{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T21:18:56Z","timestamp":1791839936260,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,29]],"date-time":"2015-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004189","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,29]],"date-time":"2015-10-29T18:02:10Z","timestamp":1446141730000},"page":"e0004189","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Loss- and Gain-of-Function Approaches Indicate a Dual Role Exerted by Regulatory T Cells in Pulmonary Paracoccidioidomycosis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Silvia B.","family":"Bazan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tania A.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliseu Frank","family":"de Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Feriotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fl\u00e1vio V.","family":"Loures","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando D.","family":"Pretel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera L. G.","family":"Calich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2011.03551.x","article-title":"Foxp3<sup>+<\/sup> regulatory T cells, immune stimulation and host defence against infection","volume":"136","author":"JH Rowe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1181","article-title":"Natural regulatory T cells in infectious disease","volume":"6","author":"Y Belkaid","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4123","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.7.4123","article-title":"CD4<sup>+<\/sup>CD25<sup>+<\/sup> regulatory T cells control the severity of viral immunoinflammatory lesions","volume":"172","author":"S Suvas","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200205)32:5<1282::AID-IMMU1282>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"CD25<sup>+<\/sup>CD4<sup>+<\/sup> regulatory suppress CD4<sup>+<\/sup> T cell-mediated pulmonary hyperflammation driven by <italic>Pneumocystis carinii<\/italic> in immunodeficient mice","volume":"32","author":"S Hori","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6298","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.11.6298","article-title":"B7\/CD28-dependent CD4<sup>+<\/sup>CD25<sup>+<\/sup> regulatory T cells are essential components of the memory to <italic>Candida albicans<\/italic>","volume":"169","author":"C Montagnoli","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5224","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000032","article-title":"CCR5 dictates the equilibrium of proinflammatory IL-17<sup>+<\/sup> and regulatory Foxp3<sup>+<\/sup> T cells in fungal infection","volume":"184","author":"DN Kroetz","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5811","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.9.5811","article-title":"Systemic and local characterization of regulatory T cells in a chronic fungal infection in humans","volume":"177","author":"KA Cavassani","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3049","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.5.3049","article-title":"CCR5-dependent regulatory T cell migration mediates fungal survival and severe immunosuppression","volume":"180","author":"AP Moreira","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e51071","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0051071","article-title":"Anti-CD25 treatment depletes Treg cells and decreases disease severity in susceptible and resistant mice infected with <italic>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis<\/italic>","volume":"7","author":"M Felonato","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu136","article-title":"Dectin-1 induces M1 macrophages and prominent expansion of CD8<sup>+<\/sup>IL-17<sup>+<\/sup> cells in pulmonary paracoccidiodomycosis","volume":"210","author":"FV Loures","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0801599","article-title":"TLR2 is a negative regulator of Th17 cells and tissue pathology in a pulmonary model of fungal infection","volume":"183","author":"FV Loures","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01198-09","article-title":"TLR4 signaling leads to a more severe fungal infection associated with enhanced proinflammatory immunity and impaired expansion of regulatory T cells","volume":"78","author":"FV Loures","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02282801","article-title":"Alterations in the pathogenicity of one <italic>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis<\/italic> isolate do not correlative with its <italic>in vitro<\/italic> growth","volume":"111","author":"SS Kashino","year":"1990","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"177","article-title":"Ant\u00edgeno polissacar\u00eddico do <italic>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis<\/italic>. Estudo do tempo de cultivo do <italic>P<\/italic>. <italic>brasiliensis<\/italic> necess\u00e1rio ao preparo do ant\u00edgeno","volume":"11","author":"C Fava Netto","year":"1969","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.63.5.1777-1783.1995","article-title":"Pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis in resistant and susceptible mice: relationship among progression of infection, bronchoalveolar cell activation, cellular immune response, and specific isotype patterns","volume":"63","author":"LE Cano","year":"1995","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1080\/02681219280000331","article-title":"The source of the growth-promoting factor(s) affects the plating efficiency of <italic>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis<\/italic>","volume":"30","author":"LM Singer-Vermes","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Med Vet Mycol"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"116","article-title":"Advances in distinguishing natural from induced Foxp3<sup>+<\/sup> regulatory T cells","volume":"6","author":"X Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2451","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20060956","article-title":"CCR5-dependent homing of naturally occurring CD4<sup>+<\/sup> regulatory T cells to sites of <italic>Leishmania major<\/italic> infection favors pathogen persistence","volume":"203","author":"E