{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T15:31:33Z","timestamp":1788881493848,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696896000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100019534","name":"Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Guangxi Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100019534","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81971934"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81971934"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\"><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Talaromyces marneffei<\/jats:italic>(<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>marneffei<\/jats:italic>) is an opportunistic fungal infection (talaromycosis), which is common in subtropical regions and is a leading cause of death in HIV-1-infected patients. This study aimed to determine the characteristics and risk factors associated with hospital readmissions in HIV patients with<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>marneffei<\/jats:italic>infection in order to reduce readmissions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec002\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a retrospective study of admitted HIV-infected individuals at the Fourth People\u2019s Hospital of Nanning, Guangxi, China, from 2012 to 2019. Kaplan-Meier analyses and Principal component analysis (PCA) were used to evaluate the effects of<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>marneffei<\/jats:italic>infection on patient readmissions. Additionally, univariate and multifactorial analyses, as well as Propensity score matching (PSM) were used to analyze the factors associated with patient readmissions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec003\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>HIV\/AIDS patients with<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>marneffei<\/jats:italic>-infected had shorter intervals between admissions and longer lengths of stay than non-<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>marneffei<\/jats:italic>-infected patients, despite lower readmission rates. Compared with non-<jats:italic>T. marneffei<\/jats:italic>-infected patients, the mortality rate for talaromycosis patients was higher at the first admission. Among HIV\/AIDS patients with opportunistic infections, the mortality rate was highest for<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>marneffei<\/jats:italic>at 16.2%, followed by cryptococcus at 12.5%. However, the readmission rate was highest for cryptococcus infection (37.5%) and lowest for<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>marneffei<\/jats:italic>(10.8%). PSM and Logistic regression analysis identified leukopenia and elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) as key factors in<jats:italic>T.marneffei<\/jats:italic>-infected patients hospital readmissions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"sec004\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The first admission represents a critical window to intervene in the prognosis of patients with<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>marneffei<\/jats:italic>infection. Leukopenia and elevated LDL may be potential risk factors impacting readmissions. Our findings provide scientific evidence to improve the long-term outcomes of HIV patients with<jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>marneffei<\/jats:italic>infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T17:42:49Z","timestamp":1696959769000},"page":"e0011622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Characteristics and risk factors for readmission in HIV-infected patients with Talaromyces marneffei infection"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Minjuan","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaqin","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wudi","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirun","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinmiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yueqi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongfeng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinming","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongxiang","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingmei","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiman","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4905-9348","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Junjun","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0011622.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-021-01679-6","article-title":"Analysis of clinical characteristics and prognosis of talaromycosis (with or without human immunodeficiency virus) from a non-endemic area: a retrospective study","volume":"50","author":"Q Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Infection"},{"issue":"9","key":"pntd.0011622.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.180520","article-title":"Comparison of Talaromyces marneffei Infection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-positive and Human Immunodeficiency Virus-negative Patients from Fujian, China","volume":"129","author":"HR Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chinese medical journal"},{"issue":"9","key":"pntd.0011622.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2609.200016","article-title":"Risk-Based Estimate of Human Fungal Disease Burden, China","volume":"26","author":"LH Zhou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0011622.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E92","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.191136","article-title":"Talaromyces marneffei fungemia after travel to China in a Canadian patient with AIDS","volume":"192","author":"M Waters","year":"2020","journal-title":"CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l\u2019Association medicale canadienne"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0011622.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1111\/jtm.12125","article-title":"Chronic pulmonary penicilliosis due to Penicillium marneffei: late presentation in a french traveler","volume":"21","author":"A De Monte","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of travel medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"pntd.0011622.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit058","article-title":"Environmental predictors and incubation period of AIDS-associated penicillium marneffei infection in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. 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