{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T14:05:28Z","timestamp":1791986728009,"version":"4.4.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006080","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]],"date-time":"2017-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511308800000}}],"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,10]],"date-time":"2017-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,10]],"date-time":"2017-11-10T13:29:40Z","timestamp":1510320580000},"page":"e0006080","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Effect of water, sanitation and hygiene interventions on active trachoma in North and South Wollo zones of Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A Quasi-experimental study"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9882-2106","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Beselam","family":"Tadesse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alemayehu","family":"Worku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abera","family":"Kumie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Solomon Abebe","family":"Yimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9379","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13914-1","article-title":"Trachoma","volume":"362","author":"DC Mabey","year":"2003","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"ref2","unstructured":"Center of disease prevention and control (CDC). Water, Sanitation and Environmentally-related Hygiene, Hygiene related disease. 2009."},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"421","article-title":"Global WHO alliance for the elimination of blinding trachoma by 2020","volume":"96","year":"2014","journal-title":"Weekly epidemiological record."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref4","first-page":"185","article-title":"National survey on blindness, low vision and trachoma in Ethiopia: Methods and study clusters profile","volume":"21","author":"B Yemane","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ethiopian Journal of Health Development"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e197","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000197","article-title":"Integrating an NTD with one of \u201cthe big three\u201d: combined malaria and trachoma survey in Amhara Region of Ethiopia","volume":"2","author":"PM Emerson","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2439","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002439","article-title":"Integration of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for the Prevention and Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases: A Rationale for InterSectoral Collaboration","volume":"7","author":"MC Freeman","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182009991600","article-title":"Schistosomiasis and neglected tropical diseases: towards integrated and sustainable control and a word of caution","author":"J Utzinger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000367","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000367","article-title":"Hygiene, sanitation, and water: forgotten foundations of health","volume":"7","author":"J Bartram","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"Centre for Disease Control. Guidelines for Management of Trachoma in the Northern Territory Department of Health and Families. 2008."},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"Carter Center ninth annual trachoma control program review. 2008."},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Central Statistical Agency. Population projection of Ethiopia for all regions at woreda level from 2014\u20132017. 2013."},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"Amhara National Regional State (ANRS) Water, Irrigation and Energy Development Bureau. 2014 Annual report on water resource coverage in Amhara National Regional State.2015, Bahir Dar., Ethiopia"},{"key":"ref13","unstructured":"Amhara Trachoma Control Program (ATCP). 2015 report on trachoma. 2017, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia."},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Amhara National Regional State (ANRS) Bureau of Health. 2014 Annual report on health service utilization in Amhara National Regional State.2015, Bahir Dar., Ethiopia"},{"key":"ref15","unstructured":"Organization for Rehabilitation and Development in Amhara (ORDA). One Year Physical Plan VS Accomplishment (May,1 2014\u2014April 30 2015). Bahir Dar, Ethiopia."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-017-0358-3","article-title":"The burden and correlates of active trachoma in North and South Wollo Zones of Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study","volume":"6","author":"T Beselam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infectious diseases of poverty"},{"issue":"52","key":"ref17","first-page":"68","article-title":"WHO simplified trachoma grading system","volume":"17","year":"2004","journal-title":"Community Eye Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001605","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001605","article-title":"Effect of water, sanitation, and hygiene on the prevention of trachoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"ME Stocks","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref19","first-page":"609","article-title":"Effects of improved water supply and sanitation on ascariasis, diarrhoea, dracunculiasis, hookworm infection, schistosomiasis, and trachoma","volume":"69","author":"SA Esrey","year":"1991","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health organization"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"ref20","first-page":"145","article-title":"Reduction of trachoma in the absence of antibiotic treatment: evidence from a population-based survey in Malawi","volume":"8","author":"A Hoechsmann","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ophthalmic epidemiology"},{"issue":"9064","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)01355-X","article-title":"Reduction of trachoma in a sub-Saharan village in absence of a disease control programme","volume":"349","author":"PJ Dolin","year":"1997","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref22","article-title":"Preventing trachoma through environmental sanitation: a review of the evidence base","volume":"78","author":"A Pruss","year":"2000","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"issue":"9415","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15891-1","article-title":"Role of flies and provision of latrines in trachoma control: cluster-randomised controlled trial","volume":"363","author":"PM Emerson","year":"2004","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.75.6.322","article-title":"Latrine ownership as a protective factor in inflammatory trachoma in Egypt","volume":"75","author":"P Courtright","year":"1991","journal-title":"British journal of ophthalmology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.17925\/USOR.2011.04.01.77","article-title":"Trichiasis Recurrence. Why the Surgery Part of Trachoma Control is Still Uncontrolled","volume":"4","author":"KW Sheila","year":"2011","journal-title":"US Ophthalmic Review"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006080","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,22]],"date-time":"2017-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1511308800000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006080","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,22]],"date-time":"2018-10-22T11:24:06Z","timestamp":1540207446000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006080"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Picardeau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,10]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006080","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006080","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,10]]}}}