Yurchenko","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"585","article-title":"Susceptibility and resistance of inbred mice to <italic>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis<\/italic>","volume":"66","author":"VL Calich","year":"1985","journal-title":"Br J Exp Pathol"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20120822","article-title":"Neuropilin-1 distinguishes natural and inducible regulatory T cells among regulatory T cell subsets in vivo","volume":"209","author":"M Yadav","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2013.03.005","article-title":"CD39 and CD73 in immunity and inflammation","volume":"19","author":"L Antonioli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2382","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000423","article-title":"Foxp3<sup>+<\/sup> CD4 regulatory T cells limit pulmonary immunopathology by modulating the CD8 T cell response during respiratory syncytial virus infection","volume":"185","author":"RB Fulton","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20062105","article-title":"Expansion and function of Foxp3-expressing T regulatory cells during tuberculosis","volume":"204","author":"JP Scott-Browne","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.3109\/13693780802641425","article-title":"TLR-2, TLR-4 and dectin-1 expression in human monocytes and neutrophils stimulated by <italic>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis<\/italic>","volume":"47","author":"CV Bonfim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e54845","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054845","article-title":"Mannosyl-recognizing receptors induce an M1-like phenotype in macrophages of susceptible mice but an M2-like phenotype in mice resistant to a fungal infection","volume":"8","author":"C Feriotti","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2512","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002512","article-title":"In pulmonary paracoccidioidomycosis IL-10 deficiency leads to increased immunity and regressive infection without enhancing tissue pathology","volume":"7","author":"TA Costa","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2005.01.016","article-title":"Regulatory T Cell Lineage Specification by the Forkhead Transcription Factor Foxp3","volume":"22","author":"JD Fontenot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1263","article-title":"A function for interleukin 2 in Foxp3-expressing regulatory T cells","volume":"6","author":"JD Fontenot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200939613","article-title":"In vivo depletion of CD4+FoxP3+ Treg cells by the PC61 anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody is mediated by FcgammaRIII+ phagocytes","volume":"40","author":"YY Setiady","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3985","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803053","article-title":"Anti-CD25 antibody-mediated depletion of effector T cell populations enhances susceptibility of mice to acute but not chronic <italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/italic> infection","volume":"182","author":"KN Couper","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref31","first-page":"786078","article-title":"Reduction of Foxp3<sup>+<\/sup> cells by depletion with the PC61 mAb induces mortality in resistant BALB\/c mice infected with <italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/italic>","author":"EP Ten\u00f3rio","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biomed Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6215","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.9.6215","article-title":"Regulatory T cells dampen pulmonary inflammation and lung injury in an animal model of pneumocystis pneumonia","volume":"177","author":"L McKinley","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27849","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0027849","article-title":"Partial depletion of natural CD4\u207aCD25\u207a regulatory T cells with anti-CD25 antibody does not alter the course of acute influenza A virus infection","volume":"6","author":"RJ Betts","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001043","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001043","article-title":"Regulatory T cell suppressive potency dictates the balance between bacterial proliferation and clearance during persistent <italic>Salmonella<\/italic> infection","volume":"6","author":"TM Johanns","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4922","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00297-10","article-title":"CD28 exerts protective and detrimental effects in a pulmonary model of paracoccidioidomycosis","volume":"78","author":"M Felonato","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2661","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.5.2661","article-title":"Cutting Edge: Regulatory T cells prevent efficient clearance of <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/italic>","volume":"178","author":"M Kursar","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.03.002","article-title":"CD4<sup>+<\/sup>CD25<sup>+<\/sup>Foxp3<sup>+<\/sup> regulatory T cells promote Th17 cells in vitro and enhance host resistance in mouse <italic>Candida albicans<\/italic> Th17 cell infection model","volume":"34","author":"P Pandiyan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1RU0114-010RR","article-title":"IL-17<sup>+<\/sup>Foxp3<sup>+<\/sup> T cells: an intermediate differentiation stage between Th17 cells and regulatory T cells","volume":"96","author":"R Du","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.2002.5207","article-title":"IL-12 protects mice against disseminated infection caused by <italic>Paracoccidioides brasiliensis<\/italic> but enhances pulmonary inflammation","volume":"103","author":"C Arruda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004189","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]],"date-time":"2020-09-10T15:16:27Z","timestamp":1599750987000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004189"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Vinetz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,29]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004189","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,29]]}}}