{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T09:28:50Z","timestamp":1769246930067,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]],"date-time":"2021-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"unicef bangladesh","award":["GR-01875"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR-01875"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Bangladesh experienced a sudden, large influx of forcibly displaced persons from Myanmar in August 2017. A cholera outbreak occurred in the displaced population during September-December 2019. This study aims to describe the epidemiologic characteristics of cholera patients who were hospitalized in diarrhea treatment centers (DTCs) and sought care from settlements of Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals (FDMN) as well as host country nationals during the cholera outbreak.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Diarrhea Treatment Center (DTC) based surveillance was carried out among the FDMN and host population in Teknaf and Leda DTCs hospitalized for cholera during September-December 2019.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>During the study period, 147 individuals with cholera were hospitalized. The majority, 72% of patients reported to Leda DTC. Nearly 65% sought care from FDMN settlements. About 47% of the cholera individuals were children less than 5 years old and 42% were aged 15 years and more. Half of the cholera patients were females. FDMN often reported from Camp # 26 (45%), followed by Camp # 24 (36%), and Camp # 27 (12%). Eighty-two percent of the cholera patients reported watery diarrhea. Some or severe dehydration was observed in 65% of cholera individuals. Eighty-one percent of people with cholera received pre-packaged ORS at home. About 88% of FDMN cholera patients reported consumption of public tap water. Pit latrine without water seal was often used by FDMN cholera individuals (78%).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Vigilance for cholera patients by routine surveillance, preparedness, and response readiness for surges and oral cholera vaccination campaigns can alleviate the threats of cholera.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]],"date-time":"2021-09-22T18:37:53Z","timestamp":1632335873000},"page":"e0009618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Cholera outbreak in Forcibly Displaced Myanmar National (FDMN) from a small population segment in Cox\u2019s Bazar, Bangladesh, 2019"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8343-4653","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Abu S. G.","family":"Faruque","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azharul Islam","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baitun","family":"Nahar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0093-8280","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"S. M. Rafiqul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9721-5603","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"M. Nasif","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syed Asif","family":"Abdullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5121-4779","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Soroar Hossain","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Md. Sabbir","family":"Hossain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feroz Hayat","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mukeshkumar","family":"Prajapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yulia","family":"Widiati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. S. M. Mainul","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Minjoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennie","family":"Musto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maya","family":"Vandenent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John David","family":"Clemens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tahmeed","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref001"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2074","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2411.181237","article-title":"World health organization early warning, alert and response system in the Rohingya crisis, Bangladesh, 2017\u20132018","volume":"24","author":"B Karo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5210","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j5210","article-title":"Imminent health crises among the Rohingya people of Myanmar The international community must act to stop \u201cslow burning genocide.\u201d","volume":"359","author":"NS Pocock","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref004","first-page":"2233","volume-title":"The Lancet","author":"D Villasana","year":"2017"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref005","first-page":"8","article-title":"Health risks of Rohingya refugee population in Bangladesh: A call for global attention","author":"MM Islam","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Glob Health"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)30507-X","article-title":"WHO and the health crisis among the Rohingya people of Myanmar","volume":"389","author":"J Kennedy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.3390\/rs10050689","article-title":"Rohingya Refugee Crisis and Forest Cover Change in Teknaf, Bangladesh","volume":"10","author":"M Hassan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Remote Sens"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref008","first-page":"1877","article-title":"Emergency deployment of oral cholera vaccine for the Rohingya in Bangladesh","author":"F Qadri","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Lancet. Lancet Publishing Group"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2882","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2019.1616502","article-title":"Post-vaccination campaign coverage evaluation of oral cholera vaccine, oral polio vaccine and measles\u2013rubella vaccine among Forcibly Displaced Myanmar Nationals in Bangladesh","volume":"15","author":"AI Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Vaccines Immunother"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref010","first-page":"14","article-title":"Immunogenicity of a killed bivalent whole cell oral cholera vaccine in forcibly displaced Myanmar nationals in cox\u2019s bazar, Bangladesh","author":"F Chowdhury","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref011","first-page":"13","article-title":"Cholera prevention and control in refugee settings: Successes and continued challenges","author":"K Shannon","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref012","first-page":"283","volume-title":"Annual Review of Public Health","author":"MJ Toole","year":"1997"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref013","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Enhancing public health through mass vaccination in Cox\u2019s Bazar: two weeks of oral cholera vaccination campaign. 2019 [cited 8 Aug 2020]. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/bangladesh\/news\/detail\/22-12-2019-enhancing-public-health-through-mass-vaccination-in-cox-s-bazar-one-week-of-oral-cholera-vaccination-campaign"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref014","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Cholera vaccination campaign launched to protect 635,000 people in Cox\u2019s Bazar. In: World health Organization [Internet]. 2019 [cited 8 Aug 2020]. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/bangladesh\/news\/detail\/09-12-2019-cholera-vaccination-campaign-launched-to-protect-635-000-people-in-cox-s-bazar"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref015","volume-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health","author":"AH Milton","year":"2017"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaw9474","article-title":"Rohingya refugees and the environment","volume":"364","author":"SA Mukul","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science (80-)"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref017","article-title":"Surveillance of patients attending a diarrhoeal disease hospital in Bangladesh","author":"BJ Stoll","year":"1982","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.3003","article-title":"Etiological diversity of diarrhoeal disease in Bangladesh","volume":"7","author":"SK Das","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Infect Dev Ctries"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref019","first-page":"103","article-title":"Changing Susceptibility Pattern of Vibrio cholerae O1 Isolates to Commonly Used Antibiotics in the Largest Diarrheal Disease Hospital in Bangladesh during 2000\u20132018","author":"I Parvin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref020","first-page":"A127","volume-title":"Vaccine","author":"MT Islam","year":"2020"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref021","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Ending Cholera A Global Roadmap to 2030. 2017. Available: https:\/\/www.who.int\/cholera\/publications\/global-roadmap\/en\/"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2206.151592","article-title":"Population-level effect of cholera vaccine on displaced populations, South Sudan, 2014","volume":"22","author":"AS Azman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref023","first-page":"2011","article-title":"Oral vaccines for preventing cholera","author":"D Sinclair","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref024","first-page":"14","article-title":"Risk factors for diarrhea hospitalization in Bangladesh, 2000\u20132008: A case-case study of cholera and shigellosis","author":"D V Colombara","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref025","first-page":"435","volume-title":"Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy","author":"DT Leung","year":"2012"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)17481-3","article-title":"Communicable diseases in complex emergencies: Impact and challenges","author":"MA Connolly","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet. Lancet"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref027","first-page":"452","volume-title":"Vaccine","author":"F Qadri","year":"2013"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.12641","article-title":"Comparison of immune responses to a killed bivalent whole cell oral cholera vaccine between endemic and less endemic settings","volume":"21","author":"SN Desai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Heal"},{"key":"pntd.0009618.ref029","first-page":"8","article-title":"Immunogenicity and efficacy of oral vaccines in developing countries: Lessons from a live cholera vaccine","author":"MM Levine","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Biol"}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009618","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]],"date-time":"2021-09-22T18:38:34Z","timestamp":1632335914000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009618"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Vasantha kumari","family":"Neela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009618","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,22]]}}}