{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T22:16:08Z","timestamp":1784585768243,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Lymphatic filariasis causes long term morbidity and hampers the socio-economic status. Apart from the available treatments and medication, control of vector population <jats:italic>Culex quinquefasciatus<\/jats:italic> Say through the use of chemical insecticides is a widely applied strategy. However, the unrestrained application of these insecticides over many decades has led to resistance development in the vectors.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In order to determine the insecticide susceptibility\/resistance status of <jats:italic>Cx<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>quinquefasciatus<\/jats:italic> from two filariasis endemic districts of West Bengal, India, wild mosquito populations were collected and assayed against six different insecticides and presence of L1014F; L1014S kdr mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene was also screened along with the use of synergists to evaluate the role of major detoxifying enzymes in resistance development.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The collected mosquito populations showed severe resistance to insecticides and the two synergists used\u2013PBO (piperonyl butoxide) and TPP (triphenyl phosphate), were unable to restore the susceptibility status of the vector thereupon pointing towards a minor role of metabolic enzymes. kdr mutations were present in the studied populations in varying percent with higher L1014F frequency indicating its association with the observed resistance to pyrethroids and DDT. This study reports L1014S mutation in <jats:italic>Cx<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>quinquefasciatus<\/jats:italic> for the first time.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T18:36:11Z","timestamp":1642098971000},"page":"e0010000","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Occurrence of L1014F and L1014S mutations in insecticide resistant Culex quinquefasciatus from filariasis endemic districts of West Bengal, India"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Rai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2309-4068","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dhiraj","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0010000.ref001","first-page":"7","article-title":"Larval habitats and species composition of mosquitoes in Darjeeling Himalayas, India.","volume":"43","author":"G Aditya","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Vector Borne Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0010000.ref002","first-page":"36","article-title":"Prevalence of mosquito species in semi-urban and rural areas of Himalayan foothills and plains of terai of North Bengal adjacent to Siliguri, West Bengal, India.","volume":"4","author":"SK Rudra","year":"2010","journal-title":"NBU J. 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