{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T13:37:28Z","timestamp":1789911448516,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,14]],"date-time":"2012-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1329177600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,14]],"date-time":"2012-02-14T16:58:33Z","timestamp":1329238713000},"page":"e1525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Actigraphy in Human African Trypanosomiasis as a Tool for Objective Clinical Evaluation and Monitoring: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Alfred K.","family":"Njamnshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul F.","family":"Seke Etet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Perrig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alphonse","family":"Acho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julius Y.","family":"Funsah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dieudonn\u00e9","family":"Mumba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Jacques","family":"Muyembe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krister","family":"Kristensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Bentivoglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-006-0093-3","article-title":"Human African trypanosomiasis \u2013 neurological aspects.","volume":"253","author":"PGE Kennedy","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21429","article-title":"The continuing problem of human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness).","volume":"64","author":"PG Kennedy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60829-1","article-title":"Human African trypanosomiasis.","volume":"375","author":"R Brun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Control and surveillance of African tryapnosomiasis. Report of a WHO Expert Committee.","volume":"881","year":"1998","journal-title":"World Health Organization Technical Report Series"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2005.01403.x","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid in human African trypanosomiasis: a key to diagnosis, therapeutic decision and post-treatment follow-up.","volume":"10","author":"V Lejon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050055","article-title":"Eliminating human African trypanosomiasis: where do we stand and what comes next?","volume":"5","author":"PP Simarro","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"454","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid B lymphocyte identification for diagnosis and follow-up in human African trypanosomiasis in the field.","volume":"15","author":"B Bouteille","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2011.04.005","article-title":"Diagnosis of human sleeping sickness: sense and sensitivity.","volume":"27","author":"SL Wastling","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1086\/588668","article-title":"Novel markers for treatment outcome in late-stage <italic>Trypanosoma brucei gambiense<\/italic> trypanosomiasis.","volume":"47","author":"V Lejon","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1556","DOI":"10.1086\/644597","article-title":"Expression and role of CXCL10 during the encephalitic stage of experimental and clinical African trypanosomiasis.","volume":"200","author":"DN Amin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infec Dis"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0770","article-title":"Identification of stage biomarkers for human African trypanosomiasis.","volume":"82","author":"D Amin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e459","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000459","article-title":"A combined CXCL10, CXCL8 and H-FABP panel for the staging of human African trypanosomiasis patients.","volume":"3","author":"A Hainard","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2010.02642.x","article-title":"Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and intercellular adhesion molecule I are powerful staging markers for human African trypanosomiasis.","volume":"16","author":"A Hainard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1053\/smrv.2000.0130","article-title":"The duality of sleeping sickness: Focusing on sleep.","volume":"5","author":"A Buguet","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2004.10.001","article-title":"Sleep structure: a new diagnostic tool for stage determination in sleeping sickness.","volume":"93","author":"A Buguet","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Tropica"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"La recherche sur la maladie du sommeil (trypanosomose humaine africaine) en Republique du Congo de 2004 \u00e0 2009","author":"A Buguet","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2005.08.001","article-title":"Clinical aspects of 2541 patients with second stage human African trypanosomiasis.","volume":"97","author":"J Blum","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Tropica"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2009.12.001","article-title":"African trypanosome infections of the nervous system: parasite entry and effects on neuronal functions.","volume":"91","author":"K Kristensson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Progr Neurobiol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2011.03.002","article-title":"Polysomnography as a diagnosis and post-treatment follow-up tool in human African trypanosomiasis: a case study in an infant.","volume":"305","author":"G Mpandzou","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2869.1999.00160.x","article-title":"Reversal of the sleep\/wake cycle disorder of sleeping sickness after tryponosomicide treatment.","volume":"8","author":"A Buguet","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/26.3.342","article-title":"The role of actigraphy in the study of sleep and circadian rhythms.","volume":"28","author":"S Ancoli-Israel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/26.1.81","article-title":"Further