{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T07:45:20Z","timestamp":1780991120725,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,16]],"date-time":"2019-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008897","name":"Janssen Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,16]],"date-time":"2019-01-16T18:25:38Z","timestamp":1547663138000},"page":"e0006787","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Efficacy of subcutaneous doses and a new oral amorphous solid dispersion formulation of flubendazole on male jirds (Meriones unguiculatus) infected with the filarial nematode Brugia pahangi"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Chelsea","family":"Fischer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iosune","family":"Ibiricu Urriza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina A.","family":"Bulman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"KC","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiri","family":"Gut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Lachau-Durand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Engelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludo","family":"Quirynen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fetene","family":"Tekle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benny","family":"Baeten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Beerntsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Lustigman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3895-2982","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Judy","family":"Sakanari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10053","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31678-6","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990\u20132015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015","volume":"388","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9747","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60586-7","article-title":"Lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis","volume":"376","author":"MJ Taylor","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00057-10","article-title":"Onchocerciasis: the role of <italic>Wolbachia<\/italic> bacterial endosymbionts in parasite biology, disease pathogenesis, and treatment","volume":"24","author":"F Tamarozzi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"33","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22364","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M901528200","article-title":"<italic>Wolbachia<\/italic> lipoprotein stimulates innate and adaptive immunity through Toll-like receptors 2 and 6 to induce disease manifestations of filariasis","volume":"284","author":"JD Turner","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref5","first-page":"1176","article-title":"The role of eosinophils and neutrophils in helminth-induced keratitis","volume":"39","author":"E Pearlman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"9859","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61689-4","article-title":"for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990\u20132010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010","volume":"380","author":"CJ Murray","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30467-4","article-title":"Effectiveness of a triple-drug regimen for global elimination of lymphatic filariasis: a modelling study","volume":"17","author":"MA Irvine","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ882","article-title":"Efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of coadministered diethylcarbamazine, albendazole, and ivermectin for treatment of Bancroftian filariasis","volume":"62","author":"EK Thomsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8317","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)92753-8","article-title":"Comparison of flubendazole and diethylcarbamazine in treatment of onchocerciasis","volume":"1","author":"A Dominguez-Vazquez","year":"1983","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e497","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000497","article-title":"Feasibility of onchocerciasis elimination with ivermectin treatment in endemic foci in Africa: first evidence from studies in Mali and Senegal","volume":"3","author":"L Diawara","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1825","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001825","article-title":"Proof-of-principle of onchocerciasis elimination with ivermectin treatment in endemic foci in Africa: final results of a study in Mali and Senegal","volume":"6","author":"MO Traore","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-4-205","article-title":"Onchocerciasis in the Americas: from arrival to (near) elimination","volume":"4","author":"K Gustavsen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"9995","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60692-4","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990\u20132013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013","volume":"386","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0003664","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003664","article-title":"Control, elimination, and eradication of river blindness: scenarios, timelines, and ivermectin treatment needs in Africa","volume":"9","author":"YE Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2562","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002562","article-title":"Elimination and eradication of neglected tropical diseases with mass drug administrations: a survey of experts","volume":"7","author":"JD Keenan","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-307","article-title":"Innovative tools for assessing risks for severe adverse events in areas of overlapping Loa loa and other filarial distributions: the application of micro-stratification mapping","volume":"7","author":"LA Kelly-Hope","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-363","article-title":"Multidimensional complexities of filariasis control in an era of large-scale mass drug administration programmes: a can of worms","volume":"7","author":"DH Molyneux","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-706X(91)90015-C","article-title":"The reproductive lifespan of <italic>Onchocerca volvulus<\/italic> in West African savanna","volume":"48","author":"AP Plaisier","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Tropica"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03586.x","article-title":"Filariasis in Africa\u2014treatment challenges and