{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T10:59:55Z","timestamp":1767178795629,"version":"build-2238731810"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005561","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,10]],"date-time":"2017-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1494374400000}}],"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,28]],"date-time":"2017-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"icddr,b core fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,28]],"date-time":"2017-04-28T13:39:57Z","timestamp":1493386797000},"page":"e0005561","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Risk factors and outcome of Shigella encephalopathy in Bangladeshi children"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Farzana","family":"Afroze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tahmeed","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monira","family":"Sarmin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abu","family":"SMSB Shahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K. M.","family":"Shahunja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lubaba","family":"Shahrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9958-3071","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohammod Jobayer","family":"Chisti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e82601","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0082601","article-title":"Changing trends in the prevalence of Shigella species: emergence of multi-drug resistant Shigella sonnei biotype g in Bangladesh","volume":"8","author":"AI Ud-Din","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"6987","article-title":"High prevalence of atypical class 1 integrons and class 2 integrons in multi-drug resistance Shigella flexneri isolated from China","volume":"6","author":"X-m Wen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Afr J Microbiol Res"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60844-2","article-title":"Burden and aetiology of diarrhoeal disease in infants and young children in developing countries (the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, GEMS): a prospective, case-control study","volume":"382","author":"KL Kotloff","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e353","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030353","article-title":"A multicentre study of Shigella diarrhoea in six Asian countries: disease burden, clinical manifestations, and microbiology","volume":"3","author":"L Von Seidlein","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e64097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0064097","article-title":"Gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal manifestations of childhood shigellosis in a region where all four species of Shigella are endemic","volume":"8","author":"WA Khan","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1177\/000992288202101101","article-title":"Incidence of Convulsions and Encephalopathy in Childhood Shigella Infections Survey of 117 Hospitalized Patients","volume":"21","author":"A Avital","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clinical pediatrics"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1983.02140360045015","article-title":"Convulsions in shigellosis: evaluation of possible risk factors","volume":"137","author":"S Ashkenazi","year":"1983","journal-title":"American Journal of Diseases of Children"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289002901011","article-title":"Acute encephalopathy from shigellosis with localized brain edema","volume":"29","author":"JA Waler","year":"1990","journal-title":"Clinical pediatrics"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.89.6.1189","article-title":"Lethal toxic encephalopathy due to childhood shigellosis in a developed country","volume":"89","author":"A Goren","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e18","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.103.2.e18","article-title":"Central nervous system manifestations of childhood shigellosis: prevalence, risk factors, and outcome","volume":"103","author":"WA Khan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181cb4608","article-title":"Characteristics of children with Shigella encephalopathy: experience from a large urban diarrhea treatment center in Bangladesh","volume":"29","author":"MJ Chisti","year":"2010","journal-title":"The Pediatric infectious disease journal"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S319","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/13.Supplement_4.S319","article-title":"Potentially lethal complications of shigellosis","volume":"13","author":"ML Bennish","year":"1991","journal-title":"Review of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2011.09.005","article-title":"Lethal toxic encephalopathy due to childhood shigellosis or Ekiri syndrome","volume":"45","author":"B Pourakbari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of microbiology, immunology and Infection"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.5.1919-1924.2003","article-title":"Antimicrobial resistance and genetic diversity of Shigella sonnei isolates from western Ireland, an area of low incidence of infection","volume":"41","author":"N DeLappe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of clinical microbiology"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(75)91086-7","article-title":"Shigellosis in day-care centres","volume":"305","author":"J Weissman","year":"1975","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/161.5.961","article-title":"The association of Shiga toxin and other cytotoxins with the neurologic manifestations of shigellosis","volume":"161","author":"S Ashkenazi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.58.1.70","article-title":"Fulminating encephalopathy associated with Shigella flexneri infection","volume":"58","author":"R Sandyk","year":"1983","journal-title":"Archives of disease in childhood"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199512000-00022","article-title":"Brain edema: an underdiagnosed complication of Shigella infection","volume":"14","author":"Z Perles","year":"1995","journal-title":"The Pediatric infectious disease journal"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000120","article-title":"Clinical and radiologic features of encephalopathy during 2011 E coli O111 outbreak in Japan","volume":"82","author":"J-i Takanashi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.3.1455-1460.1999","article-title":"Involvement of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Interleukin-1\u03b2 in Enhancement of Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures Caused byShigella dysenteriae","volume":"67","author":"Y Yuhas","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infection and immunity"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.4.2288-2291.2003","article-title":"Bidirectional concentration-dependent effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha in Shigella dysenteriae-related seizures","volume":"71","author":"Y Yuhas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infection and immunity"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310051144","article-title":"Lethal