{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T20:28:37Z","timestamp":1791404917443,"version":"4.3.3"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005279","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,13]],"date-time":"2017-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484265600000}}],"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,3]],"date-time":"2017-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1483401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI103140-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI103140-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,9]],"date-time":"2017-01-09T20:13:18Z","timestamp":1483992798000},"page":"e0005279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Human Leukocytes Kill Brugia malayi Microfilariae Independently of DNA-Based Extracellular Trap Release"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ciaran J.","family":"McCoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara J.","family":"Reaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steeve","family":"Gigu\u00e8re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruby","family":"Coates","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bal\u00e1zs","family":"Rada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7989-3929","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Adrian J.","family":"Wolstenholme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5488","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6488","article-title":"Exosomes secreted by nematode parasites transfer small RNAs to mammalian cells and modulate innate immunity","volume":"5","author":"AH Buck","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2012.11.011","article-title":"Immunomodulation by helminth parasites: Defining mechanisms and mediators","volume":"43","author":"HJ McSorley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Parasit"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2014.03.007","article-title":"Secretory products of helminth parasites as immunomodulators","volume":"195","author":"W Harnett","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2005.00792.x","article-title":"Immunomodulation by filarial nematodes","volume":"27","author":"A Hoerauf","year":"2005","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0003664","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003664","article-title":"Control, elimination, and eradication of river blindness: scenarios, timelines, and ivermectin treatment needs in Africa","volume":"9","author":"YE Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plos Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"395","article-title":"Advances in Parasitology, Vol 61: Control of Human Parasitic Diseases","author":"EA Ottesen","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1586\/14787210.2013.811841","article-title":"Toward the elimination of lymphatic filariasis by 2020: treatment update and impact assessment for the endgame","volume":"11","author":"MP Rebollo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S49","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000075351","article-title":"Diethylcarbamazine (DEC)\u2014Immunopharmacological interactions of an anti-filarial drug","volume":"105","author":"RM Maizels","year":"1992","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2353","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-013-3399-y","article-title":"Effect of diethylcarbamazine (DEC) on prostaglandin levels in <italic>Wuchereria bancrofti<\/italic> infected microfilaraemics","volume":"112","author":"T Sankari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1038\/325533a0","article-title":"Platelets mediate the action of diethylcarbamazine on microfilariae","volume":"325","author":"JY Cesbron","year":"1987","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"291","article-title":"The effect of diethylcarbamazine on the <italic>in vitro<\/italic> serum-mediated adherence of feline granulocytes to microfilariae of <italic>Brugia pahangi<\/italic>","volume":"39","author":"P Johnson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Tropl Med Parasitol"},{"key":"ref12","first-page":"A518","article-title":"Diethylcarbamazine stimulates nonspecific adherence of human eosinophils and neutrophils","volume":"30","author":"CH King","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clin Res"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2883-4-4","article-title":"Diethylcarbamazine activity against <italic>Brugia malayi<\/italic> microfilariae is dependent on inducible nitric oxide synthase and the cyclooxygenase pathway","volume":"4","author":"HF McGarry","year":"2005","journal-title":"Filaria Journal"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2014.02.004","article-title":"Ivermectin-dependent attachment of neutrophils and peripheral blood mononuclear cells to <italic>Dirofilaria immitis<\/italic> microfilariae <italic>in vitro<\/italic>","volume":"206","author":"AF Vatta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1006\/expr.1997.4160","article-title":"Ivermectin-induced killing of microfilariae <italic>in vitro<\/italic> by neutrophils mediated by NO","volume":"86","author":"H Zahner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.127.4.1611","article-title":"Cellular killing of microfilariae of <italic>Onchocerca-volvulus<\/italic>\u2014eosinophil and neutrophil-mediated immune serum-dependent destruction","volume":"127","author":"BM Greene","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(01)01399-5","article-title":"Neutrophil accumulation around <italic>Onchocerca<\/italic> worms and chemotaxis of neutrophils are dependent on <italic>Wolbachia<\/italic> endobacteria","volume":"3","author":"NW Brattig","year":"2001","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2984","article-title":"Neutrophils prime a long-lived effector macrophage phenotype that mediates accelerated helminth expulsion","volume":"15","author":"F Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature Immunol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0004605","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004605","article-title":"Neutropenic mice provide insights into the role of skin-penetrating neutrophils in the host protective response against filarial infective larvae","volume":"10","author":"N Pionnier","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092385","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria","volume":"303","author":"V Brinkmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200806072","article-title":"Histone hypercitrullination mediates chromatin decondensation and neutrophil extracellular trap formation","volume":"184","author":"YM Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2011.1","article-title":"Dying for a cause: NETosis, mechanisms behind an antimicrobial cell death modality","volume":"18","author":"Q Remijsen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1414055112","article-title":"SK3 channel and mitochondrial ROS mediate NADPH oxidase-independent NETosis induced by calcium influx","volume":"112","author":"DN Douda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2014.02.012","article-title":"Extracellular traps are associated with human and mouse neutrophil and macrophage mediated killing of larval <italic>Strongyloides stercoralis<\/italic>","volume":"16","author":"S Bonne-Ann\u00e9e","year":"2014","journal-title":"Microbe Infect"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-1219-1","article-title":"Leucocyte-derived extracellular trap formation significantly contributes to <italic>Haemonchus contortus<\/italic> larval entrapment","volume":"8","author":"T Munoz-Caro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8088","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803720","article-title":"Neutrophils and macrophages cooperate in host resistance against <italic>Leishmania braziliensis<\/italic> infection","volume":"183","author":"FO Novais","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3657","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00112-08","article-title":"Cooperative role of macrophages and neutrophils in host antiprotozoan resistance in mice acutely infected with <italic>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/italic>","volume":"76","author":"D Takeuchi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4728","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1301589","article-title":"Release of cystic fibrosis airway inflammatory markers from <italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/italic>-stimulated human neutrophils involves NADPH oxidase-dependent extracellular DNA trap formation","volume":"192","author":"DG Yoo","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3346","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00625-13","article-title":"Human and mouse macrophages collaborate with neutrophils to kill larval <italic>Strongyloides stercoralis<\/italic>","volume":"81","author":"S Bonne-Ann\u00e9e","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29241","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M704587200","article-title":"Structure of compstatin in complex with complement component C3c reveals a new mechanism of complement inhibition","volume":"282","author":"BJC Janssen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1109767","article-title":"Neutrophils and macrophages work in concert as inducers and effectors of adaptive immunity against extracellular and intracellular microbial pathogens","volume":"87","author":"MT Silva","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2847","article-title":"Infection-induced NETosis is a dynamic process involving neutrophil multitasking <italic>in vivo<\/italic>","volume":"18","author":"BG Yipp","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3024.2009.01133.x","article-title":"Filariasis and lymphoedema","volume":"31","author":"KM Pfarr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Parasit Immunol"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12793","article-title":"Host genetics and parasitic infections","volume":"20","author":"VD Mangano","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1950","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.4.1950","article-title":"<italic>Brugia malayi<\/italic> microfilariae induce cell death in human dendritic cells, inhibit their ability to make IL-12 and IL-10, and reduce their capacity to activate CD4<sup>+<\/sup> T cells","volume":"171","author":"RT Semnani","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2015.03.001","article-title":"IL-17 and neutrophils: unexpected players in the type 2 immune response","volume":"34","author":"JE Allen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2014.03.003","article-title":"NET formation induced by <italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/italic> cystic fibrosis isolates measured as release of myeloperoxidase-DNA and neutrophil elastase-DNA complexes","volume":"160","author":"DG Yoo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunol Letts"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6488","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1203215","article-title":"Pseudogout-associated inflammatory calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate microcrystals induce formation of neutrophil extracellular traps","volume":"190","author":"L Pang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Immunol"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005279","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,13]],"date-time":"2017-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484265600000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005279","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T17:04:47Z","timestamp":1692637487000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005279"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"John Pius","family":"Dalton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,3]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005279","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005279","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,3]]}}}