{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T09:05:32Z","timestamp":1785315932300,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,13]],"date-time":"2014-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1392249600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,13]],"date-time":"2014-02-13T21:57:08Z","timestamp":1392328628000},"page":"e2706","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Serological Evidence of Widespread Circulation of West Nile Virus and Other Flaviviruses in Equines of the Pantanal, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Alex","family":"Pauvolid-Corr\u00eaa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zilca","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Juliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Velez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita Maria Ribeiro","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Komar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1590\/S1020-49892007001000009","article-title":"Dengue viruses in Brazil, 1986\u20132006","volume":"22","author":"RMR Nogueira","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev Panam Salud Publica"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trt014","article-title":"Demographic profile of sylvatic yellow fever (SYF) in Brazil from 1973 to 2008","volume":"107","author":"FP C\u00e2mara","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"415","article-title":"Encefalite humana prim\u00e1ria epid\u00eamica por arbov\u00edrus observada no litoral sul do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","volume":"22","author":"AC Tiriba","year":"1976","journal-title":"Rev Assoc Med Bras"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1301.060905","article-title":"<italic>Saint Louis encephalitis virus<\/italic>, Brazil","volume":"13","author":"A Mondini","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(71)90179-9","article-title":"The first isolation of Bussuquara virus from man","volume":"65","author":"S Srihongse","year":"1971","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1159\/000150554","article-title":"Human disease caused by an arbovirus closely related to Ilheus virus: Report of five cases","volume":"40","author":"ES Nassar","year":"1997","journal-title":"Intervirology"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822011000400028","article-title":"Notification of the first isolation of Cacipacore virus in a human in the State of Rond\u00f4nia, Brazil","volume":"44","author":"WC Batista","year":"2011","journal-title":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.21010","article-title":"Yellow fever outbreak affecting <italic>Alouatta<\/italic> populations in southern Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul State), 2008\u20132009","volume":"74","author":"MA de Almeida","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Primatol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.49.6.975","article-title":"Studies on South American yellow fever: I. The strains of virus in use at the yellow fever laboratory in Bahia, Brazil","volume":"49","author":"NC Davis","year":"1929","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.55.1.61","article-title":"The virus of Ilh\u00e9us encephalitis","volume":"55","author":"HW Laemmert","year":"1947","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-101-24909","article-title":"Bussuquara; a new arthropod-borne virus","volume":"101","author":"G Gomes","year":"1959","journal-title":"Proc Soc Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1964.13.449","article-title":"Isolation of St. Louis encephalitis virus from arthropods in Par\u00e1, Brazil","volume":"13","author":"OR Causey","year":"1964","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112563","article-title":"Emergence of a new arbovirus disease in Brazil. I. Isolation and characterization of the etiologic agent, Rocio virus","volume":"107","author":"OS Lopes","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Karabatsos N (1985) International catalogue of arboviruses including certain other viruses of vertebrates. 3 ed. San Antonio: American Society of Tropical Medicine &amp; Hygiene. 1147 p."},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"53","article-title":"Surto de dengue em Boa Vista, Roraima: Nota previa","volume":"25","author":"CH Osanai","year":"1983","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761990000200022","article-title":"Isolation of dengue virus type 2 in Rio de Janeiro","volume":"85","author":"RMR Nogueira","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1159\/000150333","article-title":"Iguape: a newly recognized flavivirus from S\u00e3o Paulo State, Brazil","volume":"36","author":"TL Coimbra","year":"1993","journal-title":"Intervirology"},{"key":"ref18","article-title":"Estudo eco-epidemiol\u00f3gico na \u00e1rea do projeto salobo, marab\u00e1-par\u00e1: isolamento e identifica\u00e7\u00e3o de amostras de arbov\u00edrus","author":"SG Rodrigues","year":"2004","journal-title":"III Simp\u00f3sio internacional sobre arbov\u00edrus dos tr\u00f3picos e febres hemorr\u00e1gicas, Bel\u00e9m"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762001000700007","article-title":"Dengue type 3 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil","volume":"96","author":"RMR Nogueira","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1159\/000337166","article-title":"First identification of Culex flavivirus (Flaviviridae) in Brazil","volume":"55","author":"DC Machado","year":"2012","journal-title":"Intervirology"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762011000400014","article-title":"Neutralising antibodies for West Nile virus in horses from Brazilian Pantanal","volume":"106","author":"A Pauvolid-Corr\u00eaa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1590\/S1519-69842011000200013","article-title":"Concluding remarks: overall impacts on biodiversity and future perspectives for conservation in the Pantanal biome","volume":"71","author":"CJR Alho","year":"2011","journal-title":"Braz J Biol"},{"key":"ref23","unstructured":"Alho CJR. (2005) The Pantanal. In: Fraser LH, Keddy PA, eds. The world&apos;s largest wetlands: ecology and conservation. