{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T04:09:54Z","timestamp":1790395794380,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]],"date-time":"2016-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"CNPq PAPES VI","award":["407438\/2012-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["407438\/2012-2"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"FAPEMIG","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["PPM-00163-14"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PPM-00163-14"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"CNPq PAPES VI","award":["407687\/2012-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["407687\/2012-2"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"CNPq","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["163541\/2012-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["163541\/2012-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"CNPq PAPES VI","award":["407743\/2012-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["407743\/2012-0"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"CNPq","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"CNPq","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"CNPq","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["168260\/2014-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["168260\/2014-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"CNPq\/PROEP","award":["401975\/2012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["401975\/2012"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]],"date-time":"2016-08-10T18:11:54Z","timestamp":1470852714000},"page":"e0004848","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Lipophosphoglycans from Leishmania amazonensis Strains Display Immunomodulatory Properties via TLR4 and Do Not Affect Sand Fly Infection"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Paula M.","family":"Nogueira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael R.","family":"Assis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana C.","family":"Torrecilhas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elvira M.","family":"Saraiva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia L.","family":"Pessoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco A.","family":"Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric F.","family":"Marialva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia M.","family":"R\u00edos-Velasquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felipe A.","family":"Pessoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N\u00e1gila F.","family":"Secundino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jer\u00f4nimo N.","family":"Rugani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Nieves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore J.","family":"Turco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria N.","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7966-3629","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rodrigo P.","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)10178-2","article-title":"Leishmaniasis","volume":"354","author":"BL Herwaldt","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2009.01116.x","article-title":"Immunopathogenic competences of <italic>Leishmania (V<\/italic>.<italic>) braziliensis<\/italic> and <italic>L<\/italic>. <italic>(L<\/italic>.<italic>) amazonensis<\/italic> in American cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"31","author":"FT Silveira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143282","article-title":"Ecological Niche Modelling Predicts Southward Expansion of <italic>Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) flaviscutellata<\/italic> (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae), Vector of <italic>Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis<\/italic> in South America, under Climate Change","volume":"10","author":"BM Carvalho","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1989.41.687","article-title":"A review of the geographic distribution and epidemiology of leishmaniasis in the New World","author":"G Grimaldi","year":"1989","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"134","article-title":"Development of <italic>Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis<\/italic> and <italic>Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis<\/italic> in the sand fly <italic>Lutzomyia migonei<\/italic> (Diptera: Psychodidae)","volume":"37","author":"E Nieves","year":"2000","journal-title":"Development of"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1988.0099","article-title":"Ecological interactions in the transmission of the leishmaniases","volume":"321","author":"R Lainson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2011.11.001","article-title":"Glycoconjugates in New World species of <italic>Leishmania<\/italic>: Polymorphisms in lipophosphoglycan and glycoinositolphospholipids and interaction with hosts","volume":"1820","author":"RR De Assis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta. Elsevier B.V."