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In the present study, a serine protease gene from an adult <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>spiralis<\/jats:italic> (Ts-Adsp) cDNA library was cloned, expressed in <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> and purified by Ni-affinity chromatography. Previous studies of our laboratory have found that mice vaccinated with recombinant Ts-Adsp protein (rTs-Adsp) exhibited partial protection against <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>spiralis<\/jats:italic> infection. In this study, the protective effect of rTs-Adsp against <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>spiralis<\/jats:italic> infection in pigs was further explored. The cell-mediated and humoral immune responses induced by rTs-Adsp were measured, including the dynamic trends of specific antibody levels (IgG, IgG1, IgG2a and IgM), as well as the levels of cytokines (IFN-\u03b3, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-10) in the serum. Moreover, the changes in T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and neutrophils were measured to evaluate cellular immune responses in pigs vaccinated with rTs-Adsp. The results indicated that a Th1-Th2 mixed immune response with Th1 predominant was induced by rTs-Adsp after vaccination. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the proportions of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, B cells, and neutrophils in the immunized groups were significantly increased. Furthermore, pigs vaccinated with rTs-Adsp exhibited a 50.9% reduction in the muscle larvae burden, compare with pigs from the PBS group five weeks after challenged. Our results suggested that rTs-Adsp elicited partial protection and it could be a potential target molecule for preventing and controlling <jats:italic>Trichinella<\/jats:italic> transmission from pigs to human.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]],"date-time":"2021-05-10T19:00:09Z","timestamp":1620673209000},"page":"e0009408","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The immune protection induced by a serine protease from the Trichinella spiralis adult against Trichinella spiralis infection in 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