{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T21:18:26Z","timestamp":1790889506801,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007979","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583280000000}}],"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]],"date-time":"2020-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2013-06257"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013-06257"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004441","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SWE-2100-016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SWE-2100-016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004441","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007979","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]],"date-time":"2020-02-21T18:58:08Z","timestamp":1582311488000},"page":"e0007979","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["High risk for human exposure to Rift Valley fever virus in communities living along livestock movement routes: A\u00a0cross-sectional survey in Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2750-7533","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Caroline","family":"Tigoi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosemary","family":"Sang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edith","family":"Chepkorir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4601-7890","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Benedict","family":"Orindi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel Okello","family":"Arum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Mulwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gladys","family":"Mosomtai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samson","family":"Limbaso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7633-3782","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Osama A.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zephania","family":"Irura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2018-8592","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Clas","family":"Ahlm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Evander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0007979.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1702.091666","article-title":"Arbovirus prevalence in mosquitoes, Kenya","volume":"17","author":"AD LaBeaud","year":"2011","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0007979.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres\/2010033","article-title":"Rift Valley fever virus (Bunyaviridae: Phlebovirus): an update on pathogenesis, molecular epidemiology, vectors, diagnostics and prevention","volume":"41","author":"M Pepin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Veterinary research"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0007979.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700340418","article-title":"Enzootic hepatitis or Rift Valley fever. An undescribed virus disease of sheep cattle and man from East Africa","volume":"34","author":"R Daubney","year":"1931","journal-title":"The Journal of pathology and bacteriology"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0007979.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"05","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0288","article-title":"An investigation of a major outbreak of Rift Valley fever in Kenya: 2006\u20132007","volume":"83","author":"PM Nguku","year":"2010","journal-title":"The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0007979.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0291","article-title":"An assessment of the regional and national socio-economic impacts of the 2007 Rift Valley fever outbreak in Kenya","volume":"83","author":"KM Rich","year":"2010","journal-title":"The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene"},{"key":"pntd.0007979.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2018.05.009","article-title":"Rift Valley fever in animals and humans: Current perspectives","volume":"156","author":"CM McMillen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antiviral research"},{"issue":"10","key":"pntd.0007979.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1710.110397","article-title":"Unexpected rift valley fever outbreak, Northern Mauritania","volume":"17","author":"ABO El Mamy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"pntd.0007979.ref008","article-title":"editors. An RVF epidemic in southern Mauritania","author":"A Jouan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Annales de l'Institut Pasteur Virology"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0007979.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1086\/378747","article-title":"Rift Valley fever epidemic in Saudi Arabia: epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics","volume":"37","author":"TA Madani","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0007979.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0802.010023","article-title":"An outbreak of Rift Valley fever in northeastern Kenya, 1997\u201398","volume":"8","author":"CW Woods","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0007979.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0907-1","article-title":"Distribution and diversity of the vectors of Rift Valley fever along the livestock movement routes in the northeastern and coastal regions of Kenya","volume":"8","author":"SO Arum","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasites & vectors"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0007979.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0005341","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005341","article-title":"Distribution and abundance of key vectors of Rift Valley fever and other arboviruses in two ecologically distinct counties in Kenya","volume":"11","author":"R Sang","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS neglected tropical diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0007979.