{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T22:40:17Z","timestamp":1777329617042,"version":"3.51.4"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011809","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702512000000}}],"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Miranda Municipality of Mato Grosso do Sul, borders the Pantanal wetland, a famous fishing destination visited by tourists from all over the world, and is a location where visceral leishmaniasis has been reported. To assess the risk of <jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic> transmission, we studied the sandfly community, focusing on known vector and parasite presence. We conducted light trap collections twice per month at nine sites within the city (including two forested areas) for one year. We collected a total of 12,727 sand flies, 10,891 males and 1,836 females belonging to 11 species: <jats:italic>Brumptomyia avellari<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Evandromyia aldafalcaoae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Ev<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>evandroi<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Ev<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>lenti<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Ev<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>sallesi<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Ev<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>walkeri<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Lu<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>longipalpis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Nyssomyia whitmani<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Psathyromyia bigeniculata<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Pa<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>hermanlenti<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Pa<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>punctigeniculata<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>Lutzomyia longipalpis<\/jats:italic>, the proven vector of <jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic>, was captured each month, and was the most abundant species observed, accounting for more than 99% of sand flies captured in most sites, especially where chicken coops were present. Evidence of <jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic> infection was detected in 0.40% of <jats:italic>Lu<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>longipalpis<\/jats:italic> tested. We developed a generalized mixed multilevel model for <jats:italic>Lu<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>longipalpis<\/jats:italic>, that includes within-year seasonality, location of capture (indoors vs. outdoors), vector abundance, and sex ratio. The VL vector was abundant both inside and outside houses. Large numbers of <jats:italic>Lu<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>longipalpis<\/jats:italic> were observed in outdoor sites where domestic animals were present but were absent from forest sites. Our findings suggest high vector populations and <jats:italic>Le<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>infantum<\/jats:italic> presence in a city where tourists could be exposed to visceral leishmaniasis, with significant implications for more surveillance and control activities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0011809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T18:33:36Z","timestamp":1701714816000},"page":"e0011809","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Spatiotemporal changes in exposition risk to leishmaniases vector in residences within a fishing tourism area of Pantanal wetland"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Daiana Alovisi","family":"Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luiz Gustavo Rodrigues","family":"Oliveira-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jucelei de Oliveira Moura","family":"Infran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wagner de Souza","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aline Etelvina Casaril","family":"Arrua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eliane Mattos","family":"Piranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7677-9351","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alessandra Gutierrez de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"pntd.0011809.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1038\/266628a0","article-title":"Experimental transmission of Leishmania chagasi, causative agent of neotropical visceral leishmaniasis, by the sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis.","volume":"266","author":"R Lainson","year":"1977","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"pntd.0011809.ref002","first-page":"15","volume-title":"Flebotom\u00edneos do Brasil","author":"IA Sherlock","year":"2021"},{"key":"pntd.0011809.ref003","first-page":"311","volume-title":"Flebotom\u00edneos do Brasil","author":"R Lainson","year":"2003"},{"key":"pntd.0011809.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0191","article-title":"Vector Competence of Lutzomyia cruzi Naturally Demonstrated for Leishmania infantum and Suspected for Leishmania amazonensis.","volume":"11","author":"EF Oliveira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. 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