{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T17:06:07Z","timestamp":1761239167625,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sydney School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and acute rheumatic fever (ARF) disproportionately affect individuals in low-resource settings. ARF is attributed to an immune response to Group A <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic> (GAS) following GAS pharyngitis and potentially GAS impetigo in which infection can be initiated by scabies infestation. The burden of ARF and RHD in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia is among the highest globally. Following recent calls to include dog management programs in ARF and RHD prevention programs, we believe it is timely to assess the evidence for this, particularly since previous recommendations excluded resources to prevent zoonotic canine scabies. While phylogenetic analyses have suggested that the <jats:italic>Sarcoptes<\/jats:italic> mite is host specific, they have differed in interpretation of the strength of their findings regarding species cross-over and the need for canine scabies control to prevent human itch. Given that there is also indication from case reports that canine scabies leads to human itch, we propose that further investigation of the potential burden of zoonotic canine scabies and intervention trials of canine scabies prevention on the incidence of impetigo are warranted. Considering the devastating impacts of ARF and RHD, evidence is required to support policy to eliminate all risk factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T17:21:41Z","timestamp":1714670501000},"page":"e0012115","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Eliminate all risks: A call to reexamine the link between canine scabies and rheumatic heart disease"],"prefix":"10.1371","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0963-4926","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Victoria J.","family":"Brookes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caitlin E.","family":"Henning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kate A.","family":"Worthing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Degeling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"340","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"pntd.0012115.ref001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70267-X","article-title":"The global burden of group A streptococcal diseases","volume":"5","author":"JR Carapetis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"pntd.0012115.ref002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15084","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2015.84","article-title":"Acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease","volume":"2","author":"JR Carapetis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0012115.ref003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.61.542","article-title":"Genetically distinct dog-derived and human-derived Sarcoptes scabiei in scabies-endemic communities in northern Australia","volume":"61","author":"SF Walton","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"Supplement_5","key":"pntd.0012115.ref004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ckaa165. 059","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckaa165.059","article-title":"The RHD Endgame Strategy; the blueprint to eliminate rheumatic heart disease in Australia by 2031","volume":"30","author":"R Wyber","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Public Health"},{"key":"pntd.0012115.ref005","article-title":"Commonwealth Closing the Gap annual report 2022","author":"National Indigenous Australians Agency (NIAA)","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commonwealth of Australia"},{"issue":"19","key":"pntd.0012115.ref006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e016851","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.016851","article-title":"Contemporary Incidence and Prevalence of Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease in Australia Using Linked Data: The Case for Policy Change","volume":"9","author":"JM Katzenellenbogen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"13","key":"pntd.0012115.ref007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e025284","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.122.025284","article-title":"Rheumatic heart disease is a neglected disease relative to its burden worldwide: findings from global burden of disease 2019","volume":"11","author":"SH Ghamari","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"pntd.0012115.ref008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14945","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.14945","article-title":"A pilot study to develop assessment tools for Group A Streptococcus surveillance studies","volume":"11","author":"J Pickering","year":"2023","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0012115.ref009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.50361","article-title":"Skin infections in Australian Aboriginal children: a narrative review","volume":"212","author":"L Davidson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"pntd.0012115.ref010","article-title":"Streptococci in an Aboriginal Australian community: is there a link between dogs and humans?","author":"LJ Schrieber","year":"2012","journal-title":"University of Sydney"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0012115.ref011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199505000-00007","article-title":"The family pet as an unlikely source of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection in humans","volume":"14","author":"KS Wilson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0012115.ref012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12057","article-title":"Transmission of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis between Child and Dog in an Aboriginal Australian Community","volume":"61","author":"L Schrieber","year":"2014","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"pntd.0012115.ref013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12354","article-title":"More bark than bite: Comparative studies are needed to determine