{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T17:31:15Z","timestamp":1787679075755,"version":"build-2784847793"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010078","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,7]],"date-time":"2022-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646611200000}}],"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key RESEARCH and development Program, China","award":["2021YFC2302100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2302100"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7192088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7192088"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Excellent talents in Beijing \u201cYouth top individual\u201d","award":["2019YXBJ1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YXBJ1"]}]},{"name":"Capital\u2019s Funds for Health Improvement and Research","award":["2020-2Z-2086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-2Z-2086"]}]},{"name":"Beijing Hospitals Authority Clinical medicine Development of special funding support","award":["XMLX202115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XMLX202115"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Cryptococcus gattii<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>gattii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is a fungal pathogen that once caused an outbreak of cryptococcosis on Vancouver Island, and had spread worldwide, while few data were available in China. In this study, seven clinical isolates of\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>gattii<\/jats:italic>\n                    VGII were collected from 19 hospitals, Multi-locus Sequence Typing (MLST) analysis and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed, combined with published data for phylogenetic analysis. In addition, in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing, phenotypic analysis, and in vivo virulence studies were performed, subsequently, histopathological analysis of lung tissue was performed.\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>gattii<\/jats:italic>\n                    VGII infected patients were mainly immunocompetent male, and most of them had symptoms of central nervous system (CNS) involvement. MLST results showed that isolates from China exhibited high genetic diversity, and sequence type (ST) 7 was the major ST among the isolates. Some clinical isolates showed a close phylogenetic relationship with strains from Australia and South America. All clinical isolates did not show resistance to antifungal drugs. In addition, there was no correlation between virulence factors (temperature, melanin production, and capsule size) and virulence while in vivo experiments showed significant differences in virulence among strains. Lung fungal burden and damage to lung tissue correlated with virulence, and degree of damage to lung tissue in mice may highlight differences in virulence. Our work seeks to provide useful data for molecular epidemiology, antifungal susceptibility, and virulence differences of\n                    <jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                    <jats:italic>gattii<\/jats:italic>\n                    VGII in China.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T13:41:10Z","timestamp":1645623670000},"page":"e0010078","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Molecular epidemiology and microbiological characteristics of Cryptococcus gattii VGII isolates from China"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0544-1900","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xuelei","family":"Zang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weixin","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lifeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yemei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hengyu","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ningxin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7847-8034","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xinying","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dingxia","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0010078.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00912","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00912-14","article-title":"Anti-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor autoantibodies are a risk factor for central nervous system infection by Cryptococcus gattii in otherwise immunocompetent patients","volume":"5","author":"T Saijo","year":"2014","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"pntd.0010078.ref002","first-page":"e00342","article-title":"Genome variation in Cryptococcus gattii, an emerging pathogen of immunocompetent hosts.","volume":"8","author":"CA D\u2019Souza","year":"2011","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"pntd.0010078.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70945-4","article-title":"Management of Cryptococcus gattii meningoencephalitis","volume":"15","author":"C Franco-Paredes","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0010078.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1601.090369","article-title":"Projecting global occurrence of Cryptococcus gattii","volume":"16","author":"DJ Springer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0010078.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir723","article-title":"Cryptococcus gattii in the United States: clinical aspects of infection with an emerging pathogen","volume":"53","author":"JR Harris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0010078.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1602.090900","article-title":"British Columbia Cryptococcus gattii Working Group. 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