{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T15:42:22Z","timestamp":1791906142747,"version":"4.3.4"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009610","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627430400000}}],"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]],"date-time":"2021-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"li ka shing global health programme","award":["LG38"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LG38"]}]},{"name":"li ka shing global health programme","award":["LG38"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LG38"]}]},{"name":"The Wellcome Trust Asia Africa Programme"},{"name":"the wellcome trust asia africa programme"},{"name":"The Wellcome Trust Asia Africa Programme"},{"name":"the wellcome trust asia africa programme"},{"name":"the wellcome trust asia africa programme"},{"name":"ministry of research, technology and higher education of the republic of indonesia"},{"name":"ministry of research, technology and higher education of the republic of indonesia"},{"name":"ministry of research, technology and higher education of the republic of indonesia"},{"name":"ministry of research, technology and higher education of the republic of indonesia"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/jats:italic> occurs as a latent infection of liver and a patent infection of red blood cells. Radical cure requires both blood schizontocidal and hypnozoitocidal chemotherapies. The hypnozoitocidal therapies available are primaquine and tafenoquine, 8-aminoquinoline drugs that can provoke threatening acute hemolytic anemia in patients having an X-linked G6PD-deficiency. Heterozygous females may screen as G6PD-normal prior to radical cure and go on to experience hemolytic crisis.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods &amp; findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study examined G6PD phenotypes in 1928 female subjects living in malarious Sumba Island in eastern Indonesia to ascertain the prevalence of females vulnerable to diagnostic misclassification as G6PD-normal. All 367 (19%) females having &lt;80% G6PD normal activity were genotyped. Among those, 103 (28%) were G6PD wild type, 251 (68\u00b74%) were heterozygous, three (0\u00b78%) were compound heterozygotes, and ten (2\u00b77%) were homozygous deficient. The variants Vanua Lava, Viangchan, Coimbra, Chatham, and Kaiping occurred among them. Below the 70% of normal G6PD activity threshold, just 18 (8%) were G6PD-normal and 214 (92%) were G6PD-deficient. Among the 31 females with &lt;30% G6PD normal activity were all ten homozygotes, all three compound heterozygotes, and just 18 were heterozygotes (7% of those).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In this population, most G6PD heterozygosity in females occurred between 30% and 70% of normal (69\u00b73%; 183\/264). The prevalence of females at risk of G6PD misclassification as normal by qualitative screening was 9\u00b75% (183\/1928). Qualitative G6PD screening prior to 8-aminoquinoline therapies against <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>vivax<\/jats:italic> may leave one in ten females at risk of hemolytic crisis, which may be remedied by point-of-care quantitative tests.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]],"date-time":"2021-07-16T17:46:21Z","timestamp":1626457581000},"page":"e0009610","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Genotypes and phenotypes of G6PD deficiency among Indonesian females across diagnostic thresholds of G6PD activity guiding safe primaquine therapy of latent malaria"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3237-2194","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ari Winasti","family":"Satyagraha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7397-4568","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Arkasha","family":"Sadhewa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lydia Visita","family":"Panggalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Decy","family":"Subekti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iqbal","family":"Elyazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saraswati","family":"Soebianto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nunung","family":"Mahpud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alida Rosita","family":"Harahap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Kevin","family":"Baird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0009610.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-397900-1.00003-7","article-title":"Plasmodium vivax: clinical spectrum, risk factors and pathogenesis","volume":"80","author":"NM Anstey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv Parasitol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0009610.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00074-12","article-title":"Evidence and Implications of Mortality Associated with Acute Plasmodium vivax Malaria","volume":"26","author":"JK Baird","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"10195","key":"pntd.0009610.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31096-7","article-title":"Mapping the global endemicity and clinical burden of Plasmodium vivax, 2000\u201317: a spatial and temporal modelling study","volume":"394","author":"KE Battle","year":"2019","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"6 Suppl","key":"pntd.0009610.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0171","article-title":"Diagnosis and Treatment of Plasmodium vivax Malaria","volume":"95","author":"JK Baird","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0009610.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0003595","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003595","article-title":"Modeling the Dynamics of Plasmodium vivax Infection and Hypnozoite Reactivation In Vivo","volume":"9","author":"AI Adekunle","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"pntd.0009610.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001891","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001891","article-title":"Strategies for Understanding and Reducing the Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale Hypnozoite Reservoir in Papua New Guinean Children: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial and Mathematical Model","volume":"12","author":"LJ Robinson","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLOS Med"},{"key":"pntd.0009610.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-13-144","article-title":"Geographical variation in Plasmodium vivax relapse","volume":"13","author":"KE Battle","year":"2014","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"pntd.0009610.