{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T01:45:44Z","timestamp":1780105544685,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,10]],"date-time":"2012-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1334016000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,10]],"date-time":"2012-04-10T21:01:47Z","timestamp":1334091707000},"page":"e1566","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Higher Expression of CCL2, CCL4, CCL5, CCL21, and CXCL8 Chemokines in the Skin Associated with Parasite Density in Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Menezes-Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Guerra-S\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia Martins","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Vitoriano-Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo Cordeiro","family":"Giunchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9a","family":"Teixeira-Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Silveira-Lemos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guilherme Corr\u00eaa","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Corr\u00eaa-Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre Barbosa","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2004.03.004","article-title":"Leishmaniasis: current situation and new perspectives.","volume":"27","author":"P Desjeux","year":"2004","journal-title":"Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1995.52.287","article-title":"Control of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis: is it time to change strategies?","volume":"52","author":"RB Tesh","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.2307\/3283159","article-title":"Canine leishmaniasis: pathological and ecological factors influencing transmission of infection.","volume":"77","author":"P Abranches","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2006.06.005","article-title":"Relationship between canine visceral leishmaniosis and the Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi burden in dermal inflammatory foci.","volume":"135","author":"RC Giunchetti","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2004.08.010","article-title":"Semi-quantitative analysis of cytokine expression in asymptomatic canine leishmaniasis.","volume":"103","author":"C Chamizo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2005.09.011","article-title":"Parasite density and impaired biochemical\/hematological status are associated with severe clinical aspects of canine visceral leishmaniasis.","volume":"81","author":"AB Reis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03206.x","article-title":"Phenotypic features of circulating leucocytes as immunological markers for clinical status and bone marrow parasite density in dogs naturally infected by Leishmania chagasi.","volume":"146","author":"AB Reis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2006.02.001","article-title":"Isotype patterns of immunoglobulins: hallmarks for clinical status and tissue parasite density in Brazilian dogs naturally infected by Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi.","volume":"112","author":"AB Reis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2006.10.001","article-title":"Analysis of the cytokine profile in spleen cells from dogs naturally infected by Leishmania chagasi.","volume":"115","author":"RS Lage","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2007.07.009","article-title":"Histopathology, parasite density and cell phenotypes of the popliteal lymph node in canine visceral leishmaniasis.","volume":"121","author":"RC Giunchetti","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2007.04.020","article-title":"Histopathological and immunohistochemical investigations of the hepatic compartment associated with parasitism and serum biochemical changes in canine visceral leishmaniasis.","volume":"84","author":"RC Giunchetti","year":"2008","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2008.11.020","article-title":"Expression of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-10 and TGF-beta in lymph nodes associates with parasite load and clinical form of disease in dogs naturally infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi.","volume":"128","author":"CF Alves","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2008.10.310","article-title":"Cytokine profiles in canine visceral leishmaniasis.","volume":"128","author":"E Carrillo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-008-1237-4","article-title":"Evaluation of the influence of tissue parasite density on hematological and phenotypic cellular parameters of circulating leukocytes and splenocytes during ongoing canine visceral leishmaniasis.","volume":"104","author":"LL Guerra","year":"2009","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2008.12.009","article-title":"Evidence for a relationship between Leishmania load and clinical manifestations.","volume":"87","author":"L Manna","year":"2009","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetimm.2008.10.307","article-title":"Systemic and compartmentalized immune response in canine visceral leishmaniasis.","volume":"128","author":"AB Reis","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2010.11.025","article-title":"Cytokine and transcription factor profiles in the skin of dogs naturally infected by Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi presenting distinct cutaneous parasite density and clinical status.","volume":"177","author":"D Menezes-Souza","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2008.04.001","article-title":"Canine leishmaniosis - new concepts and insights on an expanding zoonosis: part one.","volume":"24","author":"G Baneth","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-003-1016-1","article-title":"Association between skin parasitism and a granulomatous inflammatory pattern in canine visceral leishmaniosis.","volume":"92","author":"WL dos-Santos","year":"2004","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9975(03)00063-X","article-title":"Histological and immunohistochemical study of clinically normal skin of Leishmania infantum-infected dogs.","volume":"130","author":"L Solano-Gallego","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2009.10.005","article-title":"Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum\/chagasi: Histopathological aspects of the skin in naturally infected dogs in two endemic areas.","volume":"124","author":"KS Calabrese","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.08.023","article-title":"Evaluation of transformation growth factor beta1, interleukin-10, and interferon-gamma in male symptomatic and asymptomatic dogs naturally infected by Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi.","volume":"143","author":"AP Correa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182009006155","article-title":"Cytokine expression in dogs with natural Leishmania infantum infection.","volume":"136","author":"MA Panaro","year":"2009","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2007015","article-title":"Splenic immune responses during canine visceral leishmaniasis.","volume":"38","author":"D Strauss-Ayali","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(88)90510-X","article-title":"Studies on canine leishmaniasis control. 