{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T18:25:17Z","timestamp":1791397517857,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,21]],"date-time":"2013-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1384992000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,21]],"date-time":"2013-11-21T22:24:18Z","timestamp":1385072658000},"page":"e2560","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Recent Emergence and Spread of an Arctic-Related Phylogenetic Lineage of Rabies Virus in Nepal"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Ganesh R.","family":"Pant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Lavenir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank Y. K.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Certoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florence","family":"Larrous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dwij R.","family":"Bhatta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herv\u00e9","family":"Bourhy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vittoria","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Dacheux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"Andrew MQ, King EL, Michael J Adams and Eric B Carstens (2011) Virus Taxonomy. London: Elsevier\/Academic Press. 696 p."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1080\/10408410701647602","article-title":"Lyssaviruses","volume":"33","author":"LH Nel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crit Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.2174\/187152611795768079","article-title":"Human rabies encephalitis prevention and treatment: progress since Pasteur&apos;s discovery","volume":"11","author":"L Dacheux","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect Disord Drug Targets"},{"key":"ref4","first-page":"360","article-title":"Re-evaluating the burden of rabies in Africa and Asia","volume":"83","author":"DL Knobel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2673","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.2008\/003913-0","article-title":"The origin and phylogeography of dog rabies virus","volume":"89","author":"H Bourhy","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-80-10-2545","article-title":"Ecology and evolution of rabies virus in Europe","volume":"80","author":"H Bourhy","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001166","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001166","article-title":"Phylodynamics and human-mediated dispersal of a zoonotic virus","volume":"6","author":"C Talbi","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e511","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000511","article-title":"Rabies situation in Cambodia","volume":"3","author":"S Ly","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1847","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001847","article-title":"Deaths from Symptomatically Identifiable Furious Rabies in India: A Nationally Representative Mortality Survey","volume":"6","author":"W Suraweera","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"Anonymous (2011) Annual Progressive Report (2010\/2011). Kathmandu: Central Veterinary Laboratory. 13 p."},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"39","article-title":"Rabies: Dangerous Fatal Disease","volume":"9","author":"GR Pant","year":"2010","journal-title":"Veterinary Quarterly Bulletin Nepal Veterinary Association"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"Anonymous (2010) Annual Epidemiological Bulletin. Kathmandu: Veterinary Epidemiology Center, Directorate of Animal Health. 134 p."},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"73","article-title":"Laboratory techniques in rabies: the fluorescent antibody test","author":"DJ Dean","year":"1973","journal-title":"Monogr Ser World Health Organ"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-010-0868-9","article-title":"Characterization of rabies virus from a human case in Nepal","volume":"156","author":"GR Pant","year":"2011","journal-title":"Archives of Virology"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2057","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002057","article-title":"Genomic diversity and evolution of the lyssaviruses","volume":"3","author":"O Delmas","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.007765-0","article-title":"Evolutionary history and dynamics of dog rabies virus in western and central Africa","volume":"90","author":"C Talbi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1993.1236","article-title":"Molecular diversity of the Lyssavirus genus","volume":"194","author":"H Bourhy","year":"1993","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2006.10.011","article-title":"A molecular epidemiological study targeting the glycoprotein gene of rabies virus isolates from China","volume":"124","author":"S-L Meng","year":"2007","journal-title":"Virus Research"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2006.05.010","article-title":"Molecular characterization of rabies virus isolates in China during 2004","volume":"121","author":"YZ Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2947","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btm404","article-title":"Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0","volume":"23","author":"MA Larkin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"Zwickl DJ (2006) Genetic algorithm approaches for the phylogenetic analysis of large biological sequence datasets under the maximum likelihood criterion. Austin: University of Texas. 115 p."},{"key":"ref22","unstructured":"Swofford DL (2003) PAUP*: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods). Version 4. Sinauer Associates. Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA."},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/14.9.817","article-title":"MODELTEST: testing the model of DNA substitution","volume":"14","author":"D Posada","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-7-214","article-title":"BEAST: Bayesian evolutionary analysis by sampling trees","volume":"7","author":"AJ Drummond","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Evol Biol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026880700903X","article-title":"Arctic and Arctic-like rabies viruses: distribution, phylogeny and evolutionary history","volume":"136","author":"IV Kuzmin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2011.10.026","article-title":"Recent emergence of the Arctic rabies virus lineage","volume":"163","author":"SA Nadin-Davis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2005.08.007","article-title":"Molecular epidemiological study of Arctic rabies virus isolates from Greenland and comparison with isolates from throughout the Arctic and Baltic regions","volume":"116","author":"KL Mansfield","year":"2006","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026880300863X","article-title":"Molecular and antigenic characterization of rabies viruses from Iran identifies variants with distinct epidemiological origins","volume":"131","author":"SA Nadin-Davis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"327","article-title":"Characterization of Sri Lanka rabies virus isolates