{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T02:00:13Z","timestamp":1791338413162,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,5]],"date-time":"2014-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401926400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002898","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,5]],"date-time":"2014-06-05T20:36:40Z","timestamp":1402000600000},"page":"e2898","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Deciphering the Origin of the 2012 Cholera Epidemic in Guinea by Integrating Epidemiological and Molecular Analyses"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Stanislas","family":"Rebaudet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin A.","family":"Mengel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lamine","family":"Koivogui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Moore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankur","family":"Mutreja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yacouba","family":"Kande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ousmane","family":"Yattara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00e9ronique","family":"Sarr Keita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berthe-Marie","family":"Njanpop-Lafourcade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre-Edouard","family":"Fournier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Garnotel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakoba","family":"Keita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renaud","family":"Piarroux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.11.093427","article-title":"The global burden of cholera","volume":"90","author":"M Ali","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.77.705","article-title":"Cholera: a new homeland in Africa?","volume":"77","author":"NH Gaffga","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Cholera [every year since 1968]. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/cholera\/statistics\/en\/index.html\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/cholera\/statistics\/en\/index.html<\/ext-link>. Accessed 13 December 2013."},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Sudre B, Bompangue D (2009) Epid\u00e9miologie du chol\u00e9ra et Evaluation du Syst\u00e8me d&apos;Alerte Pr\u00e9coce en R\u00e9publique de Guin\u00e9e. Rapport de mission. UNICEF. in French. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/wca.humanitarianresponse.info\/fr\/system\/files\/documents\/files\/EpidemiologieCholera_Evaluation_Guinee_dec09.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/wca.humanitarianresponse.info\/fr\/system\/files\/documents\/files\/EpidemiologieCholera_Evaluation_Guinee_dec09.pdf<\/ext-link>. Accessed 13 December 2013."},{"issue":"(1)","key":"ref5","first-page":"9","article-title":"Ongoing outbreaks. Cholera in Guinea","volume":"2","year":"2012","journal-title":"Outbreak Bull"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2465","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002465","article-title":"First outbreak response using an oral cholera vaccine in Africa: vaccine coverage, acceptability and surveillance of adverse events, Guinea, 2012","volume":"7","author":"FJ Luquero","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"321","article-title":"Cholera, 2012","volume":"88","year":"2013","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1126\/science.274.5295.2025","article-title":"Global climate and infectious disease: the cholera paradigm","volume":"274","author":"RR Colwell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.4.757-770.2002","article-title":"Effects of global climate on infectious disease: the cholera model","volume":"15","author":"EK Lipp","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01533-7","article-title":"Cholera and climate: revisiting the quantitative evidence","volume":"4","author":"M Pascual","year":"2002","journal-title":"Microbes Infect Inst Pasteur"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"285","article-title":"Infectious disease and environment: cholera as a paradigm for waterborne disease","volume":"7","author":"RR Colwell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int Microbiol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1711.111109","article-title":"Cholera-modern pandemic disease of ancient lineage","volume":"17","author":"JG Morris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10392","article-title":"Evidence for several waves of global transmission in the seventh cholera pandemic","volume":"477","author":"A Mutreja","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref14","article-title":"Genomic Science in Understanding Cholera Outbreaks and Evolution of <italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/italic> as a Human Pathogen","author":"WP Robins","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"ref15","unstructured":"Global Task Force on Cholera Control (2010) Cholera outbreak: assessing the outbreak response and improving preparedness. Geneva: World Health Organization (WHO). Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/cholera\/publications\/OutbreakAssessment\/en\/\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/cholera\/publications\/OutbreakAssessment\/en\/<\/ext-link>. Accessed 23 April 2013."},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (1999) Laboratory Methods for the Diagnosis of Epidemic Dysentery and Cholera. Atlanta, Georgia: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/cholera\/pdf\/Laboratory-Methods-for-the-Diagnosis-of-Epidemic-Dysentery-and-Cholera.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/cholera\/pdf\/Laboratory-Methods-for-the-Diagnosis-of-Epidemic-Dysentery-and-Cholera.pdf<\/ext-link>. Accessed 28 April 2013."