{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T01:53:35Z","timestamp":1788054815399,"version":"build-2784847793"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005706","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,12]],"date-time":"2017-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499817600000}}],"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,29]],"date-time":"2017-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498694400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006506","name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CT\/FINEP\/MS\/SCTIE\/DECIT\u2013CT-SA\u00daDE and FNS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CT\/FINEP\/MS\/SCTIE\/DECIT\u2013CT-SA\u00daDE and FNS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006506","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007396","name":"Minist\u00e9rio da Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNPq No. 520029\/2009-7 and CNPq No. 420580\/2013-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNPq No. 520029\/2009-7 and CNPq No. 420580\/2013-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007396","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014054","name":"Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,29]],"date-time":"2017-06-29T13:33:09Z","timestamp":1498743189000},"page":"e0005706","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Efficacy and safety of available treatments for visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil: A multicenter, randomized, open label trial"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1425-926X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gustavo Adolfo Sierra","family":"Romero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorcas Lamounier","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Henrique Nery","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roque Pacheco","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enaldo Viera","family":"de Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00edlvio Fernando Guimar\u00e3es","family":"de Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Rabello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9a Lucchesi","family":"de Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anast\u00e1cio de Queiroz","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rob\u00e9rio Dias","family":"Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone Soares","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thais Alves","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiana Piovesan","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joelle","family":"Rode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the Collaborative LVBrasil Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e35671","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035671","article-title":"Leishmaniasis Worldwide and Global Estimates of Its Incidence","volume":"7","author":"J Alvar","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Sustaining the drive to overcome the global impact of neglected tropical diseases: Second WHO report on neglected diseases, 2013."},{"key":"ref3","unstructured":"Pan American Health Organization. Leishmaniases: Epidemiological Report of the Americas. Report Leishmaniases N\u00b0 3 \u2013July, 2015"},{"key":"ref4","unstructured":"Pan American Health Organization. Leishmaniases: Epidemiological Report of the Americas. Report Leishmaniases N #4 \u2013July 2016"},{"key":"ref5","unstructured":"Brasil. Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade. Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade. Departamento de Vigil\u00e2ncia Epidemiol\u00f3gica. Manual de vigil\u00e2ncia e controle da leishmaniose visceral. Bras\u00edlia, DF. 2006."},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"Brasil. Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade. Casos confirmados de Leishmaniose Visceral, Brasil, Grandes Regi\u00f5es e Unidades Federadas. 1990 a 2014. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/portalsaude.saude.gov.br\/images\/pdf\/2016\/maio\/20\/LV-Casos.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/portalsaude.saude.gov.br\/images\/pdf\/2016\/maio\/20\/LV-Casos.pdf<\/ext-link>"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e93770","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0093770","article-title":"Mortality and case fatality due to visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil: a nationwide analysis of epidemiology, trends and spatial patterns","volume":"9","author":"FR Martins-Melo","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2982","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002982","article-title":"Risk factors for adverse prognosis and death in American visceral leishmaniasis: a meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"VS Belo","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e584","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000584","article-title":"Control of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Latin America\u2014A Systematic Review","volume":"4","author":"GA Romero","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1674","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001674","article-title":"Sodium Stibogluconate (SSG) &amp; Paromomycin Combination Compared to SSG for Visceral Leishmaniasis in East Africa: A Randomised Controlled Trial","volume":"6","author":"A Musa","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"9764","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)62050-8","article-title":"Comparison of short-course multidrug treatment with standard therapy for visceral leishmaniasis in India: an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial","volume":"377","author":"S Sundar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO technical report series; no. 949, Control of the leishmaniasis: report of a meeting of the WHO Expert Committee on the Control of Leishmaniases, Geneva, 22\u201326 March 2010."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0455-2016","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of amphotericin B deoxycholate versus N-methylglucamine antimoniate in pediatric visceral leishmaniasis: an open-label, randomized, and controlled pilot trial in Brazil","volume":"50","author":"MM Borges","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rev Soc Bras Med Trop"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Brasil. Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade. Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade. Departamento de Vigil\u00e2ncia Epidemiol\u00f3gica. Leishmaniose visceral: recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es cl\u00ednicas para redu\u00e7\u00e3o da letalidade. Bras\u00edlia. Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade; 2011."},{"issue":"4","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1985.34.702","article-title":"Electrocardiographic changes during treatment of leishmaniasis with pentavalent antimony (sodium stibogluconate)","volume":"34","author":"JD Chulay","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref16","first-page":"25","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome) for visceral leishmaniasis in endemic developing countries","volume":"76","author":"JD Berman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0903627","article-title":"Single-dose liposomal amphotericin B for visceral leishmaniasis in India","volume":"362","author":"S Sundar","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"World Health Organization. WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases. Diagnostics Evaluation Series No 4. Visceral leishmaniasis rapid diagnostic test performance. 