{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T14:08:12Z","timestamp":1784124492035,"version":"3.55.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009647","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,6]],"date-time":"2021-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628208000000}}],"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"national institute of allergy and infectious diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21AI130485"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AI130485"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"national institute of allergy and infectious diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R21AI130485"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21AI130485"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"wellcome trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["209336\/Z\/17\/7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["209336\/Z\/17\/7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"wellcome trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["209336\/Z\/17\/7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["209336\/Z\/17\/7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The sand fly <jats:italic>Phlebotomus perniciosus<\/jats:italic> is the main vector of <jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic>, etiological agent of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in the Western Mediterranean basin. Dogs are the main reservoir host of this disease. The main objective of this study was to determine, under both laboratory and field conditions, if dogs infected with <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>infantum<\/jats:italic>, were more attractive to female <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>perniciosus<\/jats:italic> than uninfected dogs.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methodology\/Principal findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We carried out a series of host choice experiments and found that infected dogs were significantly more attractive to <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>perniciosus<\/jats:italic> than uninfected dogs in the laboratory as well as in the field. Significantly more <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>perniciosus<\/jats:italic> fed on infected dogs than on uninfected dogs. However, the fecundity of <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>perniciosus<\/jats:italic> fed on infected dogs was adversely impacted compared to uninfected dogs by lowering the number of laid eggs. <jats:italic>Phlebotomus perfiliewi<\/jats:italic>, the second most abundant sand fly species in the field site and a competent vector of <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>infantum<\/jats:italic> had similar trends of attractivity as <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>perniciosus<\/jats:italic> toward infected dogs under field conditions.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The results strongly suggest that <jats:italic>L<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>infantum<\/jats:italic> causes physiological changes in the reservoir host which lead to the host becoming more attractive to both male and female <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>perniciosus<\/jats:italic>. These changes are likely to improve the chance of successful transmission because of increased contact with infected hosts and therefore, infected dogs should be particularly targeted in the control of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in North Africa.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009647","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,27]],"date-time":"2021-07-27T17:42:45Z","timestamp":1627407765000},"page":"e0009647","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Enhanced attraction of sand fly vectors of Leishmania infantum to dogs infected with zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0336-0146","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ifhem","family":"Chelbi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3657-7293","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Khouloud","family":"Maghraoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7491-6271","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sami","family":"Zhioua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saifedine","family":"Cherni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imen","family":"Labidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhay","family":"Satoskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9196-8516","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"James G. 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