},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9155","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.19.9155","article-title":"Evidence that the vectorial competence of phlebotomine sand flies for different species of <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> is controlled by structural polymorphisms in the surface lipophosphoglycan","volume":"91","author":"PF Pimenta","year":"1994","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.10.009","article-title":"A role for insect galectins in parasite survival","volume":"119","author":"S Kamhawi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-4758(96)10067-3","article-title":"Exploitation of the complement system by <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> promastigotes","volume":"12","author":"A Brittingham","year":"1996","journal-title":"Parasitol Today"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9536","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1530604100","article-title":"The role(s) of lipophosphoglycan (LPG) in the establishment of <italic>Leishmania major<\/italic> infections in mammalian hosts","volume":"100","author":"GF Sp\u00e4th","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10984","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.20.10984","article-title":"Regulation of the expression of nitric oxide synthase and leishmanicidal activity by glycoconjugates of <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> lipophosphoglycan in murine macrophages","volume":"93","author":"L Proudfoot","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11634","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.21.11634","article-title":"Transbilayer inhibition of protein kinase C by the lipophosphoglycan from <italic>Leishmania donovani<\/italic>","volume":"93","author":"JR Giorgione","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6748","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0900226106","article-title":"<italic>Leishmania amazonensis<\/italic> promastigotes induce and are killed by neutrophil extracellular traps","volume":"106","author":"AB Guimar\u00e3es-Costa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4162","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.11-185165","article-title":"Human cutaneous leishmaniasis: interferon-dependent expression of double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) via TLR2","volume":"25","author":"a. de Carvalho Vivarini","year":"2011","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu158","article-title":"Understanding the Mechanisms Controlling <italic>Leishmania amazonensis<\/italic> Infection In Vitro: The Role of LTB4 Derived From Human Neutrophils","volume":"210","author":"NM Tavares","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3593","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05443.x","article-title":"Developmental modification of lipophosphoglycan during the differentiation of <italic>Leishmania major<\/italic> promastigotes to an infectious stage","volume":"11","author":"MJ McConville","year":"1992","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3100807","article-title":"Structure of <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> lipophosphoglycan: inter- and intra-specific polymorphism in Old World species","volume":"310","author":"MJ McConville","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.2.685","article-title":"Stage-specific binding of <italic>Leishmania donovani<\/italic> to the sand fly vector midgut is regulated by conformational changes in the abundant surface lipophosphoglycan","volume":"181","author":"DL Sacks","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9813","DOI":"10.1021\/bi990741g","article-title":"Intra-species and stage-specific polymorphisms in lipophosphoglycan structure control <italic>Leishmania donovani<\/italic>\u2014Sand fly interactions","volume":"38","author":"AB Mahoney","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(02)00033-6","article-title":"<italic>Leishmania chagasi<\/italic>: Lipophosphoglycan characterization and binding to the midgut of the sand fly vector <italic>Lutzomyia longipalpis<\/italic>","volume":"121","author":"RPP Soares","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2004.05.001","article-title":"<italic>Leishmania tropica<\/italic>: Intraspecific polymorphisms in lipophosphoglycan correlate with transmission by different <italic>Phlebotomus<\/italic> species","volume":"107","author":"RPP Soares","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2004.12.008","article-title":"<italic>Leishmania braziliensis<\/italic>: A novel mechanism in the lipophosphoglycan regulation during metacyclogenesis","volume":"35","author":"RPP Soares","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"333","article-title":"<italic>Leishmania infantum<\/italic>: Lipophosphoglycan intraspecific variation and interaction with vertebrate and invertebrate hosts","volume":"41","author":"JM Coelho-Finamore","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol. Australian Society for Parasitology Inc"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0633-8","article-title":"<italic>Leishmania enriettii<\/italic>: biochemical characterisation of lipophosphoglycans (LPGs) and glycoinositolphospholipids (GIPLs) and infectivity to <italic>Cavia porcellus<\/italic>","volume":"8","author":"L Parana\u00edba","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2015.01.006","article-title":"Differential modulation of macrophage response elicited by glycoinositolphospholipids and lipophosphoglycan from <italic>Leishmania (Viannia) shawi<\/italic>","volume":"64","author":"LFD Passero","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasitol Int. Elsevier Ireland Ltd"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"65","article-title":"The Lipophosphoglycan of <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> Parasites","author":"SJ Turco","year":"1992","journal-title":"The Lipophosphoglycan of"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(03)00160-9","article-title":"<italic>Leishmania<\/italic> lipophosphoglycan (LPG) activates NK cells through toll-like receptor-2","volume":"130","author":"I Becker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2822","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200324128","article-title":"MyD88 is essential for clearance of <italic>Leishmania major<\/italic>: Possible role for lipophosphoglycan and Toll-like receptor 2 signaling","volume":"33","author":"MJ de Veer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-6-54","article-title":"Two biochemically distinct lipophosphoglycans from <italic>Leishmania braziliensis<\/italic> and <italic>Leishmania infantum<\/italic> trigger different innate immune responses in murine macrophages","volume":"6","author":"IC