{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,11]],"date-time":"2026-01-11T00:54:22Z","timestamp":1768092862181,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]],"date-time":"2018-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533168000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]],"date-time":"2018-08-02T13:29:59Z","timestamp":1533216599000},"page":"e0006651","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Simulation of population dynamics of Bulinus globosus: Effects of environmental temperature on production of Schistosoma haematobium cercariae"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8144-0248","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Chester","family":"Kalinda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moses J.","family":"Chimbari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William E.","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsiao-Hsuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julius N.","family":"Odhiambo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samson","family":"Mukaratirwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tree.2011.03.002","article-title":"Frontiers in climate change\u2014disease research","volume":"26","author":"JR Rohr","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends in Ecology & Evolution"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1890\/08-0079.1","article-title":"The ecology of climate change and infectious diseases","volume":"90","author":"KD Lafferty","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1834-5","article-title":"Modelling the spatial and seasonal distribution of suitable habitats of schistosomiasis intermediate host snails using MAXENT in Ndumo area, KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa","volume":"9","author":"T Manyangadze","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2008.78.188","article-title":"Potential impact of climate change on schistosomiasis transmission in China","volume":"78","author":"XN Zhou","year":"2008","journal-title":"The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2011.11.010","article-title":"Large-scale determinants of intestinal schistosomiasis and intermediate host snail distribution across Africa: does climate matter?","volume":"128","author":"AS Stensgaard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Tropica"},{"key":"ref6","unstructured":"Mukaratirwa S, Malone J, McCarroll J, Kristensen T, editors. Satellite surveillance, geographical information systems and the seasonal suitability of environment for the development of the snail-parasite system of urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis in Zimbabwe. Proceedings of the Workshop on Medical and Veterinary Malacology in Africa, Harare, Zimbabwe; 1999."},{"issue":"1","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-014-0617-0","article-title":"Predicting the effects of climate change on <italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/italic> transmission in eastern Africa","volume":"8","author":"N McCreesh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-017-0260-z","article-title":"Effect of temperature on the <italic>Bulinus globosus\u2014Schistosoma haematobium<\/italic> system","volume":"6","author":"C Kalinda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty"},{"issue":"01","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182005008693","article-title":"Global warming and temperature-mediated increases in cercarial emergence in trematode parasites","volume":"132","author":"R Poulin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.12244","article-title":"Experimental warming drives a seasonal shift in the timing of host-parasite dynamics with consequences for disease risk","volume":"17","author":"SH Paull","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ecology Letters"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2015.11.005","article-title":"Transmission dynamics of schistosomiasis in Zimbabwe: A mathematical and GIS Approach","volume":"35","author":"E Ngarakana-Gwasira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14010080","article-title":"Implications of Changing Temperatures on the Growth, Fecundity and Survival of Intermediate Host Snails of Schistosomiasis: A Systematic Review","volume":"14","author":"C Kalinda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.2306\/scienceasia1513-1874.1986.12.023","article-title":"Effects of some physico-chemical factors on the hatching of egg masses and on the survival of juvenile and adult snails <italic>Bulinus (Physopsis) abyssinucus<\/italic>","volume":"12","author":"MA Dagal","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Sci Soc Thailand"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s11273-012-9266-2","article-title":"Human schistosomiasis in wetlands in southern Africa","volume":"20","author":"C Appleton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Wetlands Ecology and Management"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.2307\/2403567","article-title":"Population biology of the freshwater snail <italic>Bulinus globosus<\/italic> in the Zimbabwe highveld","author":"M Woolhouse","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Ecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.2307\/2403328","article-title":"Population biology of the freshwater snail <italic>Bulinus globosus<\/italic> on the Kenya coast. I. Population fluctuations in relation to climate","volume":"22","author":"J