{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T05:32:55Z","timestamp":1790659975704,"version":"4.1.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010768","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665705600000}}],"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]],"date-time":"2022-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664841600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation and the Fogarty International Center","award":["DEB-2011147"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DEB-2011147"]}]},{"name":"Stanford's Center for Innovation in Global Health"},{"name":"Woods Institute for the Environment"},{"name":"King Center for Global Development"},{"name":"Terman Award"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R35GM133439"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R35GM133439"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005492","name":"Stanford University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Natural Capital Project"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Natural Capital Project"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The globalization of mosquito-borne arboviral diseases has placed more than half of the human population at risk. Understanding arbovirus ecology, including the role individual mosquito species play in virus transmission cycles, is critical for limiting disease. Canonical virus-vector groupings, such as\n                    <jats:italic>Aedes<\/jats:italic>\n                    - or\n                    <jats:italic>Culex<\/jats:italic>\n                    -associated flaviviruses, have historically been defined using virus detection in field-collected mosquitoes, mosquito feeding patterns, and vector competence, which quantifies the intrinsic ability of a mosquito to become infected with and transmit a virus during a subsequent blood feed. Herein, we quantitatively synthesize data from 68 laboratory-based vector competence studies of 111 mosquito-virus pairings of Australian mosquito species and viruses of public health concern to further substantiate existing canonical vector-virus groupings and quantify variation within these groupings. Our synthesis reinforces current canonical vector-virus groupings but reveals substantial variation within them. While\n                    <jats:italic>Aedes<\/jats:italic>\n                    species were generally the most competent vectors of canonical \u201c\n                    <jats:italic>Aedes<\/jats:italic>\n                    -associated flaviviruses\u201d (such as dengue, Zika, and yellow fever viruses), there are some notable exceptions; for example,\n                    <jats:italic>Aedes notoscriptus<\/jats:italic>\n                    is an incompetent vector of dengue viruses.\n                    <jats:italic>Culex<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. were the most competent vectors of many traditionally\n                    <jats:italic>Culex<\/jats:italic>\n                    -associated flaviviruses including West Nile, Japanese encephalitis and Murray Valley encephalitis viruses, although some\n                    <jats:italic>Aedes<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. are also moderately competent vectors of these viruses. Conversely, many different mosquito genera were associated with the transmission of the arthritogenic alphaviruses, Ross River, Barmah Forest, and chikungunya viruses. We also confirm that vector competence is impacted by multiple barriers to infection and transmission within the mesenteron and salivary glands of the mosquito. Although these barriers represent important bottlenecks, species that were susceptible to infection with a virus were often likely to transmit it. Importantly, this synthesis provides essential information on what species need to be targeted in mosquito control programs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]],"date-time":"2022-10-04T13:31:46Z","timestamp":1664890306000},"page":"e0010768","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Not all mosquitoes are created equal: A synthesis of vector competence experiments reinforces virus associations of Australian mosquitoes"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0605-7289","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Morgan P.","family":"Kain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eloise B.","family":"Skinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tejas S.","family":"Athni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana L.","family":"Ramirez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin A.","family":"Mordecai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6262-831X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrew F.","family":"van den Hurk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0010768.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.3390\/v11020150","article-title":"Genetic determinants of the re-emergence of arboviral diseases","volume":"11","author":"H Ketkar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"pntd.0010768.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-050715-105122","article-title":"Zika, chikungunya, and other emerging vector-borne viral diseases","volume":"69","author":"SC Weaver","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"pntd.0010768.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S98","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1144","article-title":"Emerging flaviviruses: the spread and resurgence of Japanese encephalitis, West Nile and dengue viruses","volume":"10","author":"JS Mackenzie","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"pntd.0010768.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsr1604338","article-title":"Zika virus and birth defects\u2014reviewing the evidence for causality","volume":"374","author":"SA Rasmussen","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"pntd.0010768.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)00026-8","article-title":"The global burden of dengue: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013","volume":"16","author":"JD Stanaway","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0010768.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8081167","article-title":"Epidemic alphaviruses: ecology, emergence and outbreaks","volume":"8","author":"SR Azar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"pntd.0010768.ref007","unstructured":"Barnett HC. 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