{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T15:34:29Z","timestamp":1783956869352,"version":"3.55.0"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012214","type":"new_version","label":"New version","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736726400000}}],"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Public Library of Science (PLoS)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) through the European Union","award":["FOOD\/2016\/379-660"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOOD\/2016\/379-660"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17-CE35-0004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17-CE35-0004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.plosntds.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["PLoS Negl Trop Dis"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The protozoan <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> is a ubiquitous and highly prevalent parasite that can theoretically infect all warm-blooded vertebrates. In humans, toxoplasmosis causes infections in both immunodeficient and immunocompetent patients, congenital toxoplasmosis, and ocular lesions. These manifestations have different degrees of severity. Clinical severity is determined by multiple factors, including the genotype of the <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> strain involved in the infection. <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> exhibits remarkable genetic diversity, which varies according to geography and ecotype (domestic or wild). Previous studies have demonstrated that wild strains of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> are of particular epidemiological interest, as they have been associated with more severe forms of toxoplasmosis in different regions of the world. However, no data on wild strains of <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> are available from Africa. In this study, we describe for the first time a wild <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> strain from Africa. Wild animals from the forest environment of Gabon, Central Africa, were screened for chronic infection with <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> using quantitative PCR. The infecting <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> strains were genotyped whenever possible by the analysis of 15 microsatellite markers and by whole-genome sequencing. A new <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> genotype was identified in the DNA extract from a heart sample of a duiker (<jats:italic>Cephalophus<\/jats:italic> sp.) and was found to be highly divergent from previously described <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> populations worldwide, including those from domestic environments in Gabon. This discovery suggests the existence of a wild <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> population in Africa. The role of wild <jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic> strains in the incidence of severe toxoplasmosis in Africa remains unclear and requires further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0012214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T18:43:12Z","timestamp":1736188992000},"page":"e0012214","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pntd.corrections_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Toxoplasma gondii from Gabonese forest, Central Africa: First report of an African wild 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