{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T17:39:47Z","timestamp":1790098787056,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]],"date-time":"2015-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1426464000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]],"date-time":"2015-03-16T18:03:40Z","timestamp":1426529020000},"page":"e0003609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Effective Equine Immunization Protocol for Production of Potent Poly-specific Antisera against Calloselasma rhodostoma, Cryptelytrops albolabris and Daboia siamensis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Sompong","family":"Sapsutthipas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poh Kuan","family":"Leong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Surasak","family":"Akesowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronachai","family":"Pratanaphon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nget Hong","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kavi","family":"Ratanabanangkoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e569","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000569","article-title":"Snake envenoming: a disease of poverty","volume":"3","author":"RA Harrison","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2010.12.022","article-title":"Estimate of the burden of snakebites in sub-Saharan Africa: a meta-analytic approach","volume":"57","author":"JP Chippaux","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e218","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050218","article-title":"The global burden of snakebite: a literature analysis and modelling based on regional estimates of envenoming and deaths","volume":"5","author":"A Kasturiratne","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2011.05.027","article-title":"Ending the drought: new strategies for improving the flow of affordable, effective antivenoms in Asia and Africa","volume":"74","author":"DJ Williams","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Proteomics"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.11.020","article-title":"Snakebite envenoming from a global perspective: Towards an integrated approach","volume":"56","author":"JM Gutierrez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2011.06.019","article-title":"Research strategies to improve snakebite treatment: challenges and progress","volume":"74","author":"RA Harrison","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Proteomics"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"825","article-title":"Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology","author":"PA Christensen","year":"1979"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(02)00209-X","article-title":"The impact of a low dose, low volume, multi-site immunization on the production of therapeutic antivenoms in Thailand","volume":"41","author":"S Sriprapat","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/0161-5890(92)90007-K","article-title":"Preparation, characterization and immunogenicity of various polymers and conjugates of elapid postsynaptic neurotoxins","volume":"29","author":"P Sunthornandh","year":"1992","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(94)90204-6","article-title":"A comparative study of three vehicles on antibody responses against elapid snake neurotoxin immunogens","volume":"32","author":"P Sunthornandh","year":"1994","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(97)00098-4","article-title":"Production of highly potent horse antivenom against the Thai cobra (Naja kaouthia)","volume":"15","author":"R Pratanaphon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(01)00108-8","article-title":"Production of potent polyvalent antivenom against three elapid venoms using a low dose, low volume, multi-site immunization protocol","volume":"39","author":"C Chotwiwatthanakun","year":"2001","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.05.007","article-title":"Assessment of the anti-Naja haje antibodies elicited in a low dose multi-site immunization protocol","volume":"54","author":"EM El-Kady","year":"2009","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2011.04.009","article-title":"Neutralization of Vipera and Macrovipera venoms by two experimental polyvalent antisera: a study of paraspecificity","volume":"57","author":"IG Archundia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2008.09.002","article-title":"Characterization of a new polyvalent antivenom (Antivipmyn Africa) against African vipers and elapids","volume":"52","author":"B Ramos-Cerrillo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(91)90247-D","article-title":"Development of an ELISA to assess the potency of horse therapeutic antivenom against Thai cobra venom","volume":"136","author":"J Rungsiwongse","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(79)90284-8","article-title":"Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in assessing antivenom potency","volume":"17","author":"RD Theakston","year":"1979","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"949","article-title":"Development of simple standard assay procedures for the characterization of snake venom","volume":"61","author":"RD Theakston","year":"1983","journal-title":"Bull WHO"},{"key":"ref19","author":"DJ Finney","year":"1971"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-91992010000200002","article-title":"Antivenoms: potency or median effective dose, which to use?","volume":"16","author":"V Morais","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Venom Anim Tox incl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(85)90380-0","article-title":"Neutralization of proteolytic and hemorrhagic activities of Costa Rican snake venoms by a polyvalent antivenom","volume":"23","author":"JM Gutierrez","year":"1985","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2013.12.015","article-title":"Cross neutralization of common Southeast Asian viperid venoms by a Thai polyvalent snake antivenom (Hemato Polyvalent Snake Antivenom)","volume":"132","author":"PK Leong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2012.08.012","article-title":"Nephrotoxicity of hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) venom in mice is preventable by the paraspecific Hemato polyvalent antivenom (HPA)","volume":"60","author":"CH Tan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6","article-title":"Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent","volume":"193","author":"OH Lowry","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13057","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)36794-7","article-title":"Diversity of group types, regulation, and function of phospholipase A2","volume":"269","author":"EA Dennis","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-0101(94)90087-6","article-title":"Caprylic acid fractionation of hyperimmune horse plasma: description of a simple procedure for antivenom production","volume":"32","author":"G Rojas","year":"1994","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200342080-00002","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships of immunoglobulin therapy for envenomation","volume":"42","author":"JM Gutierrez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3109\/15563659409011037","article-title":"Antibody treatment of toxin poisoning\u2014recent advances","volume":"32","author":"JM Scherrmann","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Toxicol Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(95)00145-Q","article-title":"Immunological parameters associated with antigenic competition in a multivalent footrot vaccine","volume":"13","author":"JD Hunt","year":"1995","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200700777","article-title":"Exploring snake venom proteomes: multifaceted analyses for complex toxin mixtures","volume":"8","author":"JW Fox","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"ref31","author":"J-P Chippaux","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"33","article-title":"The genus Daboia (Serpentes: Viperidae): Russell's viper","volume":"23","author":"W W\u00fcster","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hamadryad"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2008.04.005","article-title":"Snakebite nephrotoxicity in Asia","volume":"28","author":"T Kanjanabuch","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"324","article-title":"Annual Epidemiological Surveillance Report","author":"S Songsumard","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1986.35.173","article-title":"ELISA confirmation of acute and past envenoming by the monocellate Thai cobra (Naja kaouthia)","volume":"35","author":"C Viravan","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2009.10.024","article-title":"Pre-clinical and preliminary dose-finding and safety studies to identify candidate antivenoms for treatment of envenoming by saw-scaled or carpet vipers (Echis ocellatus) in northern Nigeria","volume":"55","author":"SB Abubakar","year":"2010","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2004.10.019","article-title":"Immunochemical and biochemical comparisons of equine monovalent and polyvalent snake antivenoms","volume":"45","author":"R Raweerith","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(02)00360-4","article-title":"The conserved structure of snake venom toxins confers extensive immunological cross-reactivity to toxin-specific antibody","volume":"41","author":"RA Harrison","year":"2003","journal-title":"Toxicon"}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003609","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,3]],"date-time":"2022-05-03T01:56:46Z","timestamp":1651543006000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003609"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Geoffrey K.","family":"Isbister","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003609","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]]}}}