validation of actigraphy for sleep studies.","volume":"26","author":"L de Souza","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.4.519","article-title":"Practice parameters for the use of actigraphy in the assessment of sleep and sleep disorders: an update for 2007.","volume":"30","author":"T Morgenthaler","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1460","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.11.1460","article-title":"Circadian rhythm sleep disorders: Part 1, Basic principles, shift work and jet lag disorders.","volume":"30","author":"RL Sack","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/30.11.1484","article-title":"Circadian rhythm sleep disorders: Part 2, Advanced sleep phase disorder, delayed sleep phase disorder, free-running disorder, and irregular sleep-wake rhythm.","volume":"30","author":"RL Sack","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1237123","article-title":"The use of sleep studies in neurologic practice.","volume":"29","author":"CJ Bae","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Neurol"},{"key":"ref27","article-title":"Comparison of actigraphy with polysomnography and sleep logs in depressed insomniacs.","author":"C McCall","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Sleep quality in Parkinson disease. An examination of clinical variable.","author":"K Stavitsky","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cogn Behav Neurol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.27.1.26","article-title":"Children&apos;s objective and subjective sleep disruptions: links with afternoon cortisol levels.","volume":"27","author":"M El-Sheikh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Health Psychol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.1.133-146.2005","article-title":"Options for field diagnosis of human African trypanosomiasis.","volume":"18","author":"F Chappuis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182010000211","article-title":"Emerging trends in the diagnosis of human African trypanosomiasis.","volume":"137","author":"M Radwanska","year":"2010","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"Monitoring brain invasion by African trypanosomes.","author":"M Bentivoglio","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-072X-9-57","article-title":"The atlas of human African trypanosomiasis: a contribution to global mapping of neglected tropical diseases.","volume":"9","author":"PP Simarro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Health Geogr"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1007","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001007","article-title":"The human African trypanosomiasis control and surveillance programme of the World Health Organization 2000\u20132009: The way forward.","volume":"5","author":"PP Simarro","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1246","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001246","article-title":"Prevalence of human African trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of Congo.","volume":"5","author":"D Mumba","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1053\/smrv.2001.0182","article-title":"The role of actigraphy in sleep medicine.","volume":"6","author":"A Sadeh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"ref37","first-page":"305","article-title":"Methods for cosinor-rhythmometry.","volume":"6","author":"W Nelson","year":"1979","journal-title":"Chronobiology"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153s","DOI":"10.1016\/S0753-3322(01)90022-8","article-title":"Chronomics.","volume":"55","author":"FE Halberg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/S1055-3290(06)60154-4","article-title":"The influence of sleep and activity patterns on fatigue in women with HIV\/AIDS.","volume":"12","author":"KA Lee","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NNR.0000313501.84604.2c","article-title":"Sleep disturbances in women with HIV or AIDS: efficacy of a tailored sleep promotion intervention.","volume":"57","author":"AL Hudson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nurs Res"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2007.09.004","article-title":"Neural-immune interactions in disorders of sleep-wakefulness organization.","volume":"30","author":"M Bentivoglio","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2010.09.008","article-title":"Neuroinflammation and brain infections: historical context and current perspectives.","volume":"66","author":"M Bentivoglio","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Res Rev"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-2000","article-title":"Elevated serum cytokines correlated with altered behaviour, serum cortisol rhythm, and dampened 24-hour rest-activity patterns in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.","volume":"11","author":"T Rich","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1177\/1099800406298168","article-title":"Cytokines in chronically critically ill patients after activity and rest.","volume":"8","author":"C Winkelman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol Res Nurs"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2869.2007.00593.x","article-title":"The association between children&apos;s sleep disruption and salivary interleukin-6.","volume":"16","author":"M El-Sheikh","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"}],"container-title":["PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001525","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]],"date-time":"2018-10-23T20:09:14Z","timestamp":1540325354000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001525"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Philippe","family":"B\u00fcscher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,14]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001525","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,14]]}}}