{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T02:28:56Z","timestamp":1789093736365,"version":"build-2803163510"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009803","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,4]],"date-time":"2021-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635984000000}}],"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]],"date-time":"2021-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013844","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Mundo Sano","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013844","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008054","name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Ram\u00f3n Areces","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Juan de la Cierva","award":["FJC-2018-38305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FJC-2018-38305"]}]},{"name":"Ram\u00f3n y Cajal","award":["RYC-2015-18368"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RYC-2015-18368"]}]},{"name":"Junta de Castilla y Leon"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004895","name":"Fondo Social Europeo","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["LE-135-19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LE-135-19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004895","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"CERCA Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya"},{"name":"government of mozambique"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004892","name":"agencia espa\u00f1ola de cooperaci\u00f3n internacional para el desarrollo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004892","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"prof. dr. p.c. flu foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>World Health Organization goals against soil-transmitted helminthiases (STH) are pointing towards seeking their elimination as a public health problem: reducing to less than 2% the proportion of moderate and heavy infections. Some regions are reaching WHO goals, but transmission could rebound if strategies are discontinued without an epidemiological evaluation. For that, sensitive diagnostic methods to detect low intensity infections and localization of ongoing transmission are crucial. In this work, we estimated and compared the STH infection as obtained by different diagnostic methods in a low intensity setting. We conducted a cross-sectional study enrolling 792 participants from a district in Mozambique. Two stool samples from two consecutive days were collected from each participant. Samples were analysed by Telemann, Kato-Katz and qPCR for STH detection. We evaluated diagnostic sensitivity using a composite reference standard. By geostatistical methods, we estimated neighbourhood prevalence of at least one STH infection for each diagnostic method. We used environmental, demographical and socioeconomical indicators to account for any existing spatial heterogeneity in infection. qPCR was the most sensitive technique compared to composite reference standard: 92% (CI: 83%\u2013 97%) for <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>, 95% (CI: 88%\u2013 98%) for <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>trichiura<\/jats:italic> and 95% (CI: 91%\u2013 97%) for hookworm. qPCR also estimated the highest neighbourhood prevalences for at least one STH infection in a low intensity setting. While 10% of the neighbourhoods showed a prevalence above 20% when estimating with single Kato-Katz from one stool and Telemann from one stool, 86% of the neighbourhoods had a prevalence above 20% when estimating with qPCR. In low intensity settings, STH estimated prevalence of infection may be underestimated if based on Kato-Katz. qPCR diagnosis outperformed the microscopy methods. Thus, implementation of qPCR based predictive maps at STH control and elimination programmes would disclose hidden transmission and facilitate targeted interventions for transmission interruption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0009803","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]],"date-time":"2021-10-25T17:32:08Z","timestamp":1635183128000},"page":"e0009803","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Towards soil-transmitted helminths transmission interruption: The impact of diagnostic tools on infection prediction in a low intensity setting in Southern Mozambique"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7320-0965","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Berta","family":"Grau-Pujol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7127-205X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Helena","family":"Mart\u00ed-Soler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9424-7503","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Valdemiro","family":"Escola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Demontis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose Carlos","family":"Jamine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5519-738X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Javier","family":"Gandasegui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5226-4858","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Osvaldo","family":"Muchisse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8898-992X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria","family":"Cambra-Pellej\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anelsio","family":"Cossa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3723-1895","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria","family":"Martinez-Valladares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charfudin","family":"Sacoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8170-1172","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lisette","family":"Van Lieshout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9864-5058","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jorge","family":"Cano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0640-181X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emanuele","family":"Giorgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0009803.ref001","volume-title":"Soil-transmitted helminth infections Fact sheet","author":"WHO","year":"2019"},{"key":"pntd.0009803.ref002","volume-title":"Ending the neglect to attain the Sustainable Development Goals: A road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021\u20132030","year":"2020"},{"issue":"8","key":"pntd.0009803.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0008505","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008505","article-title":"The global progress of soil-transmitted helminthiases control in 2020 and World Health Organization targets for 2030","volume":"14","author":"A Montresor","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS neglected tropical diseases"},{"issue":"10","key":"pntd.0009803.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0008739","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0008739","article-title":"Elimination of STH morbidity in Zimbabwe: Results of 6 years of deworming intervention for school-age children","volume":"14","author":"N Midzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS neglected tropical diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0009803.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3875-z","article-title":"What does soil-transmitted helminth elimination look like? 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