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-397900-1.00002-5","volume":"80","author":"NJ White","year":"2012","journal-title":"Relapse. Adv Parasitol"},{"key":"pntd.0009610.ref009","first-page":"966","volume-title":"Malariology: a comprehensive survey of all aspects of this group of diseases from a global standpoint","author":"SF Kitchen","year":"1949"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0009610.ref010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-020-1497-0","article-title":"The risk of morbidity and mortality following recurrent malaria in Papua, Indonesia: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"18","author":"S Dini","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"pntd.0009610.ref011","volume-title":"Control and elimination of Plasmodium vivax malaria: a technical brief","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2015"},{"key":"pntd.0009610.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-13-418","article-title":"Primaquine: the risks and the benefits","volume":"13","author":"EA Ashley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"11","key":"pntd.0009610.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001339","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001339","article-title":"G6PD Deficiency Prevalence and Estimates of Affected Populations in Malaria Endemic Countries: A Geostatistical Model-Based Map","volume":"9","author":"RE Howes","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLOS Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0009610.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hoc.2015.11.006","article-title":"Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency","volume":"30","author":"L Luzzatto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hematol Oncol Clin North Am."},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0009610.ref015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.12665","article-title":"G6PD deficiency: a classic example of pharmacogenetics with on-going clinical implications","volume":"164","author":"L Luzzatto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0009610.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0228207","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0228207","article-title":"Evaluation of the CareStartTM glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) rapid diagnostic test in the field settings and assessment of perceived risk from primaquine at the community level in Cambodia.","volume":"15","author":"B Wojnarski","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS ONE."},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0009610.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0152304","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152304","article-title":"Validation of G6PD Point-of-Care Tests among Healthy Volunteers in Yangon, Myanmar","volume":"11","author":"NN Oo","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0009610.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0148172","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148172","article-title":"Comparison of Three Screening Test Kits for G6PD Enzyme Deficiency: Implications for Its Use in the Radical Cure of Vivax Malaria in Remote and Resource-Poor Areas in the Philippines","volume":"11","author":"FE Espino","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"12","key":"pntd.0009610.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002992","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002992","article-title":"Performance of the Access Bio\/CareStart rapid diagnostic test for the detection of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"B Ley","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLOS Med"},{"key":"pntd.0009610.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1038\/srep00299","article-title":"A novel cytofluorometric assay for the detection and quantification of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency","volume":"2","author":"SS Shah","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"pntd.0009610.ref021","article-title":"Performance of the Access Bio\/CareStart rapid diagnostic test for the detection of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","author":"B Ley","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Med [Internet]."},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0009610.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0196716","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0196716","article-title":"Validation of the quantitative point-of-care CareStart biosensor for assessment of G6PD activity in venous blood. Schallig HDFH, editor","volume":"13","author":"G Bancone","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0009610.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002224","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002224","article-title":"Haemolysis in G6PD Heterozygous Females Treated with Primaquine for Plasmodium vivax Malaria: A Nested Cohort in a Trial of Radical Curative Regimens","volume":"14","author":"CS Chu","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLOS Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"pntd.0009610.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4123","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-03-416032","article-title":"Clinical spectrum and severity of hemolytic anemia in glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient children receiving dapsone","volume":"120","author":"A Pamba","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0009610.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0003602","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003602","article-title":"G6PD Deficiency at Sumba in Eastern Indonesia Is Prevalent, Diverse and Severe: Implications for Primaquine Therapy against Relapsing Vivax Malaria","volume":"9","author":"AW Satyagraha","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0009610.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0004457","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004457","article-title":"Assessment of Point-of-Care Diagnostics for G6PD Deficiency in Malaria Endemic Rural Eastern Indonesia","volume":"10","author":"AW Satyagraha","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0009610.ref027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-020-3123-1","article-title":"Vivax malaria in pregnancy and lactation: a long way to health equity","volume":"19","author":"T Brummaier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0009610.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(88)90047-4","article-title":"A simple method for DNA purification from peripheral blood","volume":"174","author":"TA Ciulla","year":"1988","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0009610.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/162.4.1849","article-title":"Nucleotide Variability at G6pd and the Signature of Malarial Selection in Humans","volume":"162","author":"MA Saunders","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0009610.