using nucleotide sequence analysis of nucleoprotein gene","volume":"45","author":"YT Arai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"47","article-title":"Characterization of nucleoprotein gene sequence of an Indian isolate of rabies virus","volume":"48","author":"R Jayakumar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Virol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-010-0905-8","article-title":"Whole-genome analysis of a human rabies virus from Sri Lanka","volume":"156","author":"T Matsumoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Archives of Virology"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2009.04.004","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis of nucleoprotein gene of dog rabies virus isolates from Southern India","volume":"9","author":"T Nagarajan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infection, Genetics and Evolution"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0903.020545","article-title":"Rabies in Sri Lanka: splendid isolation","volume":"9","author":"S Nanayakkara","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8096","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.17.8096-8104.2001","article-title":"Host Switching in Lyssavirus History from the Chiroptera to the Carnivora Orders","volume":"75","author":"H Badrane","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Virology"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1301.060702","article-title":"Emergence of Arctic-like rabies lineage in India","volume":"13","author":"SA Nadin-Davis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1812.120061","article-title":"Arctic-like rabies virus, Bangladesh","volume":"18","author":"KM Jamil","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268810002682","article-title":"Rabies virus strains circulating in Bhutan: implications for control","volume":"139","author":"S Tenzin, Wacharapluesadee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-011-0601-0","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Indian rabies virus isolates by partial sequencing of nucleoprotein (N) and phosphoprotein (P) genes","volume":"43","author":"GB Reddy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-5-52","article-title":"Transmission dynamics of rabies virus in Thailand: implications for disease control","volume":"5","author":"J Denduangboripant","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2008.03.001","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of rabies in Indonesia","volume":"135","author":"H Susetya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1388","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001388","article-title":"The blueprint for rabies prevention and control: a novel operational toolkit for rabies elimination","volume":"6","author":"T Lembo","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923149","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/923149","article-title":"Renewed global partnerships and redesigned roadmaps for rabies prevention and control","volume":"2011","author":"T Lembo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Med Int"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2012.01489.x","article-title":"Review of rabies epidemiology and control in South, South East and East Asia: past, present and prospects for elimination","volume":"59","author":"MP Tenzin, Ward","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2009.06.030","article-title":"The fight against rabies in Africa: From recognition to action","volume":"27","author":"B Dodet","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.03.037","article-title":"Rabies human diploid cell vaccine elicits cross-neutralising and cross-protecting immune responses against European and Australian bat lyssaviruses","volume":"23","author":"SM Brookes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4957","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.69.8.4957-4962.1995","article-title":"Cross-protection of mice against a global spectrum of rabies virus variants","volume":"69","author":"DL Lodmell","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7993","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0700741104","article-title":"A high-resolution genetic signature of demographic and spatial expansion in epizootic rabies virus","volume":"104","author":"R Biek","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref48","first-page":"1","article-title":"Integrating the landscape epidemiology and genetics of RNA viruses: rabies in domestic dogs as a model","author":"K Brunker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2010.06.014","article-title":"Transmission dynamics of rabies in China over the last 40 years: 1969\u20132009","volume":"49","author":"S Meng","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"ref50","article-title":"The epidemiological trend of animal rabies in Nepal and future control strategy","volume":"8","author":"GN Gongal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of the Association for Prevention and Control of Rabies in India"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2807\/esm.10.11.00574-en","article-title":"Rabies remains a \u2018neglected disease\u2019","volume":"10","author":"AR Fooks","year":"2005","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e765","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000765","article-title":"More accurate insight into the incidence of human rabies in developing countries through validated laboratory techniques","volume":"4","author":"L Dacheux","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.63.358","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of rabies virus in Mongolia, 2005\u20132008","volume":"63","author":"B Boldbaatar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Jpn J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2005.06.004","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of rabies virus isolates from South Korea","volume":"114","author":"BH Hyun","year":"2005","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-40.4.617","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology of terrestrial rabies in the former Soviet Union","volume":"40","author":"IV Kuzmin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-005-6777-4","article-title":"Genetic characterization of rabies virus isolates in Korea","volume":"30","author":"YJ Park","year":"2005","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268810001263","article-title":"Genetic evidence for domestic raccoon dog rabies caused by Arctic-like rabies virus in Inner Mongolia, China","volume":"139","author":"XQ Shao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"}],"container-title":["PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002560","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,8]],"date-time":"2023-07-08T08:54:20Z","timestamp":1688806460000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002560"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Claudia","family":"Munoz-Zanzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,21]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002560","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,21]]}}}