1. Evolution of infection of different clinical forms of canine leishmaniasis following antimonial treatment.","volume":"82","author":"F Mancianti","year":"1988","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2008.112797","article-title":"The MIQE guidelines: minimum information for publication of quantitative real-time PCR experiments.","volume":"55","author":"SA Bustin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.18.1.593","article-title":"The role of chemokine receptors in primary, effector, and memory immune responses.","volume":"18","author":"F Sallusto","year":"2000","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2003.1594","article-title":"Chemokines: roles in leukocyte development, trafficking, and effector function.","volume":"111","author":"SJ Ono","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/173.3.699","article-title":"Differential expression of chemokines in patients with localized and diffuse cutaneous American leishmaniasis.","volume":"173","author":"U Ritter","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5998","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.11.5998","article-title":"Differential expression and regulation of toll-like receptors (TLR) in human leukocytes: selective expression of TLR3 in dendritic cells.","volume":"164","author":"M Muzio","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6181","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.092141999","article-title":"MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, RANTES, and ATAC\/lymphotactin function together with IFN-gamma as type 1 cytokines.","volume":"99","author":"BG Dorner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4278","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.8.4278-4288.2003","article-title":"Impaired expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines at early stages of infection with Leishmania amazonensis.","volume":"71","author":"J Ji","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s102380200017","article-title":"Macrophage chemotactic protein-1 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha induce nitric oxide release and enhance parasite killing in Leishmania infantum-infected human macrophages.","volume":"2","author":"O Brandonisio","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1086\/340820","article-title":"Chemokine-induced leishmanicidal activity in murine macrophages via the generation of nitric oxide.","volume":"185","author":"S Bhattacharyya","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2005.02.010","article-title":"CCL19 and CCL21 induce a potent proinflammatory differentiation program in licensed dendritic cells.","volume":"22","author":"BJ Marsland","year":"2005","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4815","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.8.4815","article-title":"Localization of marginal zone macrophages is regulated by C-C chemokine ligands 21\/19.","volume":"173","author":"M Ato","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5486","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.9.5486","article-title":"Loss of dendritic cell migration and impaired resistance to Leishmania donovani infection in mice deficient in CCL19 and CCL21.","volume":"176","author":"M Ato","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2242","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.61.5.2242-2244.1993","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis in mast cell-deficient W\/Wv mice.","volume":"61","author":"K Katakura","year":"1993","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4563","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.9.4563","article-title":"Mast cells augment lesion size and persistence during experimental Leishmania major infection in the mouse.","volume":"152","author":"BK Wershil","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2460","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-5860com","article-title":"Skin mast cells control T cell-dependent host defense in Leishmania major infections.","volume":"20","author":"M Maurer","year":"2006","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.180.6.2027","article-title":"Promotion of mouse fibroblast collagen gene expression by mast cells stimulated via the Fc epsilon RI. Role for mast cell-derived transforming growth factor beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha.","volume":"180","author":"JR Gordon","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.1996.d01-664.x","article-title":"Rat bone marrow-derived mast cells co-cultured with 3T3 fibroblasts in the absence of T-cell derived cytokines require stem cell factor for their survival and maintain their mucosal mast cell-like phenotype.","volume":"88","author":"AJ MacDonald","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2003.05090.x","article-title":"Pattern analysis of human cutaneous mast cell populations by total body surface mapping.","volume":"148","author":"A Weber","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23357","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M309283200","article-title":"Eotaxin-3\/CCL26 is a natural antagonist for CC chemokine receptors 1 and 5. A human chemokine with a regulatory role.","volume":"279","author":"V Petkovic","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1987.11812179","article-title":"Interaction of human eosinophils with Leishmania donovani.","volume":"81","author":"RD Pearson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761997000800034","article-title":"Nitric oxide mediates the microbicidal activity of eosinophils.","volume":"92","author":"SH Oliveira","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1089\/1044549041474805","article-title":"IL-5-Induced Eosinophils Suppress the Growth of Leishmania amazonensis In Vivo and Kill Promastigotes In Vitro in Response to Either IL-4 or IFN-gamma.","volume":"23","author":"Y Watanabe","year":"2004","journal-title":"DNA Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023090929302","article-title":"Distribution and relationships between clinical and biopathological parameters in canine leishmaniasis.","volume":"18","author":"I Amusategui","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4177","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.70.8.4177-4184.2002","article-title":"Leishmania promastigotes release a granulocyte chemotactic factor and induce interleukin-8 release but inhibit gamma interferon-inducible protein 10 production by neutrophil granulocytes.","volume":"70","author":"G van Zandbergen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6521","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.11.6521","article-title":"Cutting edge: neutrophil granulocyte serves as a vector for Leishmania entry into macrophages.","volume":"173","author":"G van Zandbergen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1159194","article-title":"In vivo imaging reveals an essential role for neutrophils in leishmaniasis transmitted by sand flies.","volume":"321","author":"NC Peters","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2010.09.002","article-title":"Chemokines and chemokine receptors coordinate the inflammatory immune response in human cutaneous leishmaniasis.","volume":"71","author":"AP Campanelli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Human Immunology"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1521-4141(199901)29:01<203::AID-IMMU203>3.0.CO;2-B","article-title":"Leishmania donovani infection initiates T cell-independent chemokine responses, which are subsequently amplified in a T cell-dependent manner.","volume":"29","author":"SE Cotterell","year":"1999","journal-title":"European Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2010.11.005","article-title":"Activity and turnover of eosinophil and neutrophil granulocytes are altered in visceral leishmaniasis.","volume":"41","author":"AI Elshafie","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal for Parasitology"},{"key":"ref55","first-page":"340","article-title":"Sustained parasite burden in the spleen of Leishmania infantum-infected BALB\/c mice is accompanied by expression of MCP-1 transcripts and lack of protection against challenge.","volume":"12","author":"D Rousseau","year":"2001","journal-title":"European Cytokine Network"}],"container-title":["PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001566","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,21]],"date-time":"2023-06-21T22:37:55Z","timestamp":1687387075000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001566"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Hechmi","family":"Louzir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,10]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001566","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,10]]}}}