{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T11:03:55Z","timestamp":1767179035942,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]],"date-time":"2013-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371081600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]],"date-time":"2013-06-13T16:48:27Z","timestamp":1371142107000},"page":"e2115","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Mass Treatment with Azithromycin for Trachoma: When Is One Round Enough? Results from the PRET Trial in The Gambia"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Emma M.","family":"Harding-Esch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ansumana","family":"Sillah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tansy","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Burr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Joof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mass","family":"Laye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pateh","family":"Makalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Manjang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isatou","family":"Sarr-Sissoho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas C.","family":"Quinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Lietman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin J.","family":"Holland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Mabey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheila K.","family":"West","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Partnership for Rapid Elimination of Trachoma (PRET) study group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"614","article-title":"Global estimates of visual impairment: 2010","volume":"65","author":"D Pascolini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"161","article-title":"Global WHO Alliance for the Elimination of Blinding Trachoma by 2020 Progress report on eliminationof trachoma, 2010","volume":"87","year":"2012","journal-title":"Weekly Epidemiological Record"},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"WHO (1998) World Health Assembly Resolution 51.11. Geneva: WHO."},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"WHO (2006) Trachoma control - a guide for programme managers. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"ITI (2012) ITI- Fighting Blinding Trachoma <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/trachoma.org\/iti-fighting-blinding-trachoma\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/trachoma.org\/iti-fighting-blinding-trachoma<\/ext-link>."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.82.8.930","article-title":"Trachoma in The Gambia","volume":"82","author":"PJ Dolin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e573","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000573","article-title":"Active trachoma and ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection in two Gambian regions: on course for elimination by 2020?","volume":"3","author":"EM Harding-Esch","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"Sillah A (2006) The Department of State for Health and Social Welfare, The Gambian National Plan for Trachoma Control with Azithromycin."},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"461","article-title":"Reliability of clinical diagnosis in identifying infectious trachoma in a low-prevalence area of Nepal","volume":"77","author":"K Baral","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"194","article-title":"Comparison of two azithromycin distribution strategies for controlling trachoma in Nepal","volume":"79","author":"SO Holm","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4215","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.03-0107","article-title":"Which members of a community need antibiotics to control trachoma? Conjunctival Chlamydia trachomatis infection load in Gambian villages","volume":"44","author":"MJ Burton","year":"2003","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1080\/09286580490514577","article-title":"How reliable is the clinical exam in detecting ocular chlamydial infection?","volume":"11","author":"K Miller","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc0706263","article-title":"Two doses of azithromycin to eliminate trachoma in a Tanzanian community","volume":"358","author":"AW Solomon","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.04.022","article-title":"Risk factors for active trachoma in The Gambia","volume":"102","author":"EM Harding-Esch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.11.023","article-title":"Evaluation of three years of the SAFE strategy (Surgery, Antibiotics, Facial cleanliness and Environmental improvement) for trachoma control in five districts of Ethiopia hyperendemic for trachoma","volume":"103","author":"J Ngondi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e835","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000835","article-title":"Profound and sustained reduction in Chlamydia trachomatis in The Gambia: a five-year longitudinal study of trachoma endemic communities","volume":"4","author":"MJ Burton","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1962","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040979","article-title":"Mass treatment with single-dose azithromycin for trachoma","volume":"351","author":"AW Solomon","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.3109\/09286586.2010.545500","article-title":"Design and Baseline Data of a Randomized Trial to Evaluate Coverage and Frequency of Mass Treatment with Azithromycin: The Partnership for Rapid Elimination of Trachoma (PRET) in Tanzania and The Gambia","volume":"18","author":"D Stare","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e861","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000861","article-title":"Trachoma Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors in The Gambia and Tanzania: Baseline Results of a Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial","volume":"4","author":"E Harding-Esch","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"477","article-title":"A simple system for the assessment of trachoma and its complications","volume":"65","author":"B Thylefors","year":"1987","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13909-8","article-title":"Strategies for control of trachoma: observational study with quantitative PCR","volume":"362","author":"AW Solomon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/37.1-2.17","article-title":"Notes on Continuous Stochastic Phenomena","volume":"37","author":"PAP Moran","year":"1950","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-4632.2001.tb00434.x","article-title":"An Approximation for the Rank Adjacency Statistic for Spatial Clustering with Sparse Data","volume":"33","author":"JP Ekwaru","year":"2001","journal-title":"Geographical Analysis"},{"key":"ref24","unstructured":"Zhaoxia Z. Personal communication."},{"key":"ref25","unstructured":"West S. Personal communication."},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6012","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.11-7326","article-title":"What is causing active trachoma? The role of nonchlamydial bacterial pathogens in a low prevalence setting","volume":"52","author":"MJ Burton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)61029-X","article-title":"Re-emergence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection after mass antibiotic treatment of a trachoma-endemic Gambian community: a longitudinal study","volume":"365","author":"MJ Burton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01513-1","article-title":"The endemic treponematoses","volume":"4","author":"GM Antal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1234","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001234","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of a prototype point-of-care test for ocular Chlamydia trachomatis under field conditions in The Gambia and Senegal","volume":"5","author":"EM Harding-Esch","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68695-9","article-title":"Field evaluation of a rapid point-of-care assay for targeting antibiotic treatment for trachoma control: a comparative study","volume":"367","author":"CE Michel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e29550","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029550","article-title":"Surveillance for malaria elimination in swaziland: a national cross-sectional study using pooled PCR and serology","volume":"7","author":"MS Hsiang","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e507","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000507","article-title":"Importance of Coverage and Endemicity on the Return of Infectious Trachoma after a Single Mass Antibiotic Distribution","volume":"3","author":"T Lakew","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67529-0","article-title":"Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis after mass treatment of a trachoma hyperendemic community in Tanzania: a longitudinal study","volume":"366","author":"SK West","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e838","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000838","article-title":"Mass treatment with azithromycin for trachoma control: participation clusters in households","volume":"4","author":"EN Ssemanda","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref35","unstructured":"(2012) The Trachoma Atlas. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.trachomaatlas.org\" xlink:type=\"simple\">www.trachomaatlas.org<\/ext-link> Accessed 9\/3\/2012."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e973","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000973","article-title":"Mapping the global distribution of trachoma: why an updated atlas is needed","volume":"5","author":"JL Smith","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/annotation\/0bae8b34-5ae7-4044-a071-8d88d520a01b","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]],"date-time":"2013-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371168000000}}],"container-title":["PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002115","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]],"date-time":"2018-10-23T00:14:34Z","timestamp":1540253674000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002115"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Vinetz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002115","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]]}}}