{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T02:38:40Z","timestamp":1777430320343,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT1153727"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1153727"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GNT1127297"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1127297"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008717","name":"Sylvia and Charles Viertel Charitable Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008717","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Future Fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Future Fellowship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The Kato-Katz microscopy technique is the global standard for assessment of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) burden. However, major limitations include its poor sensitivity, requirement for rapid sample processing, and inability to differentiate hookworm species nor detect <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic> spp. infections. We assessed the prevalence and intensity of STH species in Solomon Islands by conducting a province-wide survey using quantitative PCR (qPCR) for diagnosis, which can provide much better characterisation of STH burden than microscopy.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methodology\/Principal findings<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 18 villages in Western Province to detect infections with six STH species and quantify intensity with three. We used linear mixed model regression to identify potential water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) and environmental risk factors for infection. We collected stool specimens from 830 village residents. Overall STH prevalence was 63.3% (range 27.5 to 91.5% across villages), led by <jats:italic>Necator americanus<\/jats:italic> (54.5% [range 17.5\u201389.4%]), followed by <jats:italic>Ancylostoma ceylanicum<\/jats:italic> (15.5% [range 2.8\u201345.8%]), <jats:italic>Trichuris trichiura<\/jats:italic> (9.1% [range 0\u201379.2%]), and <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic> spp. (3.2% [range 0\u201329.2%]). Most infections were of light intensity for <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>americanus<\/jats:italic> (85.7%) and <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>trichiura<\/jats:italic> (90.7%). Owning a household latrine was associated with a lower risk of <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>americanus<\/jats:italic> infection (AOR 0.41, 95% CI 0.24\u20130.68) while greater precipitation was linked to more common <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>trichiura<\/jats:italic> infection (AOR 1.14, 95% CI 1.04\u20131.25).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Conclusion\/Significance<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In this first large-scale population survey of STH in the Pacific using qPCR, we found evidence that ivermectin should be incorporated into STH control programmes because of the presence of <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>trichiura<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic> spp., both of which are poorly responsive to albendazole. Furthermore, One Health strategies are needed for improved <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>ceylanicum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Strongyloides<\/jats:italic> spp. control, WASH access and use should be improved to complement deworming programmes, and control efforts should ideally be expanded to entire communities.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/32868360\/\" xlink:type=\"simple\">ACTRN12618001086257<\/jats:ext-link>.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010350","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T17:35:41Z","timestamp":1653327341000},"page":"e0010350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Using quantitative PCR to identify opportunities to strengthen soil-transmitted helminth control in Solomon Islands: A cross-sectional epidemiological 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A.","family":"Zendejas-Heredia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Lake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Sokana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alam","family":"Khattak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9038-5300","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Lucia","family":"Romani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4909-1287","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daniel","family":"Engelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Titus","family":"Nasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dickson","family":"Boara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Kaldor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Steer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Traub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susana 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