{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T02:48:57Z","timestamp":1779245337410,"version":"3.51.4"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010882","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,8]],"date-time":"2022-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670457600000}}],"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R01AI123535."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01AI123535."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN272201400048C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN272201400048C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\"><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lassa virus is a priority pathogen for vaccine research and development, however the duration of cellular immunity and protection in Lassa fever (LF) survivors remains unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec002\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated Lassa virus specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cell responses in 93 LF survivors. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from these individuals were infected with recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus encoding Lassa virus antigens and virus specific T cell responses were measured after 18-hour incubation. Participants who had undetectable CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cell response underwent further analysis using a 10-day T cell proliferation assays to evaluate for low T cell precursor frequency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec003\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty-five of the 93 LF survivors did not have a Lassa virus specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cell response. Of those with responses and a known date of onset of LF (N = 11), 9 had LF within the last ten years. Most participants without a measurable CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cell response were more than 10 years removed from a clinical history of LF (N = 14\/16). Fourteen of 21 patients (67%) with undetectable CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cell response had a measurable Lassa virus specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cell response with the 10-day assay.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec004\"><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite reports of strong CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cell responses during acute Lassa virus infection, circulating Lassa virus-specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells declined to undetectable levels in most Lassa fever survivors after ten years when evaluated with an 18-hour T cell stimulation. However, when Lassa virus-specific T cells were expanded prior to restimulation, a Lassa virus-specific CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cell response could be detected in many if the samples that were negative in the 18-hour stimulation assay, suggesting that prolonged cellular immunity does exist in Lassa fever survivors at low frequencies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010882","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T18:52:37Z","timestamp":1669661557000},"page":"e0010882","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Expansion of CD8+ T cell population in Lassa virus survivors with low T cell precursor frequency reveals durable immune response in most survivors"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5902-1154","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Stephanie M.","family":"LaVergne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saori","family":"Sakabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mambu","family":"Momoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lansana","family":"Kanneh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nell","family":"Bond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert F.","family":"Garry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald S.","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"de la Torre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael B. 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