the importance of canine zoonoses in Aboriginal communities. A critical review of published research","volume":"64","author":"F Smout","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0012115.ref014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/0738-081X(94)90221-6","article-title":"Comparative dermatology: Parasitic disorders","volume":"12","author":"DW Angarano","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"journal-title":"Ending the neglect to attain the sustainable development goals: a framework for monitoring and evaluating progress of the road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021\u2013 2030","year":"2021","author":"World Health Organization","key":"pntd.0012115.ref015"},{"key":"pntd.0012115.ref016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.12703\/r\/10-28","article-title":"Recent advances in understanding and treating scabies","volume":"10","author":"E Welch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fac Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"pntd.0012115.ref017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0006668","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006668","article-title":"Scabies and risk of skin sores in remote Australian Aboriginal communities: A self-controlled case series study","volume":"12","author":"PTZ Aung","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"issue":"7","key":"pntd.0012115.ref018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2004.04.002","article-title":"Genetic epidemiology of Sarcoptes scabiei (Acari: Sarcoptidae) in northern Australia","volume":"34","author":"SF Walton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0012115.ref019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2005.02.007","article-title":"Networks in phylogenetic analysis: new tools for population biology","volume":"35","author":"DA Morrison","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"pntd.0012115.ref020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-4266-1","article-title":"Population identification of Sarcoptes hominis and Sarcoptes canis in China using DNA sequences","volume":"114","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0012115.ref021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11020213","article-title":"Zoonotic Episodes of Scabies: A Global Overview","volume":"11","author":"B Moroni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"issue":"6","key":"pntd.0012115.ref022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.3390\/ani10061061","article-title":"Evaluation of a Dog Population Management Intervention: Measuring Indicators of Impact","volume":"10","author":"GC Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"5","key":"pntd.0012115.ref023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ani8050065","article-title":"Dog and Cat Interactions in a Remote Aboriginal Community","volume":"8","author":"B Kennedy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Animals"},{"issue":"12","key":"pntd.0012115.ref024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1111\/avj.12766","article-title":"Demographic studies of owned dogs in the Northern Peninsula Area, Australia, to inform population and disease management strategies","volume":"96","author":"EG Hudson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aust Vet J"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0012115.ref025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.2752\/175303710X12750451259336","article-title":"For the Love of Dog: The Human-Dog Bond in Rural and Remote Australian Indigenous Communities","volume":"23","author":"S Constable","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anthrozoos"},{"issue":"2","key":"pntd.0012115.ref026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.2752\/175303709X434149","article-title":"A review of the relationship between indigenous Australians, dingoes (Canis dingo) and domestic dogs (Canis familiaris)","volume":"22","author":"BP Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anthrozo\u00f6s"},{"issue":"4","key":"pntd.0012115.ref027","first-page":"39","article-title":"Dogs and people in Aboriginal communities: Exploring the relationship within the context of the social determinants of health","volume":"6","author":"K Senior","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"pntd.0012115.ref028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12451","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-69316-0","article-title":"One Health promotion and the politics of dog management in remote, northern Australian communities","volume":"10","author":"VJ Brookes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"pntd.0012115.ref029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04395-6","article-title":"Efficacy of orally and topically administered fluralaner (Bravecto) for treatment of client-owned dogs with sarcoptic mange under field conditions","volume":"13","author":"R Chiummo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"pntd.0012115.ref030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2018064","article-title":"Treatment of canine sarcoptic mange with afoxolaner (NexGard) and afoxolaner plus milbemycin oxime (NexGard Spectra) chewable tablets: efficacy under field conditions in Portugal and Germany","volume":"25","author":"V Hampel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"pntd.0012115.ref031","article-title":"The Cost of Inaction on Rheumatic Heart Disease: The predicted human and financial costs of rheumatic heart disease for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people 2016\u20132031","author":"R Wyber","year":"2018","journal-title":"Perth"}],"container-title":["PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012115","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T17:22:06Z","timestamp":1714670526000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dx.plos.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012115"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Aysegul","family":"Taylan Ozkan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012115","relation":{},"ISSN":["1935-2735"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1935-2735"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]}}}