{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T20:07:50Z","timestamp":1779394070049,"version":"3.53.1"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007724","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,26]],"date-time":"2019-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569456000000}}],"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]],"date-time":"2019-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"WHO\/SEARO\/TDR Small Grants Programme"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007724","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]],"date-time":"2019-09-16T17:31:24Z","timestamp":1568655084000},"page":"e0007724","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Effect of insecticide-treated bed nets on visceral leishmaniasis incidence in Bangladesh. A retrospective cohort analysis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8128-9832","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rajib","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vashkar","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shyla","family":"Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakila","family":"Akter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aditya Prasad","family":"Dash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sujit Kumar","family":"Bhattacharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narayan Prosad","family":"Maheswary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caryn","family":"Bern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shireen","family":"Akhter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Alvar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Kroeger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marleen","family":"Boelaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qamar","family":"Banu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0007724.ref001","first-page":"275","article-title":"The epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Bangladesh and prospects for improved control","volume":"123","author":"C Bern","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res."},{"key":"pntd.0007724.ref002","first-page":"443","volume-title":"Leishmaniasis","author":"RK Sanyal","year":"1985"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0007724.ref003","first-page":"281","article-title":"History of kala-azar in India","volume":"82","author":"PCS Gupta","year":"1947","journal-title":"Ind Med Gaz"},{"key":"pntd.0007724.ref004","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, Switzerland. The Leishmaniasis. Tech Report Series. No. 701. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 1984; 701:1\u2013140."},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0007724.ref005","first-page":"89","article-title":"Return of kala-azar","volume":"65","author":"PCS Gupta","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Indian Med Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0007724.ref006","first-page":"43","article-title":"Visceral leishmaniasis and its control in Bangladesh","volume":"67","author":"M Elias","year":"1989","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0007724.ref007","first-page":"113","article-title":"Resurgence of visceral leishmaniasis in Bangladesh","volume":"61","author":"KM Rahman","year":"1983","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0007724.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3020","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003020","article-title":"How Far Are We from Visceral Leishmaniasis Elimination in Bangladesh? An Assessment of Epidemiological Surveillance Data","volume":"8","author":"R Chowdhury","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0007724.ref009","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2005","journal-title":"Regional strategic framework for elimination of kala-azar from South East Asia region (2005\u00b12015)"},{"key":"pntd.0007724.ref010","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Report of the sixty seventh session, Dhaka, Bangladesh","author":"WHO Regional Committee for South-East Asia","year":"2014"},{"key":"pntd.0007724.ref011","unstructured":"London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases. available at: http:\/\/www.who.int\/neglected_diseases\/London_Declaration_NTDs.pdf; accessed in July 4, 2018."},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0007724.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthpol.2008.01.011","article-title":"Boelaert M, Kroeger A. Present situation of vector control in Bangladesh: a wake up call","volume":"87","author":"D Mondal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"10","key":"pntd.0007724.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0006846","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006846","article-title":"Indoor residual spraying for kala-azar vector control in Bangladesh: A continuing challenge","volume":"12","author":"R Chowdhury","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0007724.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2008.02110.x","article-title":"Vector control by insecticide-treated nets in the fight against visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent, what is the evidence?","volume":"13","author":"B Ostyn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health."},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0007724.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1179\/136485908X355274","article-title":"Visceral leishmaniasis on the Indian sub-continent: a multi-center study of the cost of three interventions for the control of the sandfly vector, Phlebotomus argentepis","volume":"102","author":"M Das","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0007724.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1179\/136485911X12899838683124","article-title":"The Indian and Nepalese programmes of indoor residual spraying for the elimination of visceral leishmaniasis: performance and effectiveness","volume":"105","author":"R Chowdhury","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"issue":"28","key":"pntd.0007724.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8573","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1507782112","article-title":"DDT-based indoor residual spraying suboptimal for visceral leishmaniasis elimination in India","volume":"112","author":"M Coleman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0007724.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1105.040718","article-title":"Risk factors for kala-azar in Bangladesh","volume":"11","author":"C Bern","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis."