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However, data on the genetic diversity of <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> in some regions are still absent in China. In this study, we collected rodent samples (<jats:italic>Meriones unguiculatus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Spermophilus dauricus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Eolagurus luteus<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Cricetulus barabensis<\/jats:italic>) from Inner Mongolia located in Northern China. The <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> were detected and identified by sequencing the <jats:italic>gltA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ftsZ<\/jats:italic>, ITS, and <jats:italic>groEL<\/jats:italic> genes in them. An overall 47.27% (52\/110) positive rate was observed. This may be the first report that <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>unguiculatus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>luteus<\/jats:italic> harbor <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic>. Phylogenetic and genetic analysis on <jats:italic>gltA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ftsZ<\/jats:italic>, ITS, and <jats:italic>groEL<\/jats:italic> genes indicated that the strains were divided into seven distinct clades, suggesting the diverse genetic genotypes of <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> species in this area. Of those, Clade 5 meets the criteria for identification as a novel species based on gene sequence dissimilarity to known <jats:italic>Bartonella<\/jats:italic> species and herein we name it \u201c<jats:italic>Candidatus<\/jats:italic> Bartonella mongolica\u201d.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T18:23:42Z","timestamp":1688063022000},"page":"e0011462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The diverse genetic genotypes of Bartonella species circulating in rodents from Inner Mongolia, Northern China"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jianyun","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chenxi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaoqing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengguang","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5316-2703","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0011462.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10060686","article-title":"Hedgehogs and squirrels as hosts of zoonotic Bartonella Species.","volume":"10","author":"K Majerov\u00e1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathogens."},{"key":"pntd.0011462.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00013-17","article-title":"Bartonella species, an emerging cause of blood-culture-negative endocarditis","volume":"30","author":"U Okaro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0011462.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-022-05162-5","article-title":"Emerging rodent-associated Bartonella: a threat for human health?","volume":"15","author":"M Kr\u00fcgel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0011462.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.43.6.851","article-title":"Etiology of Oroya fever: I. 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