encephalopathy complicating childhood shigellosis","volume":"158","author":"F Pl\u00f6tz","year":"1999","journal-title":"European journal of pediatrics"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-010-0656-7","article-title":"Arginine-dependent acid-resistance pathway in Shigella boydii","volume":"193","author":"K Goh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Archives of microbiology"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"9","article-title":"Manual for laboratory investigation of acute enteric infections","year":"1987"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268806006029","article-title":"The emerging strains of Shigella dysenteriae type 2 in Bangladesh are clonal","volume":"134","author":"K Talukder","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epidemiology and infection"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60249-5","article-title":"Bubble continuous positive airway pressure for children with severe pneumonia and hypoxaemia in Bangladesh: an open, randomised controlled trial","volume":"386","author":"MJ Chisti","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"651","article-title":"Global burden of Shigella infections: implications for vaccine development and implementation of control strategies","volume":"77","author":"KL Kotloff","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"259","article-title":"Risk factors for mortality due to shigellosis: a case-control study among severely-malnourished children in Bangladesh","author":"J Van den Broek","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1611.090934","article-title":"Decreasing shigellosis-related deaths without Shigella spp.-specific interventions, Asia","volume":"16","author":"P Bardhan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PCC.0000161289.22464.C3","article-title":"Scope and epidemiology of pediatric sepsis","volume":"6","author":"RS Watson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatric Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200207-682OC","article-title":"The epidemiology of severe sepsis in children in the United States","volume":"167","author":"RS Watson","year":"2003","journal-title":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201412-2323OC","article-title":"Global epidemiology of pediatric severe sepsis: the sepsis prevalence, outcomes, and therapies study","volume":"191","author":"SL Weiss","year":"2015","journal-title":"American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Pathophysiology of sepsis","author":"N R","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mvr.2011.02.003","article-title":"ROCK induced inflammation of the microcirculation during endotoxemia mediated by nitric oxide synthase","volume":"81","author":"CC McGown","year":"2011","journal-title":"Microvascular research"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S331","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181b6ed58","article-title":"Sepsis-associated encephalopathy and its differential diagnosis","volume":"37","author":"E Iacobone","year":"2009","journal-title":"Critical care medicine"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2001.tb01599.x","article-title":"Sodium and water homeostasis in children with shigellosis","volume":"90","author":"H Lindblad","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1006\/frne.1994.1007","article-title":"Baroreceptor regulation of vasopressin and renin secretion: low-pressure versus high-pressure receptors","volume":"15","author":"TN Thrasher","year":"1994","journal-title":"Frontiers in neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-009-1323-6","article-title":"New aspects in the pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of hyponatremic encephalopathy in children","volume":"25","author":"ML Moritz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatric Nephrology"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200103153441103","article-title":"La Crosse encephalitis in children","volume":"344","author":"JE McJunkin","year":"2001","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(97)00133-0","article-title":"Severe hyponatremia as poor prognostic factor in childhood neurologic diseases","volume":"151","author":"FA-Z Omar","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of the neurological sciences"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198711053171905","article-title":"Treatment of symptomatic hyponatremia and its relation to brain damage","volume":"317","author":"JC Ayus","year":"1987","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.12.076","article-title":"Hypertonic saline ameliorates cerebral edema through downregulation of aquaporin-4 expression in the astrocytes","volume":"166","author":"H Zeng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61459-8","article-title":"140 mmol\/L of sodium versus 77 mmol\/L of sodium in maintenance intravenous fluid therapy for children in hospital (PIMS): a randomised controlled double-blind trial","volume":"385","author":"S McNab","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2011.03522.x","article-title":"Neurological manifestations of shigellosis in children in southwestern Iran","volume":"54","author":"A Shamsizadeh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics International"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2010.02656.x","article-title":"Subtype prevalence, plasmid profiles and growing fluoroquinolone resistance in Shigella from Kolkata, India (2001\u20132007): a hospital-based study","volume":"15","author":"S Nandy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tropical Medicine & International Health"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.10.005","article-title":"Frequency of isolation of various subtypes and antimicrobial resistance of Shigella from urban slums of Karachi, Pakistan","volume":"13","author":"A Zafar","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4274","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph10094274","article-title":"Strategies to minimize antibiotic resistance","volume":"10","author":"C-R Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"International journal of environmental research and public health"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70166-3","article-title":"Minimising antibiotic resistance","volume":"5","author":"DM Livermore","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Lancet infectious diseases"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005561","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,10]],"date-time":"2017-05-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1494374400000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005561","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,27]],"date-time":"2022-07-27T21:31:43Z","timestamp":1658957503000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005561"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Joseph M.","family":"Vinetz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,28]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,28]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005561","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,28]]}}}