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.23.2.1505","article-title":"Epidemiological processes involved in the emergence of vector-borne diseases: West Nile fever, Rift Valley fever, Japanese encephalitis and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever","volume":"23","author":"V Chevalier","year":"2004","journal-title":"Revue Scientifique et Technique-Office International des Epizooties"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0007979.ref014","first-page":"941","article-title":"Rainfall and epizootic Rift Valley fever","volume":"63","author":"F Davies","year":"1985","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0007979.ref015","first-page":"197","article-title":"Rift Valley fever virus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Phlebovirus). Isolations from Diptera collected during an inter-epizootic period in Kenya","volume":"95","author":"K Linthicum","year":"1985","journal-title":"Epidemiology & Infection"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0007979.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0293","article-title":"Risk factors for severe Rift Valley fever infection in Kenya, 2007","volume":"83","author":"AS Anyangu","year":"2010","journal-title":"The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0007979.ref017","first-page":"493","volume":"3","author":"T Ikegami","year":"2011","journal-title":"The pathogenesis of Rift Valley fever. Viruses"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0007979.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2004.09.018","article-title":"Ocular complications of Rift Valley fever outbreak in Saudi Arabia","volume":"112","author":"A Al-Hazmi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0007979.ref019","first-page":"1047","article-title":"Acute renal failure associated with the Rift Valley fever: a single center study","volume":"20","author":"M El Imam","year":"2009","journal-title":"Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation"},{"key":"pntd.0007979.ref020","volume-title":"Rift Valley fever: consequences of virus-host interactions","author":"M Baudin","year":"2016"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0007979.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12153","article-title":"A Systematic Scoping Study of the Socio\u2010Economic Impact of Rift Valley Fever: Research Gaps and Needs","volume":"62","author":"M Peyre","year":"2015","journal-title":"Zoonoses and public health"},{"key":"pntd.0007979.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-ento-010715-023819","article-title":"Rift Valley fever: an emerging mosquito-borne disease","volume":"61","author":"KJ Linthicum","year":"2016","journal-title":"Annual review of entomology"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0007979.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0003548","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003548","article-title":"Factors associated with severe human rift valley fever in sangailu, garissa county, kenya","volume":"9","author":"AD LaBeaud","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS neglected tropical diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0007979.ref024","first-page":"413","article-title":"The impact of climate change on the epidemiology and control of Rift Valley fever","volume":"27","author":"V Martin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Revue Scientifique et Technique-Office international des \u00e9pizooties"},{"key":"pntd.0007979.ref025","first-page":"46","article-title":"Association of ecological factors with Rift Valley fever occurrence and mapping of risk zones in Kenya","author":"G Mosomtai","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0007979.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-38034-z","article-title":"Global Disease outbreaks Associated with the 2015\u20132016 El Ni\u00f1o event","volume":"9","author":"A Anyamba","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific reports"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0007979.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268810001020","article-title":"Rift Valley fever in Kenya: history of epizootics and identification of vulnerable districts","volume":"139","author":"R Murithi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Epidemiology & Infection"},{"issue":"7","key":"pntd.0007979.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0006627","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006627","article-title":"Systematic literature review of Rift Valley fever virus seroprevalence in livestock, wildlife and humans in Africa from 1968 to 2016","volume":"12","author":"MH Clark","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS neglected tropical diseases"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0007979.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2007.76.795","article-title":"Spectrum of Rift Valley fever virus transmission in Kenya: insights from three distinct regions","volume":"76","author":"AD LaBeaud","year":"2007","journal-title":"The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene"},{"key":"pntd.0007979.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2016.03.013","article-title":"Association of ecological factors with Rift Valley fever occurrence and mapping of risk zones in Kenya","volume":"46","author":"G Mosomtai","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0007979.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0144570","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0144570","article-title":"Predictive factors and risk mapping for Rift Valley fever epidemics in Kenya","volume":"11","author":"PM Munyua","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"pntd.0007979.ref032","unstructured":"Control CfD, Prevention. Rift Valley fever outbreak\u2014Kenya, November 2006-January 2007. 2007."},{"key":"pntd.0007979.ref033","first-page":"2014","volume-title":"Detection of Rift Valley fever virus interepidemic activity in some hotspot areas of Kenya by sentinel animal surveillance, 2009\u20132012","author":"JK Lichoti","year":"2014"},{"key":"pntd.0007979.ref034","unstructured":"KKNB S. Kenya 2009 population and housing census highlights. 2010."