{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T18:06:10Z","timestamp":1791223570770,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,15]],"date-time":"2016-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1460678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,15]],"date-time":"2016-04-15T13:37:24Z","timestamp":1460727444000},"page":"e0004616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":159,"title":["The Burden of Typhoid and Paratyphoid in India: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jacob","family":"John","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carola J. C.","family":"Van Aart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas C.","family":"Grassly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"010401","DOI":"10.7189\/jogh.01.010401","article-title":"Typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever: Systematic review to estimate global morbidity and mortality for 2010","volume":"2","author":"GC Buckle","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Glob Health"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E570","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(14)70301-8","article-title":"Burden of typhoid fever in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic, literature-based update with risk-factor adjustment","volume":"2","author":"V Mogasale","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Typhoid fever","author":"J Wain","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1086\/649541","article-title":"Global Trends in Typhoid and Paratyphoid Fever","volume":"50","author":"JA Crump","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.06.039818","article-title":"A study of typhoid fever in five Asian countries: disease burden and implications for controls","volume":"86","author":"RL Ochiai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1111.050168","article-title":"Salmonella paratyphi A rates, Asia","volume":"11","author":"RL Ochiai","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-7-289","article-title":"Comparisons of predictors for typhoid and paratyphoid fever in Kolkata, India","volume":"7","author":"D Sur","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-115","article-title":"A typhoid fever outbreak in a slum of South Dumdum municipality, West Bengal, India, 2007: Evidence for foodborne and waterborne transmission","volume":"9","author":"R Bhunia","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bmc Public Health"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.33.3.221","article-title":"Age and Sex as Factors in the Development of the Typhoid Carrier State, and a Method for Estimating Carrier Prevalence","volume":"33","author":"WR Ames","year":"1943","journal-title":"American journal of public health and the nation's health"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2642","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002642","article-title":"Predicting the Impact of Vaccination on the Transmission Dynamics of Typhoid in South Asia: A Mathematical Modeling Study","volume":"8","author":"VE Pitzer","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001261.pub3","article-title":"Vaccines for preventing typhoid fever","volume":"96","author":"E Anwar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)90480-6","article-title":"Large-scale field trial of Ty21a live oral typhoid vaccine in enteric-coated capsule formulation","volume":"1","author":"MM Levine","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S22","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(99)00231-5","article-title":"Duration of efficacy of Ty21a, attenuated Salmonella typhi live oral vaccine","volume":"17","author":"MM Levine","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198710293171801","article-title":"Prevention of typhoid-fever in Nepal with the Vi capsular polysaccharide of <italic>Salmonella Typhi<\/italic>\u2014a preliminary-report","volume":"317","author":"IL Acharya","year":"1987","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(95)00186-5","article-title":"Immunogenicity, efficacy and serological correlate of protection of Salmonella typhi Vi capsular polysaccharide vaccine three years after immunization","volume":"14","author":"KP Klugman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200104263441701","article-title":"The efficacy of a Salmonella typhi Vi conjugate vaccine in two-to-five-year-old children","volume":"344","author":"FYC Lin","year":"2001","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200310023491423","article-title":"Persistent efficacy of Vi conjugate vaccine against typhoid fever in young children","volume":"349","author":"MN Lanh","year":"2003","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2013.845529","article-title":"Development of Vi conjugate\u2014a new generation of typhoid vaccine","volume":"12","author":"SC Szu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00532-10","article-title":"The Vi conjugate typhoid vaccine is safe, elicits protective levels of IgG anti-Vi, and is compatible with routine infant vaccines","volume":"18","author":"VD Thiem","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"49","article-title":"Typhoid vaccines: WHO position paper","volume":"83","year":"2008","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-014-0504-y","article-title":"Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) Recommended Immunization Schedule for Children Aged 0 through 18-years India, 2014 and Updates on Immunization","volume":"51","author":"VM Vashishtha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e318249d36e","article-title":"The prevention of chronic postsurgical pain using gabapentin and pregabalin: a combined systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"115","author":"H Clarke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1198\/000313001317098167","article-title":"Logit Confidence Intervals and the Inverse Sinh Transformation","volume":"55","author":"RG Newcombe","year":"2001","journal-title":"The American Statistician"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"1","article-title":"Conducting meta-analyses in R with metafor package","volume":"36","author":"Wolfgang Viechtbauer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Statistical Software"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1993.48.108","article-title":"Emergence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella typhi in rural southern India","volume":"48","author":"PS Rao","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0807521","article-title":"A cluster-randomized effectiveness trial of Vi typhoid vaccine in India","volume":"361","author":"D Sur","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref28","unstructured":"(2015) World Population Prospects: The 2015 Revision. In: Department of Economic and Social Affairs PD, editor: United Nations."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-7-289","article-title":"Comparisons of predictors for typhoid and paratyphoid fever in Kolkata, India","volume":"7","author":"D Sur","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"304","article-title":"Costs of illness due to typhoid fever in an Indian urban slum community: implications for vaccination policy","volume":"22","author":"R Bahl","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Health Popul Nutr"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)09001-1","article-title":"Typhoid fever in children aged less than 5 years","volume":"354","author":"A Sinha","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67181-4","article-title":"Typhoid and paratyphoid fever","volume":"366","author":"MK Bhan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S24","DOI":"10.1086\/518141","article-title":"Ty21a live oral typhoid vaccine and prevention of paratyphoid fever caused by Salmonella enterica Serovar Paratyphi B","volume":"45","author":"MM Levine","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"875","article-title":"IAP Task Force Report: diagnosis of enteric fever in children","volume":"43","author":"R Kundu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004616","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T10:13:49Z","timestamp":1589019229000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004616"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Stephen","family":"Baker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,15]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004616","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,15]]}}}