{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T04:12:02Z","timestamp":1747195922318,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Central Veterinary Research Laboratory"},{"name":"Hong Kong Health and Medical Research Fund","award":["18170712"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18170712"]}]},{"name":"Hong Kong Health and Medical Research Fund","award":["21200512"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21200512"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Glanders is a highly contagious and potentially serious disease caused by <jats:italic>Burkholderia mallei<\/jats:italic>, a Tier 1 select agent. In this study, we raised a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>mallei<\/jats:italic> and developed a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>mallei<\/jats:italic> infection. Using the titrated optimal conditions of <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>mallei-<\/jats:italic>LPS (2 ng) for microtiter plate coating, sample serum dilution at 1:20 and 3.5 ng\/\u03bcL anti-LPS mAb B5, the cutoff value of the cELISA was determined using serum samples from 136 glanders-free seronegative horses in Hong Kong. All calculated percentage inhibition (PI) values from these seronegative samples were below 39.6% inhibition (1.5 standard deviations above mean PI) and was used as the cutoff value. The diagnostic sensitivity of the developed LPS-based cELISA was first evaluated using sera from donkeys and mice inoculated with <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>mallei<\/jats:italic>. An increasing trend of PI values above the defined cELISA cutoff observed in the donkey and mouse sera suggested positive detection of anti-LPS antibodies. The sensitivity and specificity of the LPS-based cELISA was further evaluated using 31 serologically positive horse sera from glanders outbreaks in Bahrain and Kuwait, of which 30 were tested positive by the cELISA; and 21 seronegative horse sera and 20 seronegative donkey sera from Dubai, of which all were tested negative by the cELISA. A cELISA with high sensitivity (97.2%) and specificity (100%) for the detection of <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>mallei<\/jats:italic> antibodies in different animals was developed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T18:23:15Z","timestamp":1640110995000},"page":"e0010007","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Development of a sensitive competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serodiagnosis of Burkholderia mallei, a Tier 1 select agent"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Wernery","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rekha","family":"Raghavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jade L. 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