{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T16:09:32Z","timestamp":1761581372911},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,8]],"date-time":"2015-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1449532800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,9]],"date-time":"2015-12-09T07:38:35Z","timestamp":1449646715000},"page":"e0004204","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Comparison of Leishmania killicki (syn. L. tropica) and Leishmania tropica Population Structure in Maghreb by Microsatellite Typing"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Dhekra","family":"Chaara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne- Laure","family":"Ba\u00f1uls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Najoua","family":"Haouas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lo\u00efc","family":"Talignani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Lami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Habib","family":"Mezhoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zoubir","family":"Harrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Pierre","family":"Dedet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamouda","family":"Babba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francine","family":"Pratlong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","unstructured":"WHO (2010) Annul report. Geneva."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182001008927","article-title":"A previously unclassified trypanosomatid responsible for human cutaneous lesions in Martinique (French West Indies) is the most divergent member of the genus <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> ss","volume":"124","author":"H Noyes","year":"2002","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2007.09.013","article-title":"Evidence for a new species of <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> associated with a focal disease outbreak in Ghana","volume":"60","author":"JT Villinski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2014011","article-title":"<italic>Leishmania<\/italic> (<italic>Leishmania<\/italic>) <italic>martiniquensis<\/italic> n. sp. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae), description of the parasite responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Martinique Island (French West Indies)","volume":"21","author":"N Desbois","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"139","article-title":"Application \u00e9co-\u00e9pid\u00e9miologique (Coll. Int. CNRS\/INSERM, 1984)","author":"JA Rioux","year":"1986"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2005121059","article-title":"Spread of <italic>Leishmania killicki<\/italic> to Central and South-West Tunisia","volume":"12","author":"A Bouratbine","year":"2005","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2004.11.012","article-title":"Anthroponotic cutaneous leishmanisis in Tunisia Presence of <italic>Leishmania killicki<\/italic> outside its original focus of Tataouine","volume":"99","author":"N Haouas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1179\/136485905X19874","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tunisia: result of isoenzymatic characterization of 71 strains","volume":"99","author":"K Kallel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"87","article-title":"First report of <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> (<italic>L<\/italic>) <italic>killicki<\/italic> Rioux, Lanotte and Pratlong, 1986 in Libya","volume":"13","author":"K Aoun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2009.04.013","article-title":"Description of a dermatropic <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> close to <italic>L<\/italic>. <italic>killicki<\/italic> (Rioux, Lanotte &amp; Pratlong 1986) in Algeria","volume":"103","author":"Z Harrat","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.2174\/2210289201203020006","article-title":"The first isoenzymatic characterizations of the <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> strains responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Area of Annaba (Eastern Algeria)","volume":"3","author":"R Mansouri","year":"2012","journal-title":"The open Conf proc Jour"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2003.13-1152","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by <italic>Leishmania killicki<\/italic>, Algeria","volume":"20","author":"A Izri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0681","article-title":"First report on natural infection of <italic>Phlebotomus sergenti<\/italic> with <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> promastigotes in the cutaneous leishmaniasis focus in southeastern Tunisia","volume":"85","author":"A Tabbabi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-159","article-title":"First detection of <italic>Leishmania killicki<\/italic> (Kinetoplastida, Trypanosomatidae) in <italic>Ctenodactylus gundi<\/italic> (Rodentia, Ctenodactylidae), a possible reservoir of human cutaneous leishmaniasis in Tunisia","volume":"11","author":"K Jaouadi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasit Vect"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2012.01.014","article-title":"Twenty-four new human cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to <italic>Leishmania killicki<\/italic> in Metlaoui, southwestern Tunisia: probable role of <italic>Phlebotomus sergenti<\/italic> in the transmission","volume":"122","author":"K Jaouadi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Act Trop"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2011.02.008","article-title":"<italic>Phlebotomus sergenti<\/italic> (Parrot, 1917) identified as <italic>Leishmania killicki<\/italic> host in Gharda\u00efa, south Algeria","volume":"13","author":"SC