Ibraim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2294","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.5.2294-2297.2004","article-title":"Culture-Independent Species Typing of Neotropical <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> for Clinical Validation of a PCR-Based Assay Targeting Heat Shock Protein 70 Genes","volume":"42","author":"L Garcia","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10384","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)61124-X","article-title":"Structure of the lipid moiety of the <italic>Leishmania donovani<\/italic> lipophosphoglycan","volume":"262","author":"PA Orlandi","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1021\/ac60111a017","article-title":"Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances","volume":"28","author":"M Dubois","year":"1956","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(89)90113-8","article-title":"The immunochemical structure and surface arrangement of <italic>Leishmania donovani<\/italic> lipophosphoglycan determined using monoclonal antibodies","volume":"35","author":"DL Tolson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-6851(94)90146-5","article-title":"Epitope mapping of monoclonal antibodies directed against lipophosphoglycan of <italic>Leishmania major<\/italic> promastigotes","volume":"66","author":"M Kelleher","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2007.11.012","article-title":"Stimulus (polyphenol, IFN-y, LPS)-dependent nitric oxide production and antileishmanial effects in RAW 264.7 macrophages","volume":"69","author":"H Kolodziej","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phytochemistry. Elsevier Ltd"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shapiro SS. JSTOR: Biometrika, Vol. 52, No. 3\/4 (Dec., 1965), pp. 591\u2013611. Biometrika. 1965;","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/52.3-4.591"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2004.03.004","article-title":"Leishmaniasis: Current situation and new perspectives","volume":"27","author":"P Desjeux","year":"2004","journal-title":"Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1590\/S0074-02762005000500013","article-title":"Further observations on clinical, histopathological, and immunological features of borderline disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by <italic>Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis<\/italic>","volume":"100","author":"FT Silveira","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sacks D, Kamhawi S. Molecular Aspects of Parasite-Vector and Vector-Host Interacions in Leishmaniasis. 2001;","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.55.1.453"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001543","article-title":"Glycoinositolphospholipids from <italic>Leishmania braziliensis<\/italic> and <italic>Leishmania infantum<\/italic>: Modulation of innate immune system and variations in carbohydrate structure","volume":"6","author":"RR Assis","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013002187","article-title":"<italic>Leishmania mexicana<\/italic> lipophosphoglycan activates ERK and p38 MAP kinase and induces production of proinflammatory cytokines in human macrophages through TLR2 and TLR4","volume":"141","author":"A Rojas-Bernab\u00e9","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"Structure of <italic>Leishmania mexicana<\/italic> Lipophosphoglycan","author":"T Ilg","year":"1992","journal-title":"Structure of"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2008.04.002","article-title":"<italic>Leishmania mexicana<\/italic>: Participation of NF-\u03baB in the differential production of IL-12 in dendritic cells and monocytes induced by lipophosphoglycan (LPG)","volume":"120","author":"J Argueta-Donohu\u00e9","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S19","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182006000837","article-title":"Phenotypical characteristics, biochemical pathways, molecular targets and putative role of nitric oxide-mediated programmed cell death in <italic>Leishmania<\/italic>","volume":"132","author":"P Holzmuller","year":"2006","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2448","article-title":"Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation","volume":"8","author":"DM Mosser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3297","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.5.3297","article-title":"Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage IL-12 production by <italic>Leishmania mexicana<\/italic> amastigotes: the role of cysteine peptidases and the NF-kappaB signaling pathway","volume":"173","author":"P Cameron","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2009.08.009","article-title":"NF-\u03baB-mediated repression of iNOS expression in <italic>Leishmania amazonensis<\/italic> macrophage infection","volume":"127","author":"TC Calegari-Silva","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.2.1077","article-title":"Activation of the MAPK, ERK, following <italic>Leishmania amazonensis<\/italic> infection of macrophages","volume":"178","author":"Z Yang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-6851(99)00067-5","article-title":"Altered tyrosine phosphorylation of ERK1 MAP kinase and other macrophage molecules caused by <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> amastigotes","volume":"102","author":"A Martiny","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"ref51","article-title":"The human parasite <italic>Leishmania amazonensis<\/italic> downregulates iNOS expression via NF- k B p50 \/ p50 homodimer : role of the PI3K \/ Akt pathway","volume":"5","author":"TC Calegari-silva","year":"2015","journal-title":"Open Biol"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-011-1029-5","article-title":"Identification of TLR inducing Th1-responsive <italic>Leishmania donovani<\/italic> amastigote-specific