prospects","volume":"17","author":"A Hoerauf","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1582","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001582","article-title":"A research agenda for helminth diseases of humans: the problem of helminthiases","volume":"6","author":"S Lustigman","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1549","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001549","article-title":"A research agenda for helminth diseases of humans: intervention for control and elimination","volume":"6","author":"RK Prichard","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2003.09.004","article-title":"Mass drug treatment for lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis","volume":"19","author":"DH Molyneux","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu467","article-title":"Reaching the London Declaration on neglected tropical diseases goals for onchocerciasis: an economic evaluation of increasing the frequency of ivermectin treatment in Africa","volume":"59","author":"HC Turner","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2169","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002169","article-title":"Uncertainty surrounding projections of the long-term impact of ivermectin treatment on human onchocerciasis","volume":"7","author":"HC Turner","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1179\/000349804225003253","article-title":"An investigation of persistent microfilaridermias despite multiple treatments with ivermectin, in two onchocerciasis-endemic foci in Ghana","volume":"98","author":"K Awadzi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1586\/eri.11.30","article-title":"Flubendazole: a candidate macrofilaricide for lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis field programs","volume":"9","author":"CD Mackenzie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2838","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002838","article-title":"Exploring the potential of flubendazole in filariasis control: evaluation of the systemic exposure for different pharmaceutical preparations","volume":"8","author":"L Ceballos","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2014.06.009","article-title":"<italic>In vivo<\/italic> preliminary investigations of the effects of the benzimidazole anthelmintic drug flubendazole on rat embryos and fetuses","volume":"49","author":"M Longo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.2307\/3277514","article-title":"Development of <italic>Brugia pahangi<\/italic> in the jird, <italic>Meriones unguiculatus<\/italic>, with notes on infections in other rodents","volume":"56","author":"LR Ash","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.2307\/3282631","article-title":"Circulating parasite antigen in <italic>Brugia pahangi-<\/italic>infected jirds","volume":"76","author":"GJ Weil","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.2307\/3279784","article-title":"Studies with <italic>Brugia pahangi<\/italic> 17. The anthelmintic effects of diethylcarbamazine","volume":"64","author":"DA Denham","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"Macrofilaricidal efficacy of single and repeated oral and subcutaneous doses of flubendazole in <italic>Litomosoides sigmodontis<\/italic> infected jirds","author":"MP H\u00fcbner","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"ref33","article-title":"Short-course, oral flubendazole does not mediate significant efficacy against <italic>Onchocerca<\/italic> adult male worms or <italic>Brugia<\/italic> microfilariae in murine infection models","author":"H Sjoberg","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"25","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1638","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1203519109","article-title":"Autophagy regulates <italic>Wolbachia<\/italic> populations across diverse symbiotic associations","volume":"109","author":"D Voronin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0153812","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153812","article-title":"Glucose and glycogen metabolism in <italic>Brugia malayi<\/italic> is associated with <italic>Wolbachia<\/italic> symbiont fitness","volume":"11","author":"D Voronin","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00933547","article-title":"Fine-structure alterations in female <italic>Brugia malayi<\/italic> and <italic>Litomosoides carinii<\/italic> after <italic>in vivo<\/italic> treatment with flubendazole","volume":"76","author":"M Franz","year":"1990","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2015.06.002","article-title":"<italic>In vitro<\/italic> flubendazole-induced damage to vital tissues in adult females of the filarial nematode <italic>Brugia malayi<\/italic>","volume":"5","author":"M O'Neill","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0004698","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004698","article-title":"An <italic>in vitro\/in vivo<\/italic> model to analyze the effects of flubendazole exposure on adult female <italic>Brugia malayi<\/italic>","volume":"10","author":"M O\u2019Neill","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2016.03.003","article-title":"Evaluation of three amorphous drug delivery technologies to improve the oral absorption of flubendazole","volume":"105","author":"M Vialpando","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1093\/mutage\/gev070","article-title":"Genotoxicity of flubendazole and its metabolites <italic>in vitro<\/italic> and the impact of a new formulation on <italic>in vivo<\/italic> aneugenicity","volume":"31","author":"DJ Tweats","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mutagenesis"},{"key":"ref41","unstructured":"Fuchs R. Summary of evaluations performed by the Joint FAO\/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives: Flubendazole: International Programme on Chemical Safety; 2001 [cited 2018]. Available from: <ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.inchem.org\/documents\/jecfa\/jecmono\/v31je02.htm\" xlink:type=\"simple\">http:\/\/www.inchem.org\/documents\/jecfa\/jecmono\/v31je02.htm<\/ext-link>."}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006787","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T08:07:19Z","timestamp":1589011639000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006787"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Roger K.","family":"Prichard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,16]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006787","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,16]]}}}