Boubidi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.11-0572","article-title":"Natural infection of North African gundi (<italic>Ctenodactylus gundi<\/italic>) by <italic>Leishmania tropica<\/italic> in the focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis, Southeast Tunisia","volume":"86","author":"N Bousslimi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2009.02336.x","article-title":"Geographical distribution and epidemiological features of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis foci, based on the isoenzyme analysis of 1048 strains","volume":"14","author":"F Pratlong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trop Med Inter Heal"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2010.06.011","article-title":"Development of a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay for <italic>Leishmania major<\/italic>\/<italic>Leishmania killicki<\/italic>\/ <italic>Leishmania infantum<\/italic> discrimination from clinical samples, application in a Tunisian focus","volume":"68","author":"N Haouas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2012.08.012","article-title":"Geographical distribution updating of Tunisian leishmaniasis foci: about the isoenzymatic analysis of 694 strains","volume":"124","author":"N Haouas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Act Trop"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patbio.2011.11.011","article-title":"Usefulness of a PCR-based method in the detection and species identification of <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> from clinical samples","volume":"60","author":"N Chargui","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pathol Biol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0821-6","article-title":"Evolutionary history of <italic>Leishmania killicki<\/italic> (synonymous <italic>Leishmania tropica<\/italic>) and taxonomic implications","volume":"8","author":"D Chaara","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasit Vect"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"129","article-title":"Taxonomie et phylogen\u00e8se. Applications \u00e9co-\u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques (Coll. Int. CNRS\/INSERM, 1984)","author":"F Pratlong","year":"1986"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1991663100","article-title":"<italic>Leishmania tropica<\/italic> in Morocco. IV-Intrafocal enzyme diversity","volume":"66","author":"F Pratlong","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Parasitol Hum Comp"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1990653111","article-title":"Taxonomy of <italic>Leishmania<\/italic>. Use of isoenzymes. Suggestions for a new classification","volume":"65","author":"JA Rioux","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann Parasitol Hum Comp"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2005.09.010","article-title":"Microsatellite analysis reveals genetic structure of <italic>Leishmania tropica<\/italic>","volume":"36","author":"JM Schwenkenbecher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2004.01.005","article-title":"Evolution and conservation of microsatellite markers for <italic>Leishmania tropica<\/italic>","volume":"4","author":"JM Schwenkenbecher","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1179\/000349802125000790","article-title":"Towards a standard battery of microsatellite markers for the analysis of the <italic>Leishmania donovani<\/italic> complex","volume":"96","author":"MB Jamjoom","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"ref29","unstructured":"Goudet J. FSTAT: A program to estimate and test gene diversities and fixation indices. 2002; Version 2.9.3.2. Available at <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.unil.ch\/izea\/softwares\/fstat.html\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.unil.ch\/izea\/softwares\/fstat.html<\/ext-link>."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jhered.a111627","article-title":"FSTAT (Version 1.2): A computer program to calculate Fstatistics","volume":"86","author":"J Goudet","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Heredity"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1809.1983.tb00993.x","article-title":"Estimation of fixation indices and gene diversities","volume":"47","author":"M Nei","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann Hum Genet"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.2307\/2406450","article-title":"The interpretation of population structure by F-statistics with special regard to system of mating","volume":"19","author":"S Wright","year":"1965","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.2307\/2408641","article-title":"Estimating F-statistics for the analysis of population structure","volume":"38","author":"BS Weir","year":"1984","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"ref34","author":"S Wright","year":"1978"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2731","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msr121","article-title":"MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods","volume":"28","author":"K Tamura","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"233","article-title":"Phylogenetic analysis: model and estimation procedures","volume":"19","author":"LL Cavalli-Sforza","year":"1967","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004204","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,23]],"date-time":"2018-10-23T03:43:23Z","timestamp":1540266203000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004204"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Alain","family":"Debrabant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,8]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,8]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004204","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,8]]}}}