{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T23:58:02Z","timestamp":1771891082373,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,9]],"date-time":"2015-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1428537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,9]],"date-time":"2015-04-09T17:51:24Z","timestamp":1428601884000},"page":"e0003686","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["From Health Advice to Taboo: Community Perspectives on the Treatment of Sleeping Sickness in the Democratic Republic of Congo, a Qualitative Study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Alain","family":"Mpanya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Hendrickx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylvain","family":"Baloji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Crispin","family":"Lumbala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raquel Inoc\u00eancio","family":"da Luz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marleen","family":"Boelaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Lutumba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1179\/136485910X12786389891641","article-title":"Socio-economic aspects of neglected diseases: sleeping sickness and visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"104","author":"M Boelaert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2118","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002118","article-title":"NTDs in the heart of darkness: the Democratic Republic of Congo&apos;s unknown burden of neglected tropical diseases","volume":"7","author":"AW Rimoin","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70004-5","article-title":"Rapid diagnostic tests for neurological infections in central Africa","volume":"13","author":"CP Yansouni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Control and surveillance of human African trypanosomiasis: report of a WHO Expert committee. Geneva, 2013,WHO technical report series; no. 984."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2005.08.001","article-title":"Clinical aspects of 2541 patients with second stage human African trypanosomiasis","volume":"97","author":"J Blum","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1097\/00001432-200012000-00012","article-title":"Problems for the chemotherapy of human African trypanosomiasis","volume":"13","author":"MP Barrett","year":"2000","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707354","article-title":"Human African trypanosomiasis: pharmacological re-engagement with a neglected disease","volume":"152","author":"MP Barrett","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pctr.0010039","article-title":"Three drug combinations for late-stage Trypanosoma brucei gambiense sleeping sickness: a randomized clinical trial in Uganda","volume":"1","author":"G Priotto","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Clin Trials"},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Control and surveillance of African trypanosomiasis. Geneva, 1998, WHO Technical Report, Series 881."},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182012000169","article-title":"Update on field use of the available drugs for the chemotherapy of human African trypanosomiasis","volume":"139","author":"PP Simarro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01768.x","article-title":"Drug toxicity and cost as barriers to community participation in HAT control in the Democratic Republic of Congo","volume":"12","author":"J Robays","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1467","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001467","article-title":"Should I get screened for sleeping sickness? A qualitative study in Kasai province, Democratic Republic of Congo","volume":"6","author":"A Mpanya","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2004.01240.x","article-title":"The effectiveness of active population screening and treatment for sleeping sickness control in the Democratic Republic of Congo","volume":"9","author":"J Robays","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1950","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001950","article-title":"Human African trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a looming emergency?","volume":"6","author":"E Hasker","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref15","article-title":"<italic>The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers<\/italic>","author":"J Saldana","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"Burke J. La trypanosomiase Humaine Africaine. Minist\u00e8re des affaires \u00e9trang\u00e8res, du commerce ext\u00e9rieur et de la coop\u00e9ration au d\u00e9veloppement; administration g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de la coop\u00e9ration au d\u00e9veloppement, d \/ 1976 \/1290 \/2."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1406.071266","article-title":"High failure rates of melarsoprol for sleeping sickness, Democratic Republic of Congo","volume":"14","author":"J Robays","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2012.03042.x","article-title":"Treatment outcomes for human African Trypanosomiasis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: analysis of routine program data from the world&apos;s largest sleeping sickness control program","volume":"17","author":"E Hasker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5040\/9798400684289","article-title":"Medical Anthropology and African American Health","author":"EJ Bailey","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"288","article-title":"Sociology on the Menu: An Invitation to the Study of Food and Society","author":"A KT Beardsworth","year":"1997"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(87)90270-X","article-title":"Hot-cold food and medical theories: overview and introduction","volume":"25","author":"L Manderson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1302.060075","article-title":"Human African trypanosomiasis in a rural community, Democratic Republic of Congo","volume":"13","author":"P Lutumba","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182010001137","article-title":"Chemotherapy against human African trypanosomiasis: is there a road to success?","volume":"137","author":"C Burri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1086\/432576","article-title":"Eflornithine is safer than melarsoprol for the treatment of second-stage Trypanosoma brucei gambiense human African trypanosomiasis","volume":"41","author":"F Chappuis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39485.592674.BE","article-title":"Safety and effectiveness of first line eflornithine for Trypanosoma brucei gambiense sleeping sickness in Sudan: cohort study","volume":"336","author":"G Priotto","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"17","article-title":"The use of oral corticosteroids in the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis: a retrospective survey in Nioki, Zaire","volume":"65","author":"J Pepin","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ann Soc Belg Med Trop"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(08)60410-8","article-title":"The treatment of human African trypanosomiasis","volume":"33","author":"J Pepin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Adv Parasitol"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"1","article-title":"Monitoring the use of nifurtimox-eflornithine combination therapy (NECT) in the treatment of second stage human African trypanosomiasis","volume":"13","author":"JR Franco","year":"2012","journal-title":"Research and Reports in Tropical Medicine"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61117-X","article-title":"Nifurtimox-eflornithine combination therapy for second-stage African Trypanosoma brucei gambiense trypanosomiasis: a multicentre, randomised, phase III, non-inferiority trial","volume":"374","author":"G Priotto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1986.35.94","article-title":"Clinical and pathological aspects of human African trypanosomiasis (T. b. gambiense) with particular reference to reactive arsenical encephalopathy","volume":"35","author":"L Haller","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"259","article-title":"Socio-entomologic survey in human trypanosomiasis focus of Yamba (Peoples Republic of Congo)","volume":"45","author":"JP Gouteux","year":"1985","journal-title":"Med Trop"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12025","article-title":"Adherence to miltefosine treatment for visceral leishmaniasis under routine conditions in Nepal","volume":"18","author":"S Uranw","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2488","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002488","article-title":"Barriers to Treatment Access for Chagas Disease in Mexico","volume":"7","author":"JM Manne","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003686","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T03:29:54Z","timestamp":1747884594000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003686"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Oladele B.","family":"Akogun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,9]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003686","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,9]]}}}