},{"key":"pntd.0007979.ref035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dib.2017.11.097","article-title":"Datasets for mapping pastoralist movement patterns and risk zones of Rift Valley fever occurrence","volume":"16","author":"G Mosomtai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Data in brief"},{"key":"pntd.0007979.ref036","volume-title":"Sampling Techniques","author":"WG Cochran","year":"1963"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0007979.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2005.02.008","article-title":"An inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibody to Rift Valley fever virus in humans, domestic and wild ruminants","volume":"127","author":"JT Paweska","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of virological methods"},{"key":"pntd.0007979.ref038","first-page":"101","article-title":"Interval estimation for a binomial proportion","author":"LD Brown","year":"2001","journal-title":"Statistical science"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0007979.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a008945","article-title":"Intraclass correlation estimates in a school-based smoking prevention study: outcome and mediating variables, by sex and ethnicity","volume":"144","author":"O Siddiqui","year":"1996","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"pntd.0007979.ref040","volume-title":"Verbeke, Geert Models for Discrete Longitudinal Data","author":"G Molenberghs","year":"2005"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0007979.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-242","article-title":"Beyond traditional surveillance: applying syndromic surveillance to developing settings\u2013opportunities and challenges","volume":"9","author":"L May","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0007979.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0006353","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006353","article-title":"Enhanced surveillance for Rift Valley Fever in livestock during El Ni\u00f1o rains and threat of RVF outbreak, Kenya, 2015\u20132016","volume":"12","author":"H Oyas","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS neglected tropical diseases"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0007979.ref043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1408.080082","article-title":"Interepidemic Rift Valley fever virus seropositivity, northeastern Kenya","volume":"14","author":"AD LaBeaud","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerging infectious diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0007979.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0440","article-title":"Cross-sectional survey of Rift Valley fever virus exposure in Bodhei Village located in a transitional coastal forest habitat in Lamu County, Kenya","volume":"92","author":"S Muiruri","year":"2015","journal-title":"The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"issue":"7","key":"pntd.0007979.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0132645","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0132645","article-title":"Seroprevalence of infections with dengue, Rift Valley fever and chikungunya viruses in Kenya, 2007","volume":"10","author":"C Ochieng","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS one"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0007979.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0383","article-title":"Seroepidemiological study of interepidemic Rift Valley fever virus infection among persons with intense ruminant exposure in Madagascar and Kenya","volume":"93","author":"GC Gray","year":"2015","journal-title":"The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0007979.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2014.1686","article-title":"Seroepidemiology of selected arboviruses in febrile patients visiting selected health facilities in the lake\/river basin areas of Lake Baringo, Lake Naivasha, and Tana River, Kenya","volume":"15","author":"C Tigoi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"},{"issue":"2_Suppl","key":"pntd.0007979.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0319","article-title":"Rift Valley fever virus epidemic in Kenya, 2006\/2007: the entomologic investigations","volume":"83","author":"R Sang","year":"2010","journal-title":"The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0007979.ref049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0005405","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005405","article-title":"Ethnic groups\u2019 knowledge, attitude and practices and Rift Valley fever exposure in Isiolo County of Kenya","volume":"11","author":"H Affognon","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS neglected tropical diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0007979.ref050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0005383","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005383","article-title":"The One Health approach to identify knowledge, attitudes and practices that affect community involvement in the control of Rift Valley fever outbreaks","volume":"11","author":"OA Hassan","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS neglected tropical diseases"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0007979.ref051","first-page":"122","article-title":"Rift Valley fever in abattoir workers","volume":"26","author":"P Chambers","year":"1980","journal-title":"Cent Afr J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0007979.ref052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0292","article-title":"Rift Valley fever outbreak in livestock in Kenya, 2006\u20132007","volume":"83","author":"P Munyua","year":"2010","journal-title":"The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007979","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583280000000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007979","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,4]],"date-time":"2020-03-04T18:39:42Z","timestamp":1583347182000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007979"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Barker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007979","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007979","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]]}}}