{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T21:27:05Z","timestamp":1793222825409,"version":"4.5.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011514","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692662400000}}],"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV-001785"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV-001785"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1177824"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1177824"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV-005121"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV-005121"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"EDCTP2","award":["DRIA-2014-306-DiTECT-HAT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DRIA-2014-306-DiTECT-HAT"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Human African trypanosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by trypanosomes among which\n                      <jats:italic>Trypanosoma brucei gambiense<\/jats:italic>\n                      is responsible for a chronic form (gHAT) in West and Central Africa. Its elimination as a public health problem (EPHP) was targeted for 2020. C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire was one of the first countries to be validated by WHO in 2020 and this was particularly challenging as the country still reported around a hundred cases a year in the early 2000s. This article describes the strategies implemented including a mathematical model to evaluate the reporting results and infer progress towards sustainable elimination.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The control methods used combined both exhaustive and targeted medical screening strategies including the follow-up of seropositive subjects\u2013 considered as potential asymptomatic carriers to diagnose and treat cases\u2013 as well as vector control to reduce the risk of transmission in the most at-risk areas. A mechanistic model was used to estimate the number of underlying infections and the probability of elimination of transmission (EoT) was met between 2000\u20132021 in two endemic and two hypo-endemic health districts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between 2015 and 2019, nine gHAT cases were detected in the two endemic health districts of Bouafl\u00e9 and Sinfra in which the number of cases\/10,000 inhabitants was far below 1, a necessary condition for validating EPHP. Modelling estimated a slow but steady decline in transmission across the health districts, bolstered in the two endemic health districts by the introduction of vector control. The decrease in underlying transmission in all health districts corresponds to a high probability that EoT has already occurred in C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This success was achieved through a multi-stakeholder and multidisciplinary one health approach where research has played a major role in adapting tools and strategies to this large epidemiological transition to a very low prevalence. This integrated approach will need to continue to reach the verification of EoT in C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire targeted by 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,31]],"date-time":"2023-07-31T13:30:36Z","timestamp":1690810236000},"page":"e0011514","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Towards the sustainable elimination of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis in C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire using an integrated 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