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp.203\u2013271."},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46651993000400009","article-title":"Circulation of eastern equine encephalitis, western equine encephalitis, ilheus, maguari and tacaiuma viruses in equines of the Brazilian Pantanal, South America","volume":"35","author":"LB Iversson","year":"1993","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762010000600017","article-title":"Serologic evidence of the recent circulation of Saint Louis encephalitis virus and high prevalence of equine encephalitis viruses in horses in the Nhecol\u00e2ndia sub-region in South Pantanal, Central-West Brazil","volume":"105","author":"A Pauvolid-Corr\u00eaa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762012000800020","article-title":"Serological detection of West Nile virus in horses and chicken from Pantanal, Brazil","volume":"107","author":"V Melandri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-0276130052","article-title":"Serologic survey of West Nile virus in horses from Central-West, Northeast and Southeast Brazil","volume":"108","author":"JR Silva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trt081","article-title":"West Nile virus surveillance, Brazil, 2008\u20132010","volume":"107","author":"T Ometto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"783","article-title":"Technics for blood collection and intravascular infusion of reptiles","volume":"25","author":"GA Olson","year":"1975","journal-title":"Lab Anim Sci"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2676","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.6.2676-2679.2003","article-title":"Epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of West Nile virus antibodies in domestic mammals","volume":"41","author":"BJ Blitvich","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.99.2.285","article-title":"A plaque reduction test for dengue virus neutralizing antibodies","volume":"99","author":"PK Russell","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-70-1-37","article-title":"Antigenic relationships between flaviviruses as determined by cross-neutralization tests with polyclonal antisera","volume":"70","author":"CH Calisher","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of General Virology"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00095-09","article-title":"Evaluation of chimeric Japanese encephalitis and Dengue viruses for use in diagnostic plaque reduction neutralization tests","volume":"16","author":"BW Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clinical Vaccine and Immunology"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-23-1-91","article-title":"The flaviviruses (group B arboviruses): a cross-neutralization study","volume":"23","author":"AT De Madrid","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1982.31.1273","article-title":"Antigenic relationships of flaviviruses with undetermined arthropod-borne status","volume":"31","author":"I Varelas-Wesley","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"67","article-title":"Estudos sobre arbov\u00edrus: S\u00edntese do problema e plano inicial de trabalho: Diagn\u00f3stico das arboviroses","volume":"9","author":"P G\u00f3es","year":"1961","journal-title":"An Microbiol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.9.5.909-915.1974","article-title":"Cross-protection between group B arboviruses: resistance in mice to Japanese B encephalitis and St. Louis encephalitis viruses induced by Dengue virus immunization","volume":"9","author":"GC Tarr","year":"1974","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"King AMQ, Adams MJ, Carstens EB, Lefkowitz EJ (2012) Virus Taxonomy: Ninth report of the international committee on taxonomy of viruses. San Diego: Elsevier Academic Press. pp.1327."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1984.tb00709.x","article-title":"\u201cOriginal antigenic sin\u201d phenomenon in experimental flavivirus infections of guinea pigs: studies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay","volume":"28","author":"S Inouye","year":"1984","journal-title":"Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"ref40","first-page":"1703","article-title":"Delimita\u00e7\u00e3o do Pantanal brasileiro e suas sub-regi\u00f5es","volume":"33","author":"JSV Silva","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pesq Agrop Bras"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1590\/S0001-37652011000200004","article-title":"Biogeochemical processes and the diversity of Nhecol\u00e2ndia lakes, Brazil","volume":"83","author":"TI Almeida","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Acad Bras Cienc"},{"key":"ref42","first-page":"1","article-title":"Avifauna do pantanal de nabileque (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil)","volume":"134","author":"FC Straube","year":"2006","journal-title":"Atualidades ornitol\u00f3gicas"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2007.11.022","article-title":"Human