{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T16:03:49Z","timestamp":1783958629494,"version":"3.55.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011111","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677196800000}}],"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["22-24-20010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22-24-20010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science","award":["FWNR-2022-0021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FWNR-2022-0021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Opisthorchis felineus<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Opisthorchis viverrini<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Clonorchis sinensis<\/jats:italic>are epidemiologically significant food-borne trematodes endemic to diverse climatic areas.<jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>viverrini<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>sinensis<\/jats:italic>are both recognized to be 1A group of biological carcinogens to human, whereas<jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>felineus<\/jats:italic>is not. The mechanisms of carcinogenesis by the liver flukes are studied fragmentarily, the role of host and parasite microbiome is an unexplored aspect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec002\"><jats:title>Methodology\/Principal findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Specific pathogen free<jats:italic>Mesocricetus auratus<\/jats:italic>hamsters were infected with<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>sinensis<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>viverrini<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>felineus<\/jats:italic>. The microbiota of the adult worms, colon feces and bile from the hamsters was investigated using Illumina-based sequencing targeting the prokaryotic 16S rRNA gene. The analysis of 43 libraries revealed 18,830,015 sequences, the bacterial super-kingdom, 16 different phyla, 39 classes, 63 orders, 107 families, 187 genera-level phylotypes.<jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>viverrini<\/jats:italic>, a fluke with the most pronounced carcinogenic potential, has the strongest impact on the host bile microbiome, changing the abundance of 92 features, including Bifidobacteriaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, [Paraprevotellaceae], Acetobacteraceae, Coriobacteraceae and Corynebacteriaceae bacterial species. All three infections significantly increased Enterobacteriaceae abundance in host bile, reduced the level of commensal bacteria in the gut microbiome (<jats:italic>Parabacteroides<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Roseburia<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>AF12<\/jats:italic>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec003\"><jats:title>Conclusions\/Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>felineus<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>O<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>viverrini<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>C<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>sinensis<\/jats:italic>infections cause both general and species-specific qualitative and quantitative changes in the composition of microbiota of bile and colon feces of experimental animals infected with these trematodes. The alterations primarily concern the abundance of individual features and the phylogenetic diversity of microbiomes of infected hamsters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T20:39:51Z","timestamp":1676320791000},"page":"e0011111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Opisthorchis viverrini, Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis felineus liver flukes affect mammalian host microbiome in a species-specific manner"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1054-2068","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Maria Y.","family":"Pakharukova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina A.","family":"Lishai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oxana","family":"Zaparina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina V.","family":"Baginskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung-Jong","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Banchob","family":"Sripa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viatcheslav A.","family":"Mordvinov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0011111.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1582","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001582","article-title":"A research agenda for helminth diseases of humans: the problem of helminthiases.","volume":"6","author":"S Lustigman","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0011111.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"852900","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.852900","article-title":"Detangling the crosstalk between Ascaris, Trichuris and gut microbiota: What\u00b4s next?","volume":"12","author":"S Castaneda","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0011111.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0416-5","article-title":"Differential human gut microbiome assemblages during soil-transmitted helminth infections in Indonesia and Liberia.","volume":"6","author":"BA Rosa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"pntd.0011111.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0010491","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010491","article-title":"Clinical helminth infections alter host gut and saliva microbiota","volume":"16","author":"GN Gobert","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0011111.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00292","DOI":"10.14309\/ctg.0000000000000292","article-title":"Association of chronic opisthorchis infestation and microbiota alteration on tumorigenesis in cholangiocarcinoma.","volume":"12","author":"T Ketpueak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Transl Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0011111.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2013.07.007","article-title":"Fusobacterium nucleatum potentiates intestinal tumorigenesis and modulates the tumor-immune microenvironment","volume":"14","author":"AD Kostic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0011111.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7789","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-87446-x","article-title":"A comparative study of Helicobacter pylori infection in hamsters experimentally infected with liver flukes Opisthorchis felineus, Opisthorchis viverrini, or Clonorchis sinensis.","volume":"11","author":"MY Pakharukova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"issue":"Pt B","key":"pntd.0011111.ref008","first-page":"1","article-title":"Biological agents.","volume":"100","author":"IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans","year":"2012","journal-title":"Volume 100 B. 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