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2009.06.011","article-title":"Evaluation of a highly discriminating multiplex multi-locus variable-number of tandem-repeats (MLVA) analysis for <italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/italic>","volume":"78","author":"JS Olsen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Microbiol Methods"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4367","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00698-10","article-title":"Relatedness of <italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/italic> O1\/O139 isolates from patients and their household contacts, determined by multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis","volume":"192","author":"EA Kendall","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1182395","article-title":"Evolution of MRSA during hospital transmission and intercontinental spread","volume":"327","author":"SR Harris","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1198545","article-title":"Rapid pneumococcal evolution in response to clinical interventions","volume":"331","author":"NJ Croucher","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2688","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btl446","article-title":"RAxML-VI-HPC: maximum likelihood-based phylogenetic analyses with thousands of taxa and mixed models","volume":"22","author":"A Stamatakis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bioinforma Oxf Engl"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"e00398","article-title":"Evolutionary Dynamics of <italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/italic> O1 following a Single-Source Introduction to Haiti","volume":"4","author":"LS Katz","year":"2013","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"ref23","article-title":"The Cholera Outbreak in Haiti: Where and how did it begin?","author":"D Lantagne","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003967","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003967","article-title":"The 2010 Cholera Outbreak in Haiti: How Science Solved a Controversy","volume":"10","author":"FD Orata","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-072X-7-44","article-title":"Spatial and demographic patterns of cholera in Ashanti region - Ghana","volume":"7","author":"FB Osei","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Health Geogr"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1405.071116","article-title":"Seasonal cholera from multiple small outbreaks, rural Bangladesh","volume":"14","author":"OC Stine","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S98","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit202","article-title":"Cholera in Coastal Africa: A Systematic Review of Its Heterogeneous Environmental Determinants","volume":"208","author":"S Rebaudet","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"Global Task Force on Cholera Control (2013) Cholera country profile: Sierra Leone. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/cholera\/countries\/SierraLeoneCountryProfile2013.pdf?ua=1\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/cholera\/countries\/SierraLeoneCountryProfile2013.pdf?ua=1<\/ext-link>. Accessed 13 December 2013."},{"key":"ref29","unstructured":"Action Contre la Faim - France, UMR 6249 Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, Universit\u00e9 de France-Comt\u00e9 (2013) Le chol\u00e9ra transfrontalier en Sierra Leone et Guin\u00e9e en 2012 et les strat\u00e9gies d&apos;intervention associ\u00e9es. in French. Available: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/wca.humanitarianresponse.info\/en\/document\/le-chol%C3%A9ra-transfrontalier-en-sierra-leone-et-guin%C3%A9e-en-2012-et-les-strat%C3%A9gies\" xlink:type=\"simple\">https:\/\/wca.humanitarianresponse.info\/en\/document\/le-chol%C3%A9ra-transfrontalier-en-sierra-leone-et-guin%C3%A9e-en-2012-et-les-strat%C3%A9gies<\/ext-link>. Accessed 28 March 2014."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2009.10.003","article-title":"Evolution of new variants of Vibrio cholerae O1","volume":"18","author":"A Safa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1011.040682","article-title":"Cholera in Mozambique, variant of <italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/italic>","volume":"10","author":"M Ansaruzzaman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4283","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00799-10","article-title":"Cholera toxin production by the El Tor variant of <italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/italic> O1 compared to prototype El Tor and classical biotypes","volume":"48","author":"J Ghosh-Banerjee","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3739","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01286-11","article-title":"Characterization of <italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/italic> O1 El Tor biotype variant clinical isolates from Bangladesh and Haiti, including a molecular genetic analysis of virulence genes","volume":"49","author":"MS Son","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e74829","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0074829","article-title":"A Study on the Geophylogeny of Clinical and Environmental <italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/italic> in Kenya","volume":"8","author":"J Kiiru","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"ref35","article-title":"Widespread epidemic cholera caused by a restricted subset of <italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/italic> clones","author":"S Moore","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"}],"container-title":["PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002898","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,8]],"date-time":"2020-05-08T23:48:12Z","timestamp":1588981692000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002898"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Edward T.","family":"Ryan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,5]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002898","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,5]]}}}