{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T18:07:11Z","timestamp":1784830031262,"version":"3.55.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005259","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,9]],"date-time":"2017-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483920000000}}],"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,27]],"date-time":"2016-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1482796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005259","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,9]],"date-time":"2017-01-09T20:10:45Z","timestamp":1483992645000},"page":"e0005259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Haemophilus ducreyi Cutaneous Ulcer Strains Diverged from Both Class I and Class II Genital Ulcer Strains: Implications for Epidemiological Studies"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Dharanesh","family":"Gangaiah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3435-9911","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stanley M.","family":"Spinola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2201.150425","article-title":"Epidemiology of <italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic> Infections","volume":"22","author":"C Gonzalez-Beiras","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2387","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.4.2387-2399.2005","article-title":"<italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic> outer membrane determinants, including DsrA, define two clonal populations","volume":"73","author":"CD White","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1021\/pr0340025","article-title":"Proteome of <italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic> by 2-D SDS-page and mass spectrometry: strain variation, virulence, and carbohydrate expression","volume":"2","author":"NK Scheffler","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Proteome Res"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01016-06","article-title":"Identification of genes involved in the expression of atypical lipooligosaccharide structures from a second class of <italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic>","volume":"75","author":"DMB Post","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3131","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200600830","article-title":"Proposed second class of <italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic> strains show altered protein and lipooligosaccharide profiles","volume":"7","author":"DM Post","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2941","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.01400-10","article-title":"Rapid Divergence of Two Classes of <italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic>","volume":"193","author":"EE Ricotta","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of bacteriology"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0003918","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003918","article-title":"<italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic> Cutaneous Ulcer Strains Are Nearly Identical to Class I Genital Ulcer Strains","volume":"9","author":"D Gangaiah","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS neglected tropical diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e235","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(14)70019-1","article-title":"<italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic> as a cause of skin ulcers in children from a yaws-endemic area of Papua New Guinea: a prospective cohort study","volume":"2","author":"O Mitj\u00e0","year":"2014","journal-title":"The Lancet Global Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2010.140573","article-title":"<italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic> Associated with Skin Ulcers among Children, Solomon Islands","volume":"20","author":"M Marks","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0459","article-title":"Molecular differentiation of <italic>Treponema pallidum<\/italic> subspecies in skin ulceration clinically suspected as yaws in Vanuatu using real-time multiplex PCR and serological methods","volume":"92","author":"KH Chi","year":"2015","journal-title":"The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1177\/0049475515599326","article-title":"Tropical leg ulcers in children: more than yaws","volume":"46","author":"D Fegan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Tropical doctor"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0003496","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003496","article-title":"A cross-sectional study of &apos;yaws&apos; in districts of ghana which have previously undertaken azithromycin mass drug administration for trachoma control","volume":"9","author":"R Ghinai","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS neglected tropical diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/genomeA.01661-15","article-title":"Draft Whole-Genome Sequence of <italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic> Strain AUSPNG1, Isolated from a Cutaneous Ulcer of a Child from Papua New Guinea","volume":"4","author":"D Gangaiah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genome announcements"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/genomeA.00459-16","article-title":"Complete Genome Sequences of 11 <italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic> Isolates from Children with Cutaneous Lesions in Vanuatu and Ghana","volume":"4","author":"A Pillay","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genome announcements"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0118613","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118613","article-title":"Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis of Non-Sexually Transmitted Strains of <italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic>","volume":"10","author":"JR Gaston","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11147","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011147","article-title":"progressiveMauve: multiple genome alignment with gene gain, loss and rearrangement","volume":"5","author":"AE Darling","year":"2010","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"MEGA7: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets","author":"S Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Molecular biology and evolution"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2640","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks261","article-title":"Identification of acquired antimicrobial resistance genes","volume":"67","author":"E Zankari","year":"2012","journal-title":"The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.7.1303","article-title":"Antimicrobial susceptibility of <italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic>","volume":"34","author":"Y Dangor","year":"1990","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1086\/598966","article-title":"Experimental infection of human volunteers with <italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic>: fifteen years of clinical data and experience","volume":"199","author":"DM Janowicz","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Journal of infectious diseases"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.7.1.39-43.1978","article-title":"Comparison of specimen collection and Laboratory Techniques for Isolation of <italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic>","volume":"7","author":"GW Hammond","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-198401000-00002","article-title":"Comparison of media for primary isolation of <italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic>","volume":"11","author":"H Nsanze","year":"1984","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"1384","article-title":"Chancroid: Results from an outbreak in Houston, Texas","volume":"83","author":"C Jones","year":"1990","journal-title":"SouthMedJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1155\/2005\/851610","article-title":"The laboratory diagnosis of <italic>Haemophilus ducreyi<\/italic>","volume":"16","author":"M Alfa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"119","article-title":"Epidemiology of yaws: an update","volume":"6","author":"WM Kazadi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical epidemiology"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32825a69bd","article-title":"Cervicovaginal HIV-1 and herpes simplex virus type 2 shedding during genital ulcer disease episodes","volume":"21","author":"J LeGoff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aids"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005259","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,9]],"date-time":"2017-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483920000000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005259","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]],"date-time":"2022-07-21T02:13:50Z","timestamp":1658369630000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005259"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Pamela L. C.","family":"Small","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,27]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005259","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005259","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,27]]}}}