{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:50:52Z","timestamp":1792086652309,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosmentalhealth.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLOS Ment Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study examined the cross-sectional associations of self-compassion and psychological distress with mental well-being in a predominantly young student sample and tested whether self-compassion modifies the association between distress and well-being. The dual-continua framework guided the simultaneous consideration of distress and positive mental health. Participants (N\u2009=\u2009278) completed the Self-Compassion Scale\u2013Short Form (SCS-SF), General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), and Warwick\u2013Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS). The principal analysis used mean-centred continuous predictors in hierarchical multiple regression, followed by simple-slopes and Johnson\u2013Neyman analyses. Heteroscedasticity-consistent standard errors and sensitivity analyses were used to examine robustness. Secondary analyses comprised a median-split ANOVA examining categorical main and interaction effects and stratified Spearman correlations estimating the self-compassion\u2013well-being association within distress groups. Higher self-compassion was associated with greater well-being, B\u2009=\u20090.230, 95% CI [0.126, 0.334], p\u2009&lt;\u2009.001, whereas greater distress was associated with lower well-being, B\u2009=\u2009-1.450, 95% CI [-1.685, -1.214], p\u2009&lt;\u2009.001. The continuous interaction was small, B\u2009=\u2009-0.028, 95% CI [-0.055, -0.001], \u0394R\u00b2\u2009=\u2009.008, p\u2009=\u2009.039. The negative coefficient indicated that the positive self-compassion\u2013well-being association weakened as distress increased and ran counter to the hypothesised protective buffering effect. The interaction was also sensitive to influential-case exclusions, alternative GHQ-12 scoring, and bootstrap estimation, while the secondary median-split ANOVA interaction was non-significant, p\u2009=\u2009.875. Higher self-compassion and lower psychological distress were independently associated with greater well-being. The small, specification-sensitive interaction provided no evidence of the hypothesised protective buffering effect. Parallel assessment of distress and well-being is warranted, while causal, clinical, and structural conclusions require longitudinal, experimental, and latent-variable research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmen.0000653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:33:36Z","timestamp":1792085616000},"page":"e0000653","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmen.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Self-compassion, psychological distress, and mental well-being in a predominantly young student sample: Cross-sectional associations and continuous interaction analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4624-1507","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ying","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Strathclyde","place":["Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom"],"department":["Department of Psychological Sciences and 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