{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T19:22:10Z","timestamp":1782847330889,"version":"3.54.5"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009170","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1616457600000}}],"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003669","name":"Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4837-311-210"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4837-311-210"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003669","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In Korea, typhoid fever is a rare disease due to improved living standards. However, typhoid fever remains a major burden in developing countries and regions, such as India and Southeast Asia. In this study, we isolated\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    Typhi (\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhi) from eight patients with typhoid fever who were travelers returning from India. The strains isolated were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility profiling and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis. All strains were resistant to nalidixic acid and azithromycin. Among them, four isolates were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin (MIC \u226532 \u03bcg\/ml); these strains have not been confirmed in Korea PulseNet DB. According to WGS, the ciprofloxacin-resistant strains belong to the global dominant multidrug-resistant (MDR) haplotype H58 (SNP\n                    <jats:italic>glpA<\/jats:italic>\n                    C1047T,\n                    <jats:italic>SptP<\/jats:italic>\n                    protein Q185* (premature stop codon)) and do not harbor the MDR plasmid. H58-associated SNPs in membrane and metabolism genes, including\n                    <jats:italic>yhdA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>yajI<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>hyaE<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>tryE<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>rlpB<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>metH<\/jats:italic>\n                    , are present. Additionally, phylogenetic analysis assigned the H58 strains to sublineage II, whereas the non-H58 strains are closely related to haplotype H50. The presence of high-level ciprofloxacin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Typhi haplotype H58 in Korea was first confirmed as due to influx from overseas via travelers. This study provides information about intercontinental drug-resistant transmission between countries and suggests that travelers need to be careful about personal hygiene.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T13:51:53Z","timestamp":1614693113000},"page":"e0009170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Emerging high-level ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar typhi haplotype H58 in travelers returning to the Republic of Korea from India"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Eunkyung","family":"Shin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jungsun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Ju","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6898-9340","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ae Kyung","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyoungin","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyerim","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong-hoon","family":"Chun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyu Jam","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chul-Joong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3368-291X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Junyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0009170.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1086\/649541","article-title":"Global Trends in Typhoid and Paratyphoid Fever","volume":"50","author":"JA Crump","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"pntd.0009170.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e570","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(14)70301-8","article-title":"Burden of typhoid fever in low-income and middle-income countries: A systematic, literature-based update with risk-factor adjustment","volume":"2","author":"V Mogasale","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Heal"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0009170.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S165","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy1111","article-title":"Antibiotic Resistance and Typhoid","volume":"68","author":"ZA Dyson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0009170.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3281","article-title":"Phylogeographical analysis of the dominant multidrug-resistant H58 clade of Salmonella Typhi identifies inter-and intracontinental transmission events","volume":"47","author":"VK Wong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0009170.ref005","article-title":"The phylogeography and incidence of multi-drug resistant typhoid fever in sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"9","author":"SE Park","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"MARCH2016","key":"pntd.0009170.ref006","first-page":"1","article-title":"A novel ciprofloxacin-resistant subclade of h58. 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