},{"key":"pntd.0007724.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-7-54","article-title":"Chemical or non-chemical vector control as a contribution to the elimination of Visceral leishmaniasis on the Indian Subcontinent: Cluster Randomized Trials in Bangladesh, India and Nepal","volume":"7","author":"AB Joshi","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0007724.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0682","article-title":"Comparison of insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying to control the vector of visceral leishmaniasis in Mymensingh District, Bangladesh","volume":"84","author":"R Chowdhury","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"11","key":"pntd.0007724.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2010.02635.x","article-title":"Insecticide-treated bed nets in rural Bangladesh: their potential role in the visceral leishmaniasis elimination programme","volume":"15","author":"D Mondal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0007724.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2009.02433.x","article-title":"Determinants of bednet ownership and use in visceral leishmaniasis-endemic areas of the Indian subcontinent","volume":"15","author":"V Vanlerberghe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trop Med Int HealthJan"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0007724.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e587","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000587","article-title":"Effect of village-wide use of long-lasting insecticidal nets on visceral leishmaniasis vectors in India and Nepal: a cluster randomized trial","volume":"4","author":"A Picado","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0007724.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"c6760","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c6760","article-title":"Long lasting insecticidal nets for prevention of Leishmania donovani infection in India and Nepal: paired cluster randomized trial","volume":"341","author":"A Picado","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0007724.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1948-7134.2012.00211.x","article-title":"The role of Palmyra palm trees (Borassus flabellifer) and sand fly distribution in northeastern India","volume":"37","author":"RM Poche","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vector Ecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0007724.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01604.x","article-title":"The economic impact of visceral leishmaniasis on households in Bangladesh","volume":"11","author":"A (D) Sharma","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"pntd.0007724.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2010.02516.x","article-title":"The economic impact of visceral leishmaniasis on rural households in one endemic district of Bihar, India","volume":"15","author":"R Sarnoff","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"pntd.0007724.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2005.09.017","article-title":"The economic burden of visceral leishmaniasis for households in Nepal","volume":"100","author":"S Rijal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg."},{"issue":"12","key":"pntd.0007724.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.2002.00966.x","article-title":"Effect of community-wide use of insecticide-treated nets for 3\u20134 years on malarial morbidity in Tanzania","volume":"7","author":"CA Maxwell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"key":"pntd.0007724.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/128_2011_260","article-title":"Ecotoxicology of Synthetic Pyrethroids","volume":"314","author":"SJ Maund","year":"2012","journal-title":"Top Curr Chem."},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0007724.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1544","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001544","article-title":"A Poor-Quality Generic Drug for the Treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Case Report and Appeal","volume":"6","author":"TPC Dorlo","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0007724.ref032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-018-2913-6","article-title":"Susceptibility of field-collected Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera: Psychodidae) sand flies from Bangladesh and Nepal to different insecticides","volume":"11","author":"R Chowdhury","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"7","key":"pntd.0007724.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1907.120932","article-title":"Reducing Visceral Leishmaniasis by Insecticide Impregnation of Bed-Nets, Bangladesh","volume":"19","author":"D Mondal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0007724.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01807.x","article-title":"Evaluation of a mass distribution programme for fine-mesh impregnated bed-nets against visceral leishmaniasis in eastern Sudan","volume":"12","author":"K Ritmeijer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health."},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0007724.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0004932","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004932","article-title":"Efficacy, Safety and Cost of Insecticide Treated Wall Lining, Insecticide Treated Bed Nets and Indoor Wall Wash with Lime for Visceral Leishmaniasis Vector Control in the Indian Sub-continent: A Multi-country Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"10","author":"D Mondal","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"pntd.0007724.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0005890","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005890","article-title":"Control of Phlebotomus argentipes (Diptera: Psychodidae) Sand Fly in Bangladesh: A cluster randomized controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"R Chowdhury","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007724","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,26]],"date-time":"2019-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569456000000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007724","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,9]],"date-time":"2020-05-09T05:44:41Z","timestamp":1589003081000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007724"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Fabiano","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007724","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007724","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]]}}}