{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T11:07:37Z","timestamp":1767179257040,"version":"build-2238731810"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009577","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,4]],"date-time":"2021-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628035200000}}],"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]],"date-time":"2021-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"One Disease"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Crusted scabies is endemic in some remote Aboriginal communities in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia and carries a high mortality risk. Improvement in active case detection (ACD) for crusted scabies is hampered by a lack of evidence about best practice. We therefore conducted a systematic review of ACD methods for leprosy, a condition with similar ACD requirements, to consider how findings could be informative to crusted scabies detection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods and principle findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted systematic searches in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus and the Cochrane Database for Systematic Reviews for studies published since 1999 that reported at least one comparison rate (detection or prevalence rate) against which the yield of the ACD method could be assessed. The search yielded 15 eligible studies from 511. Study heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. Contact tracing and community screening of marginalised ethnic groups yielded the highest new case detection rates. Rapid community screening campaigns, and those using less experienced screening personnel, were associated with lower suspect confirmation rates. There is insufficient data to assess whether ACD campaigns improve treatment outcomes or disease control.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review demonstrates the importance of ACD campaigns in communities facing the highest barriers to healthcare access and within neighbourhoods of index cases. The potential benefit of ACD for crusted scabies is not quantified, however, lessons from leprosy suggest value in follow-up with previously identified cases and their close contacts to support for scabies control and to reduce the likelihood of reinfection in the crusted scabies case. Skilled screening personnel and appropriate community engagement strategies are needed to maximise screening uptake. More research is needed to assess ACD cost effectiveness, impact on disease control, and to explore ACD methods capable of capturing the homeless and highly mobile who may be missed in household centric models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009577","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]],"date-time":"2021-07-23T13:38:03Z","timestamp":1627047483000},"page":"e0009577","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Active case detection methods for crusted scabies and leprosy: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4130-7880","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Miriam","family":"Glennie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9783-3575","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Karen","family":"Gardner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3484-440X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michelle","family":"Dowden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8878-8837","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bart J.","family":"Currie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"57","key":"pntd.0009577.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(04)57005-7","article-title":"Scabies: new future for a neglected disease.","volume":"57","author":"SF Walton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Advances in Parasitology"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0009577.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2008.08541.x","article-title":"New insights into disease pathogenesis in crusted (Norwegian) scabies: the skin immune response in crusted scabies.","volume":"158","author":"SF Walton","year":"2008","journal-title":"British Journal of Dermatology"},{"issue":"12","key":"pntd.0009577.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0008994","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008994","article-title":"Crusted scabies; a 2-year prospective study from the Northern Territory of Australia.","volume":"14","author":"T Hasan","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases"},{"key":"pntd.0009577.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.07.047308","article-title":"Epidermal parasitic skin diseases: a neglected category of poverty-associated plagues","volume":"87","author":"H Feldmeier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0009577.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2004.08.033","article-title":"Crusted scabies: clinical and immunological findings in seventy-eight patients and a review of the literature","volume":"50","author":"LJ Roberts","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Infection"},{"key":"pntd.0009577.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2371","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe1511805","article-title":"Editorial: Scabies and global control of neglected tropical diseases","volume":"373","author":"BJ Currie","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"pntd.0009577.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0004151","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004151","article-title":"Impact of an Ivermectin Mass Drug Administration on Scabies Prevalence in a Remote Australian Aboriginal Community.","volume":"9","author":"TM Kearns","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0009577.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-0960.2000.00417.x","article-title":"Skin infections and infestations in Aboriginal communities in northern Australia","volume":"41","author":"BJ Currie","year":"2000","journal-title":"Australasian journal of dermatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0009577.ref009","first-page":"1","article-title":"Protocol for the systematic review of the prevention, treatment and public health management of impetigo, scabies and fungal skin infections in resource-limited settings.","volume":"5","author":"P May","year":"2016","journal-title":"Systematic reviews."},{"key":"pntd.0009577.ref010","unstructured":"Gardner, K., Van Gool, K., Van Der Linden N., Agostino J., Campbell M., Dickinson H., Renehan C., Viney R. 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