"Memory of faces: a slow wave ERP study of major depression","volume":"4","author":"CM Deveney","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"issue":"2","key":"pmen.0000244.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2010.11.008","article-title":"Emerging depression is associated with face memory deficits in adolescent girls","volume":"50","author":"A Guyer","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adoles Psychiatry"},{"issue":"7","key":"pmen.0000244.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00311.x","article-title":"Face-memory and emotion: associations with major depression in children and adolescents","volume":"45","author":"DS Pine","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["PLOS Mental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmen.0000244","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T17:29:58Z","timestamp":1742318998000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmen.0000244"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jin Hui","family":"Joo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmen.0000244","relation":{},"ISSN":["2837-8156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2837-8156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]]}}}