outbreak of St. Louis encephalitis detected in Argentina, 2005","volume":"42","author":"LI Spinsanti","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2318","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002318","article-title":"Ilheus virus isolation in the Pantanal, west-central Brazil","volume":"7","author":"A Pauvolid-Corr\u00eaa","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLOS Neg Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00201-10","article-title":"Evaluation of widely used diagnostic tests to detect West Nile virus infections in horses previously infected with St. Louis encephalitis virus or dengue virus type 2","volume":"18","author":"JP Ledermann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Consoli RAGB, Louren\u00e7o-de-Oliveira R (1994) Principais mosquitos de import\u00e2ncia sanit\u00e1ria no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: Editora Fiocruz. pp.228.","DOI":"10.7476\/9788575412909"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-49-13556","article-title":"Infection of Horses with St. Louis Encephalitis Virus, Experimental and Natural","volume":"49","author":"McD Hammon W","year":"1942","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med March"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2537","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002537","article-title":"Isolation of Saint Louis encephalitis virus from a horse with neurological disease in Brazil","volume":"7","author":"R Rosa","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.11-0283","article-title":"Serosurveillance of eastern equine encephalitis virus in amphibians and reptiles from Alabama, USA","volume":"86","author":"SP Graham","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2150","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1012.040264","article-title":"Alligators as West Nile virus amplifiers","volume":"10","author":"K Klenk","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-41.1.96","article-title":"West Nile virus infection in farmed American alligators (<italic>Alligator mississippiensis<\/italic>) in Florida","volume":"41","author":"ER Jacobson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.7589\/2012-11-290","article-title":"Antibodies to West Nile virus in wild and farmed crocodiles in southeastern Mexico","volume":"49","author":"C Machain-Williams","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3207(99)00051-8","article-title":"Aerial surveys of caiman, marsh deer and pampas deer in the Pantanal Wetland of Brazil","volume":"92","author":"G Mour\u00e3o","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biological Conservation"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/47.4.670","article-title":"Caiman-biting mosquitoes and the natural vectors of <italic>Hepatozoon caimani<\/italic> in Brazil","volume":"47","author":"LA Viana","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"ref55","first-page":"36","article-title":"[West Nile virus infection of agricultural animals in the Astrakhan region, as evidenced by the 2001\u20132004 serological surveys]","volume":"50","author":"AV Vasil'ev","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vopr Virusol"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268805005492","article-title":"Serological evidence of West Nile Virus (WNV) in mammalian species in Turkey","volume":"134","author":"A Ozkul","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02761986000300003","article-title":"[Various aspects of the ecology of mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) from a plains area (Calabria Farms) in Jacarepagua, Rio de Janeiro. V. Breeding grounds]","volume":"81","author":"R Louren\u00e7o-de-Oliveira","year":"1986","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1803.111486","article-title":"Ilheus virus infection in human, Bolivia","volume":"18","author":"EA Venegas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.8267","article-title":"The 2012 West Nile encephalitis epidemic in Dallas, Texas","volume":"310","author":"WM Chung","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2005.07.008","article-title":"Epidemic West Nile virus encephalomyelitis: A temperature-dependent, spatial model of disease dynamics","volume":"71","author":"MP Ward","year":"2005","journal-title":"Prev Vet Med"},{"key":"ref61","unstructured":"Silva JSV, Abdon MM, Moraes JA (2010) Desmatamento na bacia do Alto Paraguai no Brasil. In: Anais do III Simp\u00f3sio de Geotecnologias no Pantanal. C\u00e1ceres: Embrapa Inform\u00e1tica Agropecu\u00e1ria\/INPEp. 458\u2013467."},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.1139\/z00-172","article-title":"The function of biodiversity in the ecology of vector-borne zoonotic diseases","volume":"78","author":"RS Ostffeld","year":"2000","journal-title":"Canadian J Zool"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2006.0584","article-title":"Land cover variation and West Nile virus prevalence: patterns, processes, and implications for disease control","volume":"7","author":"VO Ezenwa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"}],"container-title":["PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002706","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T13:19:49Z","timestamp":1688995189000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002706"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Scott F.","family":"Michael","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,13]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002706","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,13]]}}}