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2014.09.009","article-title":"Noninferiority of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency diagnosis by a point-of-care rapid test vs the laboratory fluorescent spot test demonstrated by copper inhibition in normal human red blood cells","volume":"165","author":"JK Baird","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transl Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0009610.ref031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.14-0194","article-title":"Comparison of Quantitative and Qualitative Tests for Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency","volume":"91","author":"N LaRue","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"pntd.0009610.ref032","first-page":"21","article-title":"Optimizing G6PD testing for Plasmodium vivax case management: why sex, counseling, and community engagement matter.","volume":"5","author":"CS Chu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Res."},{"issue":"46","key":"pntd.0009610.ref033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6846a4","article-title":"Guidance for Using Tafenoquine for Prevention and Antirelapse Therapy for Malaria\u2014United States, 2019","volume":"68","author":"JC Haston","year":"2019","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"12","key":"pntd.0009610.ref034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1968","DOI":"10.1086\/324081","article-title":"A New Primaquine Analogue, Tafenoquine (WR 238605), for Prophylaxis against Plasmodium falciparum Malaria.","volume":"33","author":"GD Shanks","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0009610.ref035","article-title":"Hemolytic Potential of Tafenoquine in Female Volunteers Heterozygous for Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency (G6PD Mahidol Variant) versus G6PD-Normal Volunteers","author":"R Rueangweerayut","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"pntd.0009610.ref036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15100.1","article-title":"The impact of using primaquine without prior G6PD testing: a case series describing the obstacles to the medical management of haemolysis.","volume":"4","author":"CS Chu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Res."},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0009610.ref037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz122","article-title":"Clinical Spectrum of Primaquine-induced Hemolysis in Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency: A 9-Year Hospitalization-based Study From the Brazilian Amazon","volume":"69","author":"JD Brito-Sousa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis Off Publ Infect Dis Soc Am"},{"key":"pntd.0009610.ref038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-12-418","article-title":"Spatial distribution of G6PD deficiency variants across malaria-endemic regions","volume":"12","author":"RE Howes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Malar J"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0009610.ref039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00011-19","article-title":"8-Aminoquinoline Therapy for Latent Malaria","volume":"32","author":"JK Baird","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"14","key":"pntd.0009610.ref040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1301936","article-title":"Primaquine Failure and Cytochrome P-450 2D6 in Plasmodium vivax Malaria","volume":"369","author":"JW Bennett","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"pntd.0009610.ref041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2016.03.011","article-title":"Primaquine pharmacology in the context of CYP 2D6 pharmacogenomics: Current state of the art","volume":"161","author":"SR Marcsisin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0009610.ref042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e181449","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2018.1449","article-title":"Association of Impaired Cytochrome P450 2D6 Activity Genotype and Phenotype With Therapeutic Efficacy of Primaquine Treatment for Latent Plasmodium vivax Malaria","volume":"1","author":"JK Baird","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"pntd.0009610.ref043","article-title":"The risk of morbidity and mortality following recurrent malaria in Papua, Indonesia: a retrospective cohort study.","author":"S Dini","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0009610.ref044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-019-2745-7","article-title":"Safety of primaquine in infants with Plasmodium vivax malaria in Papua, Indonesia","volume":"18","author":"A Setyadi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0009610.ref045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002379","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002379","article-title":"Unsupervised primaquine for the treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria relapses in southern Papua: A hospital-based cohort study","volume":"14","author":"NM Douglas","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLOS Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0009610.ref046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0612","article-title":"Evaluation of a Novel Quantitative Test for Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency: Bringing Quantitative Testing for Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Closer to the Patient","volume":"100","author":"S Pal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"11","key":"pntd.0009610.ref047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0206331","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0206331","article-title":"Field evaluation of quantitative point of care diagnostics to measure glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity","volume":"13","author":"MS Alam","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLOS ONE."},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0009610.ref048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0006230","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006230","article-title":"Use of primaquine and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency testing: Divergent policies and practices in malaria endemic countries","volume":"12","author":"J Recht","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009610","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627430400000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009610","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T17:43:22Z","timestamp":1627494202000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009610"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Wuelton Marcelo","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009610","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009610","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]]}}}