{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T07:20:46Z","timestamp":1785223246078,"version":"3.55.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011753","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701648000000}}],"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"sec001\">\n<jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Yaws is a disease caused by the bacteria <jats:italic>Treponema pallidum<\/jats:italic> subspecies <jats:italic>pertenue<\/jats:italic>, which is most commonly seen among children below 15 years. In the twentieth century yaws was endemic in Nigeria but eradication strategies markedly reduced the disease burden. Currently there is minimal data on the ongoing transmission of yaws in Nigeria, despite reports of confirmed yaws cases in neighbouring West African countries.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec002\">\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We conducted both community and school-based active yaws case search among school-aged children in southeast Nigeria. Children were screened by trained community volunteers. Suspected yaws cases were clinically reviewed and tested using rapid diagnostic serological tests.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec003\">\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Between February and May 2021, up to 28 trained community volunteers screened a total of 105,015 school children for yaws. Overall, 7,706 children with various skin lesions were identified. Eight (8) suspected cases of yaws were reported, reviewed and screened, but none was confirmed using rapid diagnostic tests. The four most common skin conditions identified were scabies (39%), papular urticaria (29%), tinea corporis (14%) and tinea capitis (12%).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"sec004\">\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>No case of yaws was confirmed in this large population of children in south-east Nigeria. Continuous community awareness and yaws case finding activities have been recommended across Nigeria.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T18:36:27Z","timestamp":1700505387000},"page":"e0011753","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Is there still yaws in Nigeria? Active case search in endemic areas of southern Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ngozi","family":"Ekeke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7600-4533","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Francis S.","family":"Iyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph N.","family":"Chukwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kingsley","family":"Asiedu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Babatunde","family":"Omotowo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olanike","family":"Agwu-Umahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor O.","family":"Nvene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiloh","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles C.","family":"Nwafor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony O.","family":"Meka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chinwe C.","family":"Eze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Okechukwu E.","family":"Ezeakile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin I.","family":"Njoku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ngozi N.","family":"Murphy-Okpala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"pntd.0011753.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3016","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003016","article-title":"Eradication of Yaws: Historical Efforts and Achieving WHO\u2019s 2020 Target.","volume":"8","author":"K Asiedu","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases."},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0011753.ref002","first-page":"911","article-title":"Yaws eradication campaign in Nsukka Division, Eastern Nigeria: A Preliminary Review","volume":"15","author":"A. Zahra","year":"1956","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"pntd.0011753.ref003","first-page":"47","volume-title":"International Work in Endemic Treponematoses and Venereal Infections, 1948\u20131963.","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1965"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0011753.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02485.x","article-title":"Skin diseases in south-east Nigeria: a current perspective","volume":"44","author":"EN Nnoruka","year":"2005","journal-title":"International Journal of Dermatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0011753.ref005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0934-8840(99)80130-3","article-title":"Yaws and syphilis in the Garkida area of Nigeria.","volume":"289","author":"OB Akogun","year":"1999","journal-title":"Zentralblatt f\u00fcr Bakteriologie."},{"key":"pntd.0011753.ref006","first-page":"119","article-title":"Epidemiology of yaws: an update.","volume":"2","author":"WM Kazadi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Epidemiology."},{"key":"pntd.0011753.ref007","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Yaws. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/yaws.[Accessed April 12, 2023]"},{"key":"pntd.0011753.ref008","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eradication of yaws: A Guide for Programme Managers"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0011753.ref009","article-title":"Screening for the Reemergence of Yaws in Nigeria.","volume":"8","author":"Z Hassan","year":"2020","journal-title":"GSJ"},{"key":"pntd.0011753.ref010","unstructured":"History of Nsukka. https:\/\/www.nsukkaigbonation.com\/history-nsukka\/265. [Accessed February 2, 2020]."},{"key":"pntd.0011753.ref011","unstructured":"National Population Commission of Nigeria (web), National Bureau of Statistics (web). https:\/\/www.citypopulation.de\/php\/nigeria-admin.php?adm1id=NGA014.[Accessed February 2, 2020]"},{"key":"pntd.0011753.ref012","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2009","journal-title":"Current situation of yaws in Ghana"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0011753.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2704.204442","article-title":"Epidemiologic and genomic reidentification of yaws, Liberia","volume":"27","author":"JW Timothy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"pntd.0011753.ref014","unstructured":"SD Bioline Syphilis 3.0. https:\/\/www.maxanim.com\/rapid-tests\/sd-bioline-syphilis-3-0\/.[Accessed September 15, 2023]"},{"key":"pntd.0011753.ref015","unstructured":"Chembio. DPP Syphilis Screen & Confirm Europe. https:\/\/www.chembio.com\/products\/dpp-syphilis-screen-confirm-europe\/.[Accessed September 15, 2023]."},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0011753.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.9734\/ajmah\/2020\/v18i230190","article-title":"Prevalence of Skin Diseases among Primary School Children in Three Semi Urban Communities in Rivers State, Nigeria: A Community Based Study.","volume":"18","author":"BA Alex-Hart","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health"},{"key":"pntd.0011753.ref017","first-page":"2014","article-title":"The prevalence and pattern of superficial fungal infections among school children in Ile-Ife, South-Western Nigeria","author":"OO Oke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dermatology Research and Practice"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0011753.ref018","first-page":"1531","article-title":"Parental factors influencing the prevalence of skin infections and infestations among Nigerian primary school pupils","volume":"3","author":"OA Oyedeji","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Internet Journal of Dermatology"},{"key":"pntd.0011753.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2015.20.182.6069","article-title":"Age and sex prevalence of infectious dermatoses among primary school children in a rural South-Eastern Nigerian community.","volume":"20","author":"E Kalu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0011753.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0006489","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006489","article-title":"Skin disease prevalence study in schoolchildren in rural Cote d\u2019Ivoire: Implications for integration of neglected skin diseases (skin NTDs).","volume":"12","author":"RR Yotsu","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases."},{"issue":"3","key":"pntd.0011753.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.51866\/cr1275","article-title":"Yaws: The forgotten tropical skin disease.","volume":"16","author":"NM Alwi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Malaysian Family Physician: the Official Journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0011753.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-019-0617-6","article-title":"Yaws in the Philippines: first reported cases since the 1970s.","volume":"9","author":"BL Dofitas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infectious Diseases of Poverty."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011753","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701648000000}}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011753","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T18:43:27Z","timestamp":1701715407000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011753"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Amy C.","family":"Morrison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011753","relation":{"new_version":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011753","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1935-2735","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]]}}}