2011. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/tdr\/publications\/documents\/vl-rdt-evaluation.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.who.int\/tdr\/publications\/documents\/vl-rdt-evaluation.pdf<\/ext-link>"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2012.01.008","article-title":"High frequency of asymptomatic <italic>Leishmania<\/italic> spp. infection among HIV-infected patients living in endemic areas for visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil","volume":"106","author":"M Orsini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"GlaxoSmithKline UK Ltd. Direct Healthcare Professional Communication on Pentostam (sodium stibogluconate) Change to section 4.5 of the Summary of Product Characteristics: Interaction with other Medicinal Product and other forms of Interaction). 21st December 2012."},{"key":"ref21","unstructured":"Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health. Division of AIDS Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events. Version 1.0 ed. 2004. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.niaid.nih.gov\/labsandresources\/resources\/daidsclinrsrch\/documents\/daidsaegradingtable.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.niaid.nih.gov\/labsandresources\/resources\/daidsclinrsrch\/documents\/daidsaegradingtable.pdf<\/ext-link>."},{"key":"ref22","article-title":"Statistics with confidence","author":"D Altman","year":"2000"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-010-0022-3","article-title":"Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in children in the Central-West region of Brazil","volume":"38","author":"YM Brustoloni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Infection"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652015000100005","article-title":"Historical series of patients with visceral leishmaniasis treated with meglumine antimoniate in a hospital for Tropical Diseases, Macei\u00f3-AL, Brazil","volume":"57","author":"LJ Silveira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1086\/507530","article-title":"Liposomal amphotericin B for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"43","author":"C Bern","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1517\/14728214.2012.748036","article-title":"Liposomal amphotericin B as a treatment for human leishmaniasis","volume":"17","author":"M Balasegaram","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Opin Emerg Drugs"},{"issue":"7310","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7310.419","article-title":"Treatment of Indian visceral leishmaniasis with single or daily infusions of low dose liposomal amphotericin B: randomised trial","volume":"323","author":"S Sundar","year":"2001","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1086\/377542","article-title":"Single-dose liposomal amphotericin B in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in India: a multicenter study","volume":"37","author":"S Sundar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1086\/380971","article-title":"Amphotericin B treatment for Indian visceral leishmaniasis: conventional versus lipid formulations","volume":"38","author":"S Sundar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1086\/591972","article-title":"New treatment approach in Indian visceral leishmaniasis: single-dose liposomal amphotericin B followed by short-course oral miltefosine","volume":"47","author":"S Sundar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref31","unstructured":"Directorate of National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) Directorate General of Health Services Minister of Health &amp; Family Welfare. National Road Map for Kala-Azar Elimination;August 2014. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.nvbdcp.gov.in\/Doc\/Road-map-KA_2014.pdf\" xlink:type=\"simple\">www.nvbdcp.gov.in\/Doc\/Road-map-KA_2014.pdf<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(97)70165-3","article-title":"Treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in children with liposomal amphotericin B","volume":"131","author":"L di Martino","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/22.6.938","article-title":"Short-course treatment of visceral leishmaniasis with liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome)","volume":"22","author":"RN Davidson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1086\/367843","article-title":"Two doses of a lipid formulation of amphotericin B for the treatment of Mediterranean visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"36","author":"V Syriopoulou","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2613","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002613","article-title":"Safety and Efficacy of Single Dose versus Multiple Doses of AmBisome for Treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Eastern Africa: A Randomised Trial","volume":"8","author":"EAG Khalil","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref36","article-title":"Leishmaniasis en las Am\u00e9ricas: recomendaciones para el tratamiento","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref37","unstructured":"Brasil. Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade. Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade. <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/portalsaude.saude.gov.br\/index.php\/o-ministerio\/principal\/leia-mais-o-ministerio\/726-secretaria-svs\/vigilancia-de-a-a-z\/leishmaniose-visceral-lv\/13058-ms-amplia-indicacao-de-medicamento-para-o-tratamento-da-leishmaniose-visceral\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/portalsaude.saude.gov.br\/index.php\/o-ministerio\/principal\/leia-mais-o-ministerio\/726-secretaria-svs\/vigilancia-de-a-a-z\/leishmaniose-visceral-lv\/13058-ms-amplia-indicacao-de-medicamento-para-o-tratamento-da-leishmaniose-visceral<\/ext-link>"},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"Brasil. Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade. Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade. Departamento de Vigil\u00e2ncia das Doen\u00e7as Transmiss\u00edveis. Manual de recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es para diagn\u00f3stico, tratamento e acompanhamento de pacientes com a coinfec\u00e7\u00e3o Leishmania-HIV. Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, 1. ed., rev. e ampl.\u2013Bras\u00edlia: Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade; 2015."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005706","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,12]],"date-time":"2017-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499817600000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005706","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,17]],"date-time":"2020-05-17T21:24:16Z","timestamp":1589750656000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005706"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Richard","family":"Reithinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,29]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005706","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.727760623.793537808","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,29]]}}}