O\u2019keeffe","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Ecology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-006-0315-8","article-title":"Effect of temperature on the development of <italic>Schistosoma japonicum<\/italic> within <italic>Oncomelania hupensis<\/italic>, and hibernation of <italic>O<\/italic>. <italic>hupensis<\/italic>","volume":"100","author":"G-J Yang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parasitology Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref18","article-title":"Using physiology to understand climate-driven changes in disease and their implications for conservation","volume":"1","author":"JR Rohr","year":"2013","journal-title":"Conservation Physiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2427.2010.02547.x","article-title":"High temperature enhances host pathology in a snail\u2014trematode system: possible consequences of climate change for the emergence of disease","volume":"56","author":"SH Paull","year":"2011","journal-title":"Freshwater Biology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005365413932","article-title":"Sensitivity of malaria, schistosomiasis and dengue to global warming","volume":"35","author":"W Martens","year":"1997","journal-title":"Climatic Change"},{"issue":"415","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3354\/meps08742","article-title":"Parasites and global warming: net effects of temperature on an intertidal host-parasite system","author":"A Studer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Marine Ecology Progress Series"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jip.2016.05.009","article-title":"Effects of abnormal temperature and starvation on the internal defense system of the schistosome-transmitting snail <italic>Biomphalaria glabrata<\/italic>","volume":"138","author":"MK Nelson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Invertebrate Pathology"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"1","article-title":"How temperature shifts affect parasite production: testing the roles of thermal stress and acclimation","author":"SH Paull","year":"2015","journal-title":"Functional Ecology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1438","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001438","article-title":"Predicting the impact of long-term temperature changes on the epidemiology and control of schistosomiasis: a mechanistic model","volume":"3","author":"TD Mangal","year":"2008","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3800(97)00160-9","article-title":"Simulation of population dynamics of the parasite <italic>Haematoloechus coloradensis<\/italic> in its three host species: effects of environmental temperature and precipitation","volume":"105","author":"S Mar\u00edn","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ecological Modelling"},{"key":"ref26","unstructured":"Wang X. Mathematical models of schistosomiasis transmission, morbidity and control with applications to endemic communities in coastal Kenya: PhD thesis, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America; 2012."},{"issue":"8","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0004028","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004028","article-title":"Ecological model to predict potential habitats of <italic>Oncomelania hupensis<\/italic>, the intermediate host of <italic>Schistosoma japonicum<\/italic> in the mountainous regions, China","volume":"9","author":"H-R Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182012001783","article-title":"Thermodynamics of cercarial development and emergence in trematodes","volume":"140","author":"N Morley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.03.024","article-title":"Climate change effects on trematodiases, with emphasis on zoonotic fascioliasis and schistosomiasis","volume":"163","author":"S Mas-Coma","year":"2009","journal-title":"Veterinary Parasitology"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101462","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101462","article-title":"The effect of increasing water temperatures on <italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/italic> transmission and <italic>Biomphalaria pfeifferi<\/italic> population Dynamics: An agent-based modelling study","volume":"9","author":"N McCreesh","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.2307\/2424810","article-title":"Host-parasite population dynamics of <italic>Haematoloechus coloradensis<\/italic> Cort, 1915 (Digenea: Plagiorchiidae)","author":"NO Dronen","year":"1978","journal-title":"American Midland Naturalist"},{"issue":"842","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1086\/281843","article-title":"The intrinsic rate of natural increase in a pond snail (<italic>Physa gyrina<\/italic> Say)","volume":"88","author":"RM DeWitt","year":"1954","journal-title":"The American Naturalist"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.2307\/3283157","article-title":"The component community structure of larval trematodes in the pulmonate snail <italic>Helisoma anceps<\/italic>","author":"J Fernandez","year":"1991","journal-title":"The Journal of parasitology"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.2307\/3282905","article-title":"A mark-recapture study of trematode parasitism in overwintered <italic>Helisoma anceps<\/italic> (Pulmonata), with special reference to <italic>Halipegus occidualis<\/italic> (Hemiuridae)","author":"TM Goater","year":"1989","journal-title":"The Journal of parasitology"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"657","article-title":"The