{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]],"date-time":"2026-07-05T04:51:34Z","timestamp":1783227094274,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]],"date-time":"2015-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]],"date-time":"2015-03-16T14:21:15Z","timestamp":1426515675000},"page":"e0003577","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Post-treatment Vascular Leakage and Inflammatory Responses around Brain Cysts in Porcine Neurocysticercosis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Siddhartha","family":"Mahanty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel Angel","family":"Orrego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Holger","family":"Mayta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Marzal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Cangalaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Paredes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eloy","family":"Gonzales-Gustavson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianfranco","family":"Arroyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armando E.","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Guerra-Giraldez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hector H.","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore E.","family":"Nash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e32834a1b20","article-title":"Cysticercosis of the central nervous system: how should it be managed?","volume":"24","author":"HH Garcia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2011.135","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of neurocysticercosis","volume":"7","author":"TE Nash","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(03)00056-1","article-title":"Human case management and treatment of cysticercosis","volume":"87","author":"TE Nash","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.11.86","article-title":"Corticosteroid use in neurocysticercosis","volume":"11","author":"TE Nash","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1053\/jcpa.2002.0579","article-title":"Granuloma formation and parasite disintegration in porcine cysticercosis: comparison with human neurocysticercosis","volume":"127","author":"JI Alvarez","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(88)90019-2","article-title":"The histopathology of porcine cysticercosis","volume":"28","author":"A de Aluja","year":"1988","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-968R1.1","article-title":"Early stages of development of the Taenia solium metacestode in pigs","volume":"93","author":"GS Garrido","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(02)00290-X","article-title":"The inflammatory cell infiltrates in porcine cysticercosis: immunohistochemical analysis during various stages of infection","volume":"109","author":"DP Londono","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.11.015","article-title":"The immune response in Taenia solium neurocysticercosis in pigs is associated with astrogliosis, axonal degeneration and altered blood-brain barrier permeability","volume":"160","author":"CS Sikasunge","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e97321","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0097321","article-title":"Evans blue staining reveals vascular leakage associated with focal areas of host-parasite interaction in brains of pigs infected with Taenia solium","volume":"9","author":"M Marzal","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182008004678","article-title":"Host-cell apoptosis in Taenia solium-induced brain granulomas in naturally infected pigs","volume":"135","author":"CS Sikasunge","year":"2008","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2005.06.003","article-title":"Role of the programmed Death-1 pathway in the suppressive activity of alternatively activated macrophages in experimental cysticercosis","volume":"35","author":"LI Terrazas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2003.07.031","article-title":"Prediction of viability of porcine neurocysticercosis with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy: correlation with histopathology","volume":"74","author":"S Chawla","year":"2004","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.20105","article-title":"Correlative MR imaging and histopathology in porcine neurocysticercosis","volume":"20","author":"S Chawla","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/0899-7071(89)90062-4","article-title":"Histological description of tomographic images of Taenia solium cysticerci in pig brains","volume":"13","author":"AS de Aluja","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2013.05.005","article-title":"Disruption of the blood-brain barrier in pigs naturally infected with Taenia solium, untreated and after anthelmintic treatment","volume":"134","author":"C Guerra-Giraldez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1990.43.194","article-title":"Prevalence and comparison of serologic assays, necropsy, and tongue examination for the diagnosis of porcine cysticercosis in Peru","volume":"43","author":"AE Gonzalez","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2007.07.010","article-title":"Suppression of host Th1-type granulomatous inflammation by Taenia solium metacestodes is related to down-regulation of osteopontin gene expression","volume":"38","author":"IC Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2009.12.008","article-title":"Cysticercosis and neurocysticercosis as pathogens affecting the nervous system","volume":"91","author":"S Mahanty","year":"2010","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000238514.51747.3a","article-title":"Treatment of neurocysticercosis: current status and future research needs","volume":"67","author":"TE Nash","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.08.014","article-title":"Taenia solium porcine cysticercosis: viability of cysticerci and persistency of antibodies and cysticercal antigens after treatment with oxfendazole","volume":"158","author":"CS Sikasunge","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-006-0424-4","article-title":"Nitric oxide contributes to host resistance against experimental Taenia crassiceps cysticercosis","volume":"100","author":"J Alonso-Trujillo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"316980","article-title":"Taenia crassiceps infection does not influence the development of experimental rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"2013","author":"AM Ortiz-Flores","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"498583","article-title":"Immunoregulation by Taenia crassiceps and its antigens","volume":"2013","author":"AN Peon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.2174\/156802608783790848","article-title":"The complex role of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in cysticercosis: immunological lessons from experimental and natural hosts","volume":"8","author":"LI Terrazas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Top Med Chem"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2013.03.007","article-title":"Human neurocysticercosis: immunological features involved in the host's susceptibility to become infected and to develop disease","volume":"15","author":"E Sciutto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2013.07.009","article-title":"Immune responses to viable and degenerative metacestodes of Taenia solium in naturally infected swine","volume":"43","author":"AK Singh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3248","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.5.3248","article-title":"Regulatory networks induced by live parasites impair both Th1 and Th2 pathways in patent lymphatic filariasis: implications for parasite persistence","volume":"176","author":"S Babu","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1086\/599797","article-title":"Human type 1 and 17 responses in latent tuberculosis are modulated by coincident filarial infection through cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 and programmed death-1","volume":"200","author":"S Babu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2012.11.011","article-title":"Immunomodulation by helminth parasites: defining mechanisms and mediators","volume":"43","author":"HJ McSorley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.05040-11","article-title":"Helminth infections and host immune regulation","volume":"25","author":"HJ McSorley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6456","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.9.6456","article-title":"Expansion of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells in mice infected with the filarial parasite Brugia malayi","volume":"181","author":"HJ McSorley","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2009.11.014","article-title":"Early removal of alternatively activated macrophages leads to Taenia crassiceps cysticercosis clearance in vivo","volume":"40","author":"JL Reyes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2007.00973.x","article-title":"The divergent roles of alternatively activated macrophages in helminthic infections","volume":"29","author":"JL Reyes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12353","article-title":"Helminths in the hygiene hypothesis: sooner or later?","volume":"177","author":"RM Maizels","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2005.11.005","article-title":"A depressed peripheral cellular immune response is related to symptomatic neurocysticercosis","volume":"8","author":"A Chavarria","year":"2006","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.7.1391","article-title":"Cestode antigens induce a tolerogenic-like phenotype and inhibit LPS inflammatory responses in human dendritic cells","volume":"7","author":"CA Terrazas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3135","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.168.7.3135","article-title":"Cutting edge: susceptibility to the larval stage of the helminth parasite Taenia crassiceps is mediated by Th2 response induced via STAT6 signaling","volume":"168","author":"M Rodriguez-Sosa","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1159\/000058663","article-title":"Taenia solium cysticercosis: host-parasite interactions and the immune response","volume":"66","author":"AC White Jr.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chem Immunol"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-011-0198-x","article-title":"Immune response in symptomatic and asymptomatic neurocysticercosis","volume":"200","author":"A Verma","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-011-0207-0","article-title":"Neurocysticercosis: local and systemic immune-inflammatory features related to severity","volume":"201","author":"B Saenz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmr093","article-title":"Correlation between the clinico radiological heterogeneity and the immune-inflammatory profiles in pediatric patients with neurocysticercosis from a tertiary referral centre","volume":"58","author":"B Kashyap","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Trop Pediatr"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2005.04.008","article-title":"Relationship between the clinical heterogeneity of neurocysticercosis and the immune-inflammatory profiles","volume":"116","author":"A Chavarria","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.11-0221","article-title":"Short report: A calcified Taenia solium granuloma associated with recurrent perilesional edema causing refractory seizures: histopathological features","volume":"85","author":"WW Ooi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.081073","article-title":"Doxycycline treatment decreases morbidity and mortality of murine neurocysticercosis: evidence for reduction of apoptosis and matrix metalloproteinase activity","volume":"175","author":"JI Alvarez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/0003319712458537","article-title":"Plasma matrix metalloproteinase 9 levels may predict endoleaks after endovascular aortic aneurysm repair","volume":"64","author":"GA Antoniou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2011.09.008","article-title":"An alternate perspective on the roles of TIMPs and MMPs in pathology","volume":"180","author":"CS Moore","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182011001259","article-title":"Association of MMP-2 and MMP-9 with clinical outcome of neurocysticercosis","volume":"138","author":"A Verma","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rascon AA, Jr., McKerrow JH (2013) Synthetic and Natural Protease Inhibitors Provide Insights into Parasite Development, Virulence, and Pathogenesis. Curr Med Chem.","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867311320250005"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1934","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000129481.12067.06","article-title":"Calcific neurocysticercosis and epileptogenesis","volume":"62","author":"TE Nash","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70243-6","article-title":"Perilesional brain oedema and seizure activity in patients with calcified neurocysticercosis: a prospective cohort and nested case-control study","volume":"7","author":"TE Nash","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00931659","article-title":"Praziquantel treatment of porcine brain and muscle Taenia solium cysticercosis. 3. Effect of 1-day treatment","volume":"78","author":"A Torres","year":"1992","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2010.01.005","article-title":"Clinical heterogeneity of human neurocysticercosis results from complex interactions among parasite, host and environmental factors","volume":"104","author":"A Fleury","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e122","DOI":"10.1086\/374667","article-title":"Prolonged perilesional edema after treatment of parenchymal neurocysticercosis: methotrexate as a corticosteroid-sparing agent","volume":"36","author":"PB Keiser","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-001-0510-6","article-title":"Taenia solium cysticercosis: lymphocytes in the inflammatory reaction in naturally infected pigs","volume":"88","author":"A Perez-Torres","year":"2002","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4017(87)90076-8","article-title":"Cerebral cysticercosis in pigs studied by computed tomography and necropsy","volume":"26","author":"D Gonzalez","year":"1987","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003577","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]],"date-time":"2018-10-22T17:29:25Z","timestamp":1540229365000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003577"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Malcolm K.","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003577","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]]}}}