{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T16:11:33Z","timestamp":1789575093162,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]],"date-time":"2023-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Trans-disciplinary Research Grant Scheme, Ministry of Higher Education","award":["TRGS\/1\/2018\/UM\/01\/7\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TRGS\/1\/2018\/UM\/01\/7\/1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Whilst the influence of intestinal microbiota has been shown in many diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome, colorectal cancer, and aging, investigations are still scarce on its role in altering the nature of other infective organisms. Here we studied the association and interaction of\n                    <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. and human intestinal microbiota. In this study, we investigated the gut microbiome of\n                    <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp.-free and\n                    <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. ST3-infected individuals who are symptomatic and asymptomatic. We tested if the expression of phenotype and pathogenic characteristics of\n                    <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. ST3 was influenced by the alteration of its accompanying microbiota.\n                    <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. ST3 infection alters bacterial composition. Its presence in asymptomatic individuals showed a significant effect on microbial richness compared to symptomatic ones. Inferred metagenomic findings suggest that colonization of\n                    <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. ST3 could contribute to the alteration of microbial functions. For the first time, we demonstrate the influence of bacteria on\n                    <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. pathogenicity. When\n                    <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. isolated from a symptomatic individual was co-cultured with bacterial suspension of\n                    <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. from an asymptomatic individual, the parasite demonstrated increased growth and reduced potential pathogenic expressions. This study also reveals that\n                    <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. infection could influence microbial functions without much effect on the microbiota diversity itself. Our results also demonstrate evidence on the influential role of gut microbiota in altering the characteristics of the parasite, which becomes the basis for the contradictory findings on the parasite\u2019s pathogenic role seen across different studies. Our study provides evidence that asymptomatic\n                    <jats:italic>Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>\n                    sp. in a human gut can be triggered to show pathogenic characteristics when influenced by the intestinal microbiota.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,29]],"date-time":"2023-03-29T13:40:21Z","timestamp":1680097221000},"page":"e0011170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Gut bacteria influence Blastocystis sp. phenotypes and may trigger pathogenicity"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3280-1617","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Arutchelvan","family":"Rajamanikam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohd Noor 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