life cycle of <italic>Haematoloechus coloradensis<\/italic> Cort 1915 (Digenea: Plagiorchiidae), with emphasis on host susceptibility to infection","volume":"1975","author":"NO Dronen","journal-title":"The Journal of parasitology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3800(95)00152-2","article-title":"Testing ecological models: the meaning of validation","volume":"90","author":"EJ Rykiel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ecological modelling"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"Ecological modeling: a common-sense approach to theory and practice","author":"WE Grant","year":"2008"},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"Watson RT, Zinyowera MC, Moss RH. Climate Change 1995 impacts, adaptations and mitigation of climate change: Scientific-technical analysis: Cambridge University Press; 1996."},{"key":"ref39","unstructured":"Paull SH, Johnson PT. Can we predict climate-driven changes to disease dynamics? Applications for theory and management in the face of uncertainty: University of Chicago Press; 2013."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-706X(90)90021-Q","article-title":"Population dynamics model for Bulinus globosus, intermediate host for Schistosoma haematobium, in river habitats","volume":"47","author":"M Woolhouse","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Tropica"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.4081\/gh.2006.284","article-title":"Modeling freshwater snail habitat suitability and areas of potential snail-borne disease transmission in Uganda","volume":"1","author":"A-S Stensgaard","year":"2006","journal-title":"Geospatial Health"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182004005281","article-title":"Patterns of cercarial production from <italic>Diplostomum spathaceum<\/italic>: terminal investment or bet hedging","volume":"129","author":"A Karvonen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026021217991","article-title":"Recent rapid regional climate warming on the Antarctic Peninsula","volume":"60","author":"DG Vaughan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Climatic Change"},{"issue":"02","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1079\/JOH2006341","article-title":"Climate change, parasitism and the structure of intertidal ecosystems","volume":"80","author":"R Poulin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of helminthology"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4894(54)90046-6","article-title":"Effect of snail maintenance temperatures on development of <italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/italic>","volume":"3","author":"M Stirewalt","year":"1954","journal-title":"Experimental Parasitology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-014-0503-9","article-title":"Effect of water temperature and population density on the population dynamics of <italic>Schistosoma mansoni<\/italic> intermediate host snails","volume":"7","author":"N McCreesh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasites & Vectors"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1976.11687111","article-title":"Geology and geomorphology in relation to the distribution of snail intermediate hosts of bilharzia in South Africa","volume":"70","author":"C Appleton","year":"1976","journal-title":"Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2008.01.001","article-title":"Impact of summer droughts on the water quality of the Meuse river","volume":"353","author":"MTH van Vliet","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Hydrology"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"1","article-title":"The role of snail aestivation in transmission of schistosomiasis in changing climatic conditions","author":"O Rubaba","year":"2016","journal-title":"African Journal of Aquatic Science"},{"issue":"25","key":"ref50","first-page":"3","article-title":"Factors influencing the distribution of some species of aquatic snails","volume":"62","author":"AD Harrison","year":"1966","journal-title":"South African Journal of Science"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.03.028","article-title":"Risk factors and micro-geographical heterogeneity of <italic>Schistosoma haematobium<\/italic> in Ndumo area, uMkhanyakude district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","volume":"159","author":"T Manyangadze","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Tropica"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref52","first-page":"1","article-title":"Patterns of geohelminth infection, impact of albendazole treatment and re-infection after treatment in schoolchildren from rural KwaZulu-Natal\/South-Africa","volume":"4","author":"E Saathoff","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.2307\/3281803","article-title":"Field observations on the population dynamics <italic>Bulinus globosus<\/italic>, the intermediate host of <italic>Schistosoma haematobium<\/italic> in the Ifakara area, Tanzania","volume":"72","author":"H Marti","year":"1986","journal-title":"The Journal of Parasitology"}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006651","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]],"date-time":"2019-10-21T15:18:13Z","timestamp":1571671093000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006651"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Kenji","family":"Hirayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006651","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,2]]}}}