{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T04:38:37Z","timestamp":1770352717751,"version":"3.49.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011560","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693872000000}}],"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"African Centre of Excellence for Innovative Rodent Pest Management and Biosensor Technology Development"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Epidemics of Rift Valley fever (RVF), a mosquito-borne zoonotic disease caused by RVF virus, have been linked to exceptionally heavy rainfall and widespread flooding. The disease is endemic in most African countries and pose a major global health risk. Given that the disease was reported in various districts of Tanzania, we hypothesized a lack of knowledge about RVF epidemiology among agropastoral and pastoral communities. The research took place in a period of 7 months, from July, 2021 to January, 2022. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among the agropastoral and pastoral communities of Ngorongoro district towards RVF. The survey employed a mixed method system, which included 3 focus groups (each comprised 12 individuals), 20 key informant interviews and administration of questionnaire (N = 352) in agropastoral and pastoral community members of Ngorongoro district. The relationship between demographic characteristics and communities\u2019 knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding RVF was observed using a multiple logistic regression model. A total of 352 participants were interviewed, with the majority (67.61%) being male and 32.39% being female, majority (39.5%) attending primary school, and majority (58.2%) being pastoralists. The findings showed that only 36.1%, 38.64% and 16.19% of participants had good knowledge, positive attitude and good practices regarding RVF respectively. Significant demographic factors related with knowledge included: gender (OR = 1.9, CI = 1.03\u20133.56, P = 0.041), education levels (primary: OR = 3.97, CI = 2\u20138.16, P = 0.000; secondary: OR = 15.27, CI = 5.5\u201346.23, P = 0.000 and college: OR = 34. 23, CI = 5.4\u201367.22, P = 0.000), and locality (Pinyinyi: OR = 0.14, CI = 0.05\u20130.38, P = 0.000 and Sale: OR = 0.14, CI = 0.04\u20130.44, P = 0.001). Male participants showed significant positive attitude towards RVF compared to female (OR = 2.37, CI = 1.35\u20134.17, P = 0.003). Individuals with formal education showed a significant positive attitude toward RVF compared to informal (OR&gt;1, P&lt;0.05). Agropastoral members showed a significant negative attitude toward RVF compared to pastoralists (OR = 0.51, CI = 0.26\u20130.99, P = 0.048). The calculated RVF prevention practices values were insignificantly (P = 0.853) correlated with knowledge values. The significant correlation between knowledge and attitude, as well as attitude and practice were found (P&lt;0.05). In general, the study revealed poor knowledge, negative attitude and poor practices of communities towards RVF. The lack of regular education programs to make the communities aware of the disease was implicated for these findings. This recommends that provision of health education should be a long-term practice among agropastoral and pastoral communities in order to prevent further RVF outbreaks in Tanzania.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T17:32:40Z","timestamp":1692811960000},"page":"e0011560","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Knowledge, attitudes and practices on rift valley fever among pastoral and agropastoral communities of Ngorongoro in the rift valley ecosystem, Tanzania, conducted in 2021\/2022"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1691-0933","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amina Ramadhani","family":"Issae","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdul Ahmed Selemani","family":"Katakweba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rose Peter","family":"Kicheleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Augustino Alfred","family":"Chengula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher Jacob","family":"Kasanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0011560.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-018-3843-5","article-title":"Taxonomy of the family Arenaviridae and the order Bunyavirales: update 2018","volume":"163","author":"P Maes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0011560.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e88897","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0088897","article-title":"Spatial and temporal pattern of Rift Valley fever outbreaks in Tanzania; 1930 to 2007","volume":"9","author":"C Sindato","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0011560.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(02)00295-9","article-title":"Rift Valley fever: an uninvited zoonosis in the Arabian Peninsula","volume":"21","author":"HH Balkhy","year":"2003","journal-title":"International journal of antimicrobial agents"},{"issue":"20","key":"pntd.0011560.ref004","first-page":"169","article-title":"Outbreaks of Rift Valley fever in Kenya, Somalia and United Republic of Tanzania, December 2006-April 2007","volume":"82","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2007","journal-title":"Weekly Epidemiological Record = Relev\u00e9 \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique hebdomadaire"},{"issue":"11","key":"pntd.0011560.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0006931","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006931","article-title":"Serological evidence of inter-epizootic\/inter-epidemic circulation of Rift Valley fever virus in domestic cattle in Kyela and Morogoro, Tanzania","volume":"12","author":"MK Matiko","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS neglected tropical diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0011560.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/2193-1801-2-549","article-title":"Socio-economic impact of Rift Valley fever to pastoralists and agro pastoralists in Arusha, Manyara and Morogoro regions in Tanzania","volume":"2","author":"AA Chengula","year":"2013","journal-title":"Springerplus"},{"key":"pntd.0011560.ref007","first-page":"197","article-title":"Rift Valley fever virus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Phlebovirus)","volume":"95","author":"KJ Linthicum","year":"1985","journal-title":"Isolations from diptera collected during an inter-epizootic period in Kenya. 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