antigens","volume":"359","author":"A Srivastava","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-012-0246-1","article-title":"Infection of neutrophil granulocytes with <italic>Leishmania major<\/italic> activates ERK 1\/2 and modulates multiple apoptotic pathways to inhibit apoptosis","volume":"202","author":"A Sarkar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1812","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1615326","article-title":"Stage-specific adhesion of <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> promastigotes to the sandfly midgut","volume":"256","author":"PF Pimenta","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/439174","article-title":"Differential midgut attachment of <italic>Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis<\/italic> in the sand flies <italic>Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani<\/italic> and <italic>Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia<\/italic>","volume":"2010","author":"RP Soares","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biomed Biotechnol"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e816","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000816","article-title":"Stage-Specific Adhesion of Leishmania Promastigotes to Sand Fly Midguts Assessed Using an Improved Comparative Binding Assay","volume":"4","author":"R Wilson","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2006.06.012","article-title":"Phlebotomine sand flies and <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> parasites: friends or foes?","volume":"22","author":"S Kamhawi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2006.12.010","article-title":"Sand flies and <italic>Leishmania<\/italic>: specific versus permissive vectors","volume":"23","author":"P Volf","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000580","article-title":"<italic>Leishmania major<\/italic> glycosylation mutants require phosphoglycans (lpg2 -) but not lipophosphoglycan (lpg1-) for survival in permissive sand fly vectors","volume":"4","author":"A Sv\u00e1rovsk\u00e1","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182099006125","article-title":"The vectorial competence of <italic>Phlebotomus sergenti<\/italic> is specific for <italic>Leishmania tropica<\/italic> and is controlled by species-specific, lipophosphoglycan-mediated midgut attachment","volume":"121","author":"S Kamhawi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-5-219","article-title":"The development of <italic>Leishmania turanica<\/italic> in sand flies and competition with <italic>L<\/italic>. <italic>major<\/italic>","volume":"5","author":"A Chajbullinova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2014.05.004","article-title":"Structural comparison of lipophosphoglycan from <italic>Leishmania turanica<\/italic> and <italic>L<\/italic>. <italic>major<\/italic>, two species transmitted by <italic>Phlebotomus papatasi<\/italic>","volume":"63","author":"P Volf","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasitol Int. Elsevier Ireland Ltd"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182013000358","article-title":"The role of surface glycoconjugates in <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> midgut attachment examined by competitive binding assays and experimental development in sand flies","volume":"140","author":"L Jecna","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2014.1736","article-title":"The Flagellar Protein FLAG1\/SMP1 is a Candidate for <italic>Leishmania<\/italic>\u2013Sand Fly Interaction","volume":"15","author":"T Di-Blasi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1462-5822.2001.00115.x","article-title":"<italic>Leishmania<\/italic>-sand fly interactions controlling species-specific vector competence","volume":"3","author":"DL Sacks","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-5-276","article-title":"<italic>Leishmania<\/italic> development in sand flies: parasite-vector interactions overview","volume":"5","author":"A Dost\u00e1lov\u00e1","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1590\/S0001-37652003000300005","article-title":"<italic>Lutzomyia longipalpis<\/italic> (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae): a review","volume":"75","author":"RP Soares","year":"2003","journal-title":"An Acad Bras Cienc"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1444-2","article-title":"<italic>Lutzomyia migonei<\/italic> is a permissive vector competent for <italic>Leishmania infantum<\/italic>","volume":"9","author":"VCFV Guimar\u00e3es","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"ref69","first-page":"20573","article-title":"Deficiency in b1, 3-Galactosyltransferase of a <italic>Leishmania major<\/italic> Lipophosphoglycan Mutant Adversely Influences the <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> -Sand Fly Interaction","volume":"271","author":"BA Butcher","year":"1996","journal-title":"Deficiency in b1, 3-Galactosyltransferase of a"},{"key":"ref70","first-page":"27","article-title":"Detection of <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> lipophosphoglycan binding proteins in the gut of the sandfly vector","author":"RJ Dillon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Detection of"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2006.12.010","article-title":"A lipophosphoglycan-independent development of <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> in permissive sand flies","volume":"9","author":"J Myskova","year":"2007","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004848","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]],"date-time":"2022-07-05T18:49:48Z","timestamp":1657046988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004848"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Alvaro","